Rashidova Shohsanam, 1st-year student, Faculty of Philology, DTP

INTRODUCTION

Ancient Greek literature occupies a unique place in the history of human thought. One of its highest peaks is the tragedy “Oedipus Rex” created by Sophocles. This work went far beyond its own era and became a universal masterpiece expressing the struggle between human destiny, will, reason, and fate. “King Oedipus” is not only a treasure of Greek culture but also one of the foundations of world dramaturgy. Aristotle, in his Poetics, considered “Oedipus Rex” the model of a perfect tragedy. This article analyzes the philosophical content of the tragedy “Oedipus Rex”, its dramatic structure, the problem of human destiny, and its significance in world literature.

MAIN PART

The History of Creation and Summary of the Work

Sophocles lived and created in the 5th century BC.

Philosophical Depth

The tragedy explores the complex relationship between fate and human will. Oedipus is intelligent and just, yet he reaches the destiny he wanted to escape. His tragedy is not only external but also internal—his spiritual struggle reveals the limits of human understanding.

Themes of sight and blindness also carry symbolic meaning: the blind prophet Tiresias “sees” the truth, while the physically sighted Oedipus is spiritually “blind.”

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Dramatic Structure

The play reflects the ideal tragic structure described by Aristotle. Each scene is built on strong dramatic conflict. The Chorus plays the role of the moral voice of society. The language is simple yet rich with symbolism, and the dialogues reveal the characters’ inner worlds.

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Oedipus – a Symbol of Truth-Seeking

Oedipus becomes a symbol of humanity’s endless desire for truth. Even when the truth is painful, he refuses to run from it. His tragedy is the tragedy of knowledge—the courage to know.

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Global Significance and Influence

The tragedy greatly influenced world culture and psychology. Freud’s “Oedipus complex” emerged directly from this myth. Existentialist thinkers such as Sartre and Camus, and poet T. S. Eliot, found deep philosophical meaning in the work.

Today the tragedy remains one of the most performed plays in world theatre.

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CONCLUSION

Sophocles’ “Oedipus Rex” is a masterpiece that searches for answers to humanity’s eternal questions. It reveals the conflict between human destiny, reason, belief, and the pursuit of truth. Through the figure of Oedipus, Sophocles invites humanity toward moral responsibility and the courage to know the truth.

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REFERENCES

1. Sophocles. Oedipus the King (translated from Greek). Tashkent: G‘afur G‘ulom Publishing, 1983.

2. Aristotle. Poetics. Tashkent: Fan Publishing, 1979.

3. Freud, S. Totem and Taboo. Theory of the Oedipus Complex. Moscow: Nauka, 1990.

4. Karimov, N. History of World Literature. Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2008.

5. Tohliyev, B. Fundamentals of Literary Theory. Tashkent: O‘qituvchi Publishing, 2015.

Rashidova Shohsanam Alisher qizi Denov Tadbirkorlik va pedagogika instituti filalogiya fakulteti 1 -kurs