ALISHER NAVOI’S PLACE IN WORLD HISTORY
Abstract
The article analyzes the place of the work of Alisher Navoi, a great representative of Uzbek classical literature, in world literature and culture. His contribution to the development of the Turkic language, his achievements in literary literature through the epic “Khamsa”, his role in promoting humanism and universal ideas are highlighted. Navoi’s activities as a statesman and his current global reputation are also discussed.
Quick dreams:
Navoi, Uzbek literature, Chigatai language, Khamsa, Muhokamat, Turkic language, Navoi’s legacy, Eastern literature, humanism, Timurids, culture, language development, statesman, world literature, national revival, science, self-awareness, UNESCO, Navoi’s works, historical heritage.
Introduction:
Alisher Navoi is one of the greatest figures of Uzbek literature and the culture of all Turkic peoples. He is recognized as a person who left an invaluable mark not only on his time, but also on subsequent centuries through his creativity and thought. His work was not limited to poetry, but also covered the spheres of language, culture, spirituality, and even state administration. Navoi’s work embodied the spirit of the people, historical thinking and aesthetic views, making a significant contribution to the development of world literature.
The literary significance of Navoi’s work
Alisher Navoi’s work marked a new stage in Uzbek literature. At a time when Persian-Tajik literature dominated, he created works of high artistic quality in the Uzbek (Chigatoy) language, confirming this language as a means of literary and poetic expression. In particular, his five epics belonging to the “Khamsa” series, while deeply absorbing the literary traditions of the East, opened new horizons in Turkic literature. These works, both in content and form, were created for the first time in Turkic poetry as a full-fledged epic epic complex, and are a vivid example of Navoi’s genius.
Harmony of language and thought
Alisher Navoi also paid great attention to the issue of language. His work “Muhokamat ul-lug’atayn” is one of the first experiments that scientifically substantiated the richness, expressive power and poetic possibilities of the Uzbek language. Through this work, he laid the foundation for the formation of literature written in the Turkic language as an independent direction. Navoi saw language not only as a means of communication, but also as the basis of national consciousness and aesthetic thinking.
Promoter of humanism and universal human values
One of the important aspects of Navoi’s work is its deep humanistic ideas, the primacy of values such as justice and honesty, patriotism, and enlightenment. His works deeply analyze the human soul, moral perfection, and the spiritual meaning of life. These aspects have raised Navoi’s work to a world-renowned classic level.
Statesman and spiritual devotee
Alisher Navoi was not only a writer, but also a versatile person in practical activities.
Husayn held high positions in the palace of Baykara and made great contributions to the development of science, literature, architecture, and enlightenment. He sponsored the construction of many madrasas, khanaqohs, libraries, and mosques.
The main part
Alisher Navoi is one of the brightest stars in the sky of classical Eastern literature, a genius who paved the way for the development of Turkic literature. In an environment dominated by Persian-Tajik literature in his time, he created a huge artistic heritage in the Turkic (Chigatoy) language, turning this language into an equal means of creativity in literature. Navoi’s work is distinguished not only by its artistic perfection, but also by its philosophical depth, social content and humanistic ideas.
The poet’s epics in the “Khamsa” series – “Khayrat ul-abror”, “Farhod and Shirin”, “Leyli and Majnun”, “Sab’ai sayyor” and “Saddi Iskandariy” – are the first complete epic complex created in Uzbek literature and opened new horizons in Turkic poetry. Through these works, Navoi created a unique school in creating images in a literary text, expressing inner experiences, and describing social problems. In each epic, important ideas of Eastern philosophy: decency, morality, justice, love, patience, and spiritual maturity are deeply expressed through artistic means.
For Navoi, language was not just a means of communication, but also the basis for the realization of national identity and spiritual elevation. His work “Muhokamat ul-lughatain” is a bold step in this direction, in which he proves with solid evidence that the Turkic language is not inferior to Persian. This was a major turning point in history, not only as a literary, but also as an educational and political position.
At the center of Navoi’s work is man. He pays great attention to the inner world of man, his spiritual perfection, and his moral perfection. In “Mahbub ul-qulub”, the poet deeply analyzes the relationship between the people, society, ruler and scholar, poor and rich, expressing them through life symbols. His striving for social justice, his call for knowledge and enlightenment lie at the root of each of his works. These aspects make him a spiritual guiding star not only of his time, but also of all humanity.
Throughout his life, Alisher Navoi served enlightenment not only with his pen, but also in practice. Although he held a high position in the palace of Husayn Boykar, he was not greedy for wealth and oversaw the construction of many madrasas, khanaqohs, libraries, mosques and monuments. In modern terms, these works of his are a practical manifestation of cultural and civilizational policy. He created conditions for scholars, artists, poor citizens, youth and believers, provided material and spiritual support. In this regard, he is remembered in history as a great enlightener.
Today, Navoi’s legacy has gone beyond the borders of Uzbekistan and is recognized throughout the world. His works have been translated into dozens of languages, and scientific research on the poet’s personality and work is being conducted in Russia, Turkey, Iran, Europe and other regions. In 1991, he was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
The celebration of the 550th anniversary of Alisher Navoi’s birth and the publication of the poet’s works in international scientific journals are clear evidence of this recognition and respect.
Alisher Navoi is the embodiment of Uzbek literature, the pride of the Turkic peoples and an integral part of the world’s cultural heritage. His work has not lost its relevance even today, but is an invaluable source for understanding national identity and achieving spiritual perfection in modern society.
Conclusion:
Alisher Navoi is an eternal figure not only of his time, but also of world literary thought. In his works, the most delicate feelings of the human soul, the ideas of spiritual purity, justice and goodness found a deep artistic expression. With his work, Navoi not only brought the Uzbek language to a high literary level, but also awakened the thinking of the people, glorified spirituality. The images he created and the ideas he put forward are vital, instructive and relevant for today’s reader.
Navoi’s figure is a symbol of literary language, moral maturity and national identity. Not only through his work, but also with his whole life, he demonstrated the qualities of enlightenment, generosity, knowledge and patriotism in practice. Today, studying and promoting Navoi’s heritage, instilling it in the hearts of the new generation is not only a scientific, but also a spiritual duty. After all, Alisher Navoi remains the pride of the nation, an invaluable treasure of the world’s cultural heritage.
References:
1. Navoi, Alisher. Khamsa. Literature and Art Publishing House, 1983. Tashkent: Gafur Ghulam Publishing House
2. Navoi, Alisher. Muhokamat ul-lughayin. Tashkent: Fan, 1989.
3. Sirojiddinov, Shavkat. Alisher Navoi: life and work. Tashkent: Fan, 2001.
4. Ganiyev, Abdulla. Alisher Navoi Tashkent: Ma’naviyat, 2006. The symbol of national revival.
Musurmonova Saodat To’lqin qizi, Uzbek by nationality, was born in the Uzun district of Surkhandarya region. TERMIZ UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMY AND SERVICE FACULTY OF PEDAGOGY AND SOCIAL HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES PRIMARY EDUCATION STUDENT OF THE 3RD YEAR HOLDER OF INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATES MENTAL ARITHMETIC TRAINER FAVORITE TEACHER OF MANY STUDENTS