With a sound resembling the soul’s return to itself.
In the space where time does not exist,
The question walks barefoot,
Searching for a meaning
Like a pulse without a body,
Or a dream
Unsure whether it is seen,
Or merely recalls having seen us before.
There,
Where the beginning meets the end,
Silence rises like an ancient sage,
Smiles at our bewilderment,
And says:
“Everything you lose returns,
But in a form you do not recognize.”
I sit within myself,
As if listening to a breath
The soul retrieves from a depth
Beyond life and death,
And beyond the notion that the universe has a face
We see only when we close our hearts.
And in the moment when thought becomes weightless,
And pain turns transparent,
I understand that presence
Is not what we live,
But what passes through us
And leaves its trace,
As if it were the only truth
That never grows old.
Taghrid Bou Merhi is a Lebanese–Brazilian poet, translator, editor, and literary figure whose voice has become a bridge between cultures across the Arab world, Latin America, Asia, and Europe. Born in Lebanon and residing in Brazil, she has built a distinguished career marked by linguistic mastery, artistic depth, and a commitment to intercultural dialogue. Fluent in multiple languages, she has translated 49 books and more than two thousand poems, articles, interviews, and critical texts, making her one of the most prolific Arab translators of her generation.
Bou Merhi is the author of twenty-three books spanning poetry, short stories, essays, and children’s literature. Her works—known for their lyrical intensity and philosophical resonance—have been translated into forty-seven languages and included in over two hundred international anthologies. She has participated in nearly fifty global anthologies with poems and reviews, and her contributions frequently appear in international magazines, newspapers, and literary platforms.
Her editorial experience is equally extensive. Bou Merhi serves as President of CIESART Lebanon and holds leading positions in several cultural and literary organizations around the world. She has acted as an international judge for the Walt Whitman competition for three consecutive years and is a prominent officer for international cultural relations in multiple global institutions. She has also served as Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Raseef 81 Magazine and currently works as a contributing editor for Pencraft Literary Magazine.
Throughout her career, Taghrid Bou Merhi has received numerous prestigious international awards honoring both her poetry and her translation achievements, including the Naji Naaman Award, the Nizar Sartawi Translation Award, and the Nian Zhang Cup Prize. Her writing is recognized for its emotional richness, philosophical depth, and unwavering commitment to humanistic values. Today, she continues to promote cultural exchange through her poetry, translations, and global literary engagements.
“MANAGEMENT AND CAREER PSYCHOLOGY IN THE MODERN WORLD: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS”
Urinova Robiyabonu
Student of Andijan branch of Kokan University
ANNOTATION
This article analyzes the current issues of management and career psychology in the modern world. Globalization, digitization, changes in the labor market and the demand for new competences have a significant impact on the management system. The methods of positive psychology and emotional intelligence are proposed as a solution to the problem.
Key words: career psychology, globalization, competencies, positive psychology, emotional intelligence.
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes current issues of management and career psychology in the modern world. Globalization, digitization, changes in the labor market and the demand for new competencies have a significant impact on the management system. Methods of positive psychology and emotional intelligence are offered as a solution to the problem.
Keywords : career psychology, globalization, competencies, positive psychology, emotional intelligence.
INTRODUCTION
Management psychology is the relationship between the manager and the employee, motivation,
studies the leadership style and the psychological environment within the community. Career psychology analyzes a person’s choice of profession, professional development, obstacles in work and motivational factors. In the current conditions, these two areas are closely related to each other, and the effect of one of them is directly related to the development of the other. The importance of studying this topic is that in many organizations, the lack of leadership skills, the motivation of employees decline, difficulties in adapting to digital technologies and uncertainty in choosing a career are encountered in everyday life as a practical problem. Analyzing the topic on a scientific basis allows us to offer real solutions to these problems.
MAIN PART
As a result of the rapid changes in the modern labor market and management technologies, attention to the human factor is becoming stronger. The correct use of the psychological approach in management processes not only increases employee efficiency, but also serves the sustainable development of the organization. At the same time, in today’s conditions, there are a number of problems related to management and career psychology, which are one of the most urgent aspects of this field. Unhealthy psychological environment in society. Hostile relations between employees it leads to hiding information from each other, transferring information in a changed form. Even information and its re-transmission can be found as a form of revenge. The personal quality of employees participating in the exchange of information. Weakness of memory. It was found that a subordinate employee remembers 50% of the given information, while the leader remembers 60%. Therefore, when receiving information, it is necessary to clarify, repeat and record it. [1, B.116]
In today’s organizations, managers are required not only to give orders, but also to think strategically, to inspire the team, to communicate, to make joint decisions, to manage the process of change. However, in many organizations, leaders do not have the emotional state, communicative culture, and the principles of modern leadership. This leads to tension, misunderstanding, and a decrease in motivation in the team. Analyzing issues related to the relevant mechanisms, it proves that a person’s stable social skills, values, life position and strategy are the main factors that cause management learning.
In order to increase the effectiveness of management, it is necessary to organize leadership development programs. Special trainings for leaders: courses such as “team management”, “conflictology”, “emotional state” should be established. Listening to the opinion of employees by leaders, creating an atmosphere of respect and trust ensures psychologically healthy management.
In many organizations, employees do not have complete information about their future position, growth opportunities, and evaluation criteria. The abstract nature of the career system causes instability, dissatisfaction, slowness in professional development, and a decrease in motivation among employees.
It is necessary to develop road maps that clearly regulate career development, job requirements and growth stages. It is necessary to regularly analyze the evaluation system.
The introduction of artificial intelligence, robotics, and automated systems creates psychological problems among employees, such as fear of technology, feeling useless, digital fatigue, and resistance to change.
It is necessary to introduce strong educational programs for increasing digital literacy in organizations. It is important to introduce new technologies step by step, to establish experience sharing processes. It should be consistently explained that the main task of technologies is to ease the work of the employee, not the employee. In the process of changes, listening to the opinion of employees increases the level of psychological adaptation. Motivation is one of the main psychological factors of the enterprise’s efficiency. In order to increase motivation, it is necessary to create internal incentive systems, a culture of positive communication, rewards for efficiency, a comfortable working environment and a healthy team communication system. Accepting the suggestions of employees, appreciating their opinions, and recognizing their successes will increase their self-confidence.
A social psychological experiment is a goal-oriented communication between the examiner and the subject for the purpose of studying social phenomena. The experimenter, that is, the examiner, creates special conditions for all communication to take place and collects facts based on a clear plan under these conditions. As in general psychology, there are different types of natural and laboratory experiments in social psychology. An example of a natural experiment is the research conducted by the Russian pedagogue A. Makarenko on team formation and organization. American psychologist M. Sherif investigated the phenomena related to intergroup relations in natural conditions based on a special plan. His main goal was to study the psychological reasons for the emergence of various conflicts in a temporarily organized community – summer vacation camps.
The laboratory experiment was usually conducted in special conditions, in special rooms, with the help of the necessary tools and equipment. For the first time, the Russian scientist Bekhterev conducted social psychological research in laboratory conditions. Using special tools, he studied the accuracy of perception, the quality of memory, the characteristics of observation, individually and in group conditions, and the presence of a group Proved that it directly affects the mental processes of the member.
The laboratory experiment was later carried out by B.G.Ananev, Ye.S. Kuzmin, V.S. Merlin, V.N. Myasishev, L.I. It was further improved by Umansky and others, and the apparatus method began to be widely used in social psychology. For example, the homeostat by F.D. Gorbov and M.A. Novikov, integrators for the group created by L.I. Umansky appeared and began to be widely used in the literature for the investigation of a group of phenomena. For example, the group homeostat checks whether the actions of the group members are compatible. is an arrow that can be turned in any direction, and the examiner watches the movement of each one. But they are given the following task: “You turn the arrow in such a way that your movement matches that of others, otherwise, because of your carelessness, the whole group will be punished.” experimentally proven. [3, B.45-46]
Such experiments show that when a common rhythm appears in the group, the participants begin to adapt to each other by themselves. Even if no one gives them specific instructions, people’s natural desire is not to deviate from the general flow and to adapt to the team. For a modern person, work is not just a source of income. Many people want to feel how useful they are in society. The motivation of a person who can find an answer to the question, “have I entered?”, is more stable. A meaningless job increases mental fatigue and dissatisfaction. On the contrary, an employee who works with a clear goal: distributes his energy correctly, can make long-term plans, manages the career path in a conscious manner. Another important psychological basis of management is trust. in the environment; the employee can freely express his opinion, has the courage to introduce new things, is not afraid of mistakes, does not force what the boss says, but understands it. The formation of trust is related to the honesty of the leader, stable decisions and adherence to justice.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I can say that in the modern world, management and career psychology is an important direction that ensures the development of organizations and employees, putting the human factor in the center. For effective management, the emotional intelligence of leaders, the ability to motivate and transformational leadership styles are of great importance. Such an approach makes teamwork effective, creates a positive psychological environment among employees and reduces stress. guarantees the stable and successful operation of the support organization.
DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ ORAL, WRITTEN, AND MULTIMODAL SPEECH IN MOTHER TONGUE LESSONS USING TEXT AND DIGITAL RESOURCES
Tokhtayeva Muqaddas Olimovna Jizzakh State Pedagogical University Preschool and primary education faculty Primary education direction 2-year 811-Group student Xadjimusayeva Nilufar Scientific leader: Jizzakh State Pedagogical University PhD in philology, associate professor
Annotation: this article highlights the importance of using text and digital resources in the development of oral, written and multimodal speech of students in native language lessons. The study analyzed the effectiveness of the development of speech activity of students through the use of a multimodal approach, that is, various semiotic systems such as text, image, audio and video. Also presented in elementary students are methods aimed at the formation of multimodal thinking, advantages and practical results of the use of digital resources. The results of the study showed that classes organized using multimodal resources significantly increase students' ability to communicate, express and think creatively.
Keywords: native language, multimodal speech, digital resources, oral speech, written speech, text, student activity, primary education, methodology. Introduction: In the current era of globalization, the formation of complete feedback, communication and creative writing skills in the native language of students is one of the priorities of education. While native language classes previously mainly emphasized oral and written speech, there is now a growing need to develop multimodal speech, that is, speech forms that are expressed on the basis of text, image, sound, video and digital elements. The multimodal approach encourages students to actively participate in the course process, attracts their attention, facilitates the process of remembering and analyzing the studied topic. Therefore, the development of students’ oral, written and multimodal speech by harmonizing textual and digital resources in mother tongue lessons is considered an important scientific and practical topic. Main part: Since oral speech is now slow in students, various methods for its development are being tested and put into practice. Why does speech really lag behind development? First of all, if we are looking for an answer to this question. There will be several reasons why speech does not develop: 1.Lack of vocabulary richness. The vocabulary should be sufficient to freely represent speech. Readers are unable to express their opinion clearly and colorfully due to limited vocabulary. In this case, they are often based on short and repeated sentences such as “I don’t know”, “it’s difficult”. 2.Lack of communication environment. The speech activity in many cases depends on the student’s environment. Without the ability to practice language at home or at school, students remain passive in speech. 3.Psychological barriers. Some students find it difficult to find a word due to fear, shyness, feeling uncomfortable when speaking. This reduces speech activity. By creating a warm and supportive environment by the teacher, positive stimulation reduces this problem. The development of students’ speech in mother tongue lessons should not be limited to grammatical knowledge. The Moderna educational process requires to train the student to actively communicate, express his opinion through text, audio or video. Text resources (stories, proverbs, poems, dialogues) expand the linguistic richness of readers. Digital resources (interactive presentations, video lessons and audio materials) develop speech through vision, hearing and perception. The multimodal teaching method has the following advantages: it teaches students to think logically and creatively.; increases the expressive richness of speech; facilitates the receipt of information in various forms; it gives the teacher the opportunity to relive the course of the lesson. This approach harmoniously develops students’ reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. In conclusion, the problems that prevent the development of oral speech are multifaceted, and in their elimination, not only the individual state of the student should be taken into account, but also teaching methods, communication environment and psychological states. To solve these problems, an integrated approach is necessary — techniques that combine vocabulary, grammar, listening comprehension, motivation and an interactive environment. We also took the shortcomings of the above educational methodology as a problem. In my opinion, the remaining problems can also be eliminated with the help of the methodology of a native language teacher. In this regard, A.R.Saifullayev, M.Halomirzayev, R.Saifullaeva, N.Kuhatov, A.Gülomov, B.Kabulova, N.Kasimova, M.The theoretical views that the kadyroves informed science are considered to be of importance. The teacher must set the study assignments for the students in such a way that each of them must be learned by the student. “It is necessary to create conditions for independent learning of the student, not to teach!”, D.Yolandeva. We list below some of the methods that serve to form oral speech.1. The role of working with text. The reader is taught to create an oral statement from a written text. This skill is exactly necessary in real life – in conversation, argument, presentation, oral exams. There are also different ways to take it. a) re-articulation:
a simple narrative text is given
the reader remembers it and re-expresses it verbally
other readers listen and evaluate it Example: text: “Nigora helped her by seeing a bird falling out of her nest on the way back from class.” The reader verbally said, “it was his goodness that Nigora helped by seeing a bird on the road”. b) make a statement by changing the form. Verbal expression by changing the person, time, style of the text: Example: text: “I took a book to read from the library.” He changed: “he took books from the library.” (3rd Person, past tense Oral: “he took a book from the library yesterday, he was fun.” c) into paragraph The reader is given one simple sentence. On the basis of this sentence, he orally draws up a paragraph of 3-4 sentences Example: sentence: “children are playing football.” Oral argument: “the weather is good today. The children went out to the stadium after class. They are playing football. Everyone is happy.”
Communication environment and the role of motivation. The student’s speech activity often depends on the state of mind and the external environment. When interest is aroused, he begins to speak more freely. a) role-playing dialogue(role-playing game Students are given life situations. Each student verbally expresses their role Example: buyer and seller in the store. These exercises stimulate the student to compose a speech that is appropriate and free to the situation. b) debate and debate (debate Students are divided into subgroups. Positive and negative thoughts on one topic are spoken verbally. Through the argument in the middle, speech activity increases Example: “should we keep the water, not?” Group 1: “it is necessary, because there is no life without water” Group 2: “Sometimes it does not happen, because in our daily life it is very necessary.” c) assignments based on personal experience The reader is asked to tell a personal story. This opens up his emotional world, freedom of speech increases Example: “tell me about the day you are most remembered.” Experience: we have also developed a method for 3rd graders whose oral speech is not well formed. This method is as follows: you can perform the method 8-10 minutes before the end of the lesson. On several pieces of paper, the word courage or truth is hidden and put on the board. The reader goes to the board and chooses one of the papers. If the word truth chooses the paper in which it is hidden, it speaks to its own will. For example, he can also tell some interesting story in his life or tell about the topic. If the word courage chooses the paper in which it is hidden, a situation is given by the teacher or the student, and the student must make a speech in the same position. For example, who will you see yourself as in the future? You can say Tell us that you got into that situation. That is, similar life situations are given. For 3rd grade native language classes, this method was tried. In the beginning, when there was time for two students in one lesson, after three to four lessons, five students in one lesson became talkative.
Week Total students Number of students who participated Number of students who spoke orally 1-hafta 20 3 1 2-hafta 20 3 2 3-hafta 20 5 4 4-hafta 20 6 5
At the very beginning, students were also hesitant to go out to the board and talk. Out on the board only looked at the ground. Those who tried to speak were also confused, unable to speak their thoughts in order. I would say that this method, which was carried out for four weeks, gave a good result of 80-85%. Even struggling to talk about himself, the readers were able to talk about various life situations, much pressing their excitement. The more diverse, interesting the lessons, the more passionately the child begins to learn it. What to do in the development of oral and written speech of students using text and digital resources, what ways to apply effective and to prevent problems, I will mention the following suggestions.
Regular introduction of multimodal tasks in native language lessons (text + image + audio).
Train teachers to effectively use digital didactic tools.
Development of a national methodological guide for multimodal teaching for elementary students.
Development of criteria for assessing multimodal competence at each class stage. In place of the conclusion, it should be said that since the excellent oral literacy of our future specialists has risen to the level of the main issue of the day, we must contribute to achieving this not only in the lessons of native language and literature, but throughout the educational activity. “The development of speech is not only the task of native language science, but also the current task of the family and the public today.” (A. Gülomov, M. Kadyrov, M.Ernazarova and others, 2012)speech development is a necessary tool for successful communication not only in scientific and academic activities, but also in everyday life. It also has a positive effect on the personal and professional development of students. List of literature used: 1.Askarova, M. (2014) issues of Uzbek linguistics, materials of the scientific theoretical conference. – T.222. 2.Kasimova, K. S. Matjonov and b. (2009) native language teaching methodology. (Pp. 167, 301-303). 3.Yolandeva D (2021). Methodology for teaching the Uzbek language. – Durdona publishing house. 4.Kholmatova, O. O. K. (2023). COGNITIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT OF QUANTITY IN UZBEK FOLK PROVERBS. Oriental renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences, 3(7), 292-299. 5.Gulomov A, et al. Methodology for teaching the native language. – T.: “Science and technology
Lian, R. (2022). The Effects of Multimodal Teaching for Primary Students in L2 Primary School Classrooms. Atlantis Press.
Linder, R. (2024). Multimodal Resources and Approaches for Teaching and Learning: An Integrative Literature Review. Education Sciences, 14 (9), 10-10.
Hadizadeh, A. (2025). Exploring the Impact of Multimodal Language Learning Activities on Oral Skill Development: A Study of in-Class Oral Speech, PowerPoint Presentations, Video, and Blog Projects. Journal of Language Research, 9(1), 52-72. 9.Turšynbaeva, A. (2024). Teaching Speaking Through Multimodal Texts in English. Field-Foreign Education.
Dada, C. (2025). Integrating Technology for Multimodal Literacy in English. NIU Humanities Journal. 11.Khairullaeva, M. (2023). The influence of digital educational technologies in the elementary grades on the development of speech. Journal of educational innovation, 3(2), 44-49.
Is political time, is archipelago time. “Why should we have half the islands on one time & the other half on another when they’re only fifteen minutes apart?” So some adjusted the local IDL with an eastern bulge while others moved it westwards. On Taveuni
Island, in the Fiji archipelago, one can stand across the actual Prime Meridian, have one foot in today, the other in yesterday. Then, without moving an inch, have one foot in to- morrow while still balancing in today.
wingding
Pigeons & buses jostle for space
in the eye of the hurricane.
alt-Zen
Seeking peace from a piece of pizza.
Intelligent Design
He considered poems to be a form of get well cards, was always upset that they never came in addressed envelopes.
A note
Being an expat- riate doesn’t
mean being an ex-patriot. I
still cling to my country of origin.
Fender Bender
A within-subjects study is investi- gating whether using multidose vials or old-school flash cards is
more efficacious. Both are some- what pointless, & may be hazardous. Even dead batteries can still produce
some electricity. It’s why, to overcome its innate low speeds, a Pokémon of Sassy nature welcomes Bitter berries.
A bully. Liar. Con man. Lifelong cheat. Convicted felon. No respect for law. Uneducated voters think he’s God— or sent by God to fix an unfair world where being male and white is not enough. They call on God—the other one, on high— to bless their hatred with prosperity. And God—the one in D.C—answers prayers by suing foes, unleashing private armies on immigrants, and posting diatribes.
But now the presidential crown’s at risk. Epstein’s ring of wealthy pedophiles provokes the cry, “Release the Epstein files!” He stalls, resists, twists arms— then flips. Agrees. In videos and photos, Don and Jeff are partying together, side by side. So—yes, he says he’ll do the big reveal. But will the files be whole– or missing chunks, with names redacted, segments lost or trashed? And Epstein’s dead. Convenient. He can’t talk.
You think we’ll finally see hard evidence that “grab ‘em by the pussy”—basic rape, two dozen charges, one conviction– rape has always been a hobby? Would an isle of teen-aged girls be catnip to this tom? Release the Epstein files? He signed the bill. But will we ever see them? Sure! When hell- fire freezes solid, grocery prices fall, and health care is available to all. His handlers won’t finance a losing game.
