Uchechukwu Onyedikam (italic)
Christina Chin (plain)
1
harp-lute
a run of melody
widening
the baby lulled
to sleep
2
watching
two shadows
behind the stacked
wood pile
newborn puppies
3
the soul
entwined with
Gángan
the rhythm of pounding
prophecies
4
harmonic
phrasing of a dialect
unfamiliar jargons
scripted in my
prescription slips
5
twilight corner
all the memories
in the shade
skylight glimmers
the illipe nut canopy
Broken
We are broken from previous years
We are broken and weak
Do not come with gifts and close mind
We cannot believe words
Because was never said
We are broken
With several wounds
We try to fix ourselves
Love
Is a word
That nobody understands the same way
Love
Give
Protect
Understand
Respect
Heal
Rebirth
We are broken
Not ready to move
In this life
Don’t play with Human hearts
Devotion to Art — The Path to Victory
On the international success of Laziza Sherzodbek qizi Usmonova
Today, the youth of Uzbekistan are achieving great heights not only in science, but also in art, sports, and many other fields, proudly representing our nation on the international stage. It is particularly heartening to see a growing number of talented students in children’s music schools gaining recognition.
Among such gifted individuals, Laziza Sherzodbek qizi Usmonova holds a special place. She is a 6th-grade student at the Piano Department of the Andijan City Children’s School of Music and Art No. 1. With her deep love for art, dedication, and hard work, she has achieved numerous successes.
Recently, Laziza won first place at the prestigious international competition-festival “AD LIBITUM” held in our country. This victory is the result of her thorough preparation, stage confidence, and deep focus on music. All evaluation criteria of the festival confirmed her well-developed performance skills.
Laziza was admitted to the music school in 2019, and over the years, she has participated in many events and competitions at school, city, regional, and national levels. Each of her performances has captured the attention of audiences and judges. Throughout her creative journey, she has been awarded several top prizes at both national and international festivals.
Her musical education and creative development have been significantly influenced by her class teacher and mentor, Lyudmila Vasilevna Ogay. Her teacher’s guidance, pedagogical approach, and patience have become important pillars in Laziza’s artistic journey.
It is also worth noting that Laziza’s achievements are deeply supported by family love, care, and encouragement. In particular, the conditions created by her grandmother, Nodira Jabborova, play a vital role in nurturing Laziza’s musical education and realizing her creative potential.
Currently, Laziza is successfully continuing her studies both at the music school and in her general education school. Additionally, she is paying special attention to learning foreign languages — an important step toward becoming a well-rounded individual.
As part of the competition, Laziza had the unique opportunity to perform on the stage of the renowned Organ Hall of the State Conservatory. Performing in such a venue is a dream for any young artist. Therefore, sincere gratitude is extended to the organizers of the competition and to all those who are opening the path of artistic growth for the younger generation.
Undoubtedly, talented youths like Laziza are the result of the ongoing reforms in the art sector in our country. Their accomplishments are a source of pride not only for themselves, but for our entire nation.
We look forward to seeing many more achievements from Laziza Usmonova in the future. We are confident that her musical path will be bright and that through her art, she will continue to elevate Uzbekistan’s name on the international stage.
Nozima Gofurova is a student of Uzbekistan Journalism and Mass Communication University.
To you…
I loved you….
A spring that bursts from the bosom of winter…
Our love, a symbol of blooming, fragrant flowers!
I loved you like a sick person,
My eyes sparkle with love.
Others do not understand or know my pain,
You are the medicine for my pain, my beloved…
I am calm, if you are with me,
My sick heart finds comfort…
If you are with me, fear is a stranger,
Only for you, my dear wish!
Qaraboyeva Zilola Abdumalik daughter was born on September 17, 1995 in the Sergeli district of Tashkent.
The main principles of the division of words into categories in the language under study
Student of Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Abdullajonova Rayhona Arabjon qizi
Abdullajonovarayhona874@gmail.com
+998886630603
Scientific Supervisor: Odina Ismanova
ANNOTATION. Die Klassifikation von Wörtern in Wortarten spielt eine zentrale Rolle beim Spracherwerb, insbesondere beim Erlernen der deutschen Sprache. Diese Arbeit untersucht die grundlegenden Prinzipien der Wortartenzuordnung im Deutschen unter Berücksichtigung didaktischer, linguistischer und kognitiver
Aspekte. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt der Bedeutung von grammatischen und semantischen Merkmalen sowie der Rolle des Kontextes beim Lernprozess.
Annotation. The classification of words into parts of speech is crucial in language acquisition, especially when learning German. This paper examines the core principles of word categorization in German, taking into account didactic, linguistic, and cognitive aspects. Special attention is paid to the importance of grammatical and semantic features, as well as the role of context in the learning process.
SCHLÜSSELWÖRTER: Wortarten, Sprachdidaktik, Deutsch als Fremdsprache, Grammatik, Sprachlernen, Semantik, Syntax
KEYWORDS: Parts of speech, language didactics, German as a foreign language, grammar, language learning, semantics, syntax
In the process of learning a language, the ability to correctly understand words and divide them into categories is one of the main competencies for the learner.
Especially when learning German, correctly distinguishing parts of speech (Wortarten) is important for improving language structure and clarity. Each word belongs to a certain category according to its meaning, form and function in the sentence. This article analyzes the linguistic, didactic and cognitive framework for word categories in the case of the German language. It also discusses the challenges
encountered in the learning process, ways to overcome them and effective teaching strategies.
1. The concept of Wortarten and its necessity. There are 10 main categories of words in German: Substantiv (noun), Verb (verb), Adjective (adjective), Adverb (ravish), Artikel (article), Pronomen (pronoun), Numerale (number), Präposition (preposition), Konjunktion (connective), Interjektion (vowel). These categories of
words differ according to their mutual meaning, morphological and syntactic signs.
For example, nouns always change with gender, number and verbs, respectively, according to person, tense and date.
2. Criteria for the separation of parts of speech. Formal criteria: By means of these criteria, a category is determined on the basis of the appearance of a word, that is, its morphological forms (flexions). For example, words ending in the suffixes “-heit, -keit, -ung” are considered Substantiv: “Schönheit”, “Bewegung”. Semantic criteria:
Based on the meaning of a word, it can be divided into a specific category.
For example, action words (gehen, sprechen) are usually verb. Syntactic criteria: Determined on the basis of the place of a word in a sentence and its relationship with other words. For example, nouns are most often accompanied by the article: “Der Hund”, “Ein Buch”.
3. Problems that arise in the learning process. For those who are learning, the German flexion system may seem quite complicated. Some words can be used in more than one category:
“Laufen” (verb): I run every morning.
“Das Laufen” (noun): Running is fun.
In addition, the meaning and category change depending on the context:
“Good” (adjective): a good person
“Good” (adverb): It tastes good
4. Didactic approaches. In learning German, you can increase the effectiveness of the teaching of parts of speech through didactic methods. The following approaches are particularly important:
Thematic approach: Words are selected based on topics
that are relevant to the students’ interest (e.g., “Friendship”, “Sports”, “Family”) and they are taught in context. With this approach, the student learns vocabulary on the basis of semantic groups. Gramma-based approach: The morphological features of each word group (e.g., the arrival with an article, the change of the verb with tenses)
are explained consistently. This approach allows you to thoroughly master German grammar.
Communicative Approach: Words are taught through real-life
conversations, dialogue, and role-playing. This method ensures the active participation of students and helps in the practical application of grammatical knowledge.
Visual Approach: Words are explained using pictures, diagrams, and
diagrams. This is especially effective for readers whose visual perception is strong.
Teaching via Interactive Technologies: Conducting interactive exercises, online tests, and simulation classes using multimedia tools will engage students in the classroom.
Integrative Approach: New words are taught in a way that is integrated with listening comprehension, reading, writing, and speaking competencies. This approach harmonizes activities in four languages.
5. Analysis by Case Studies. The following words are used in different categories based on context:
“Because” (conjunction): I’m staying at home because it’s raining.
“Weile” (noun): After a while he came back.
“Noch” (adverb): I still have time.
“Still” (particle): It’s even bigger than I thought.
6. Cognitive Approach and Psycholinguistic Factors. The use of schematic theory, chunking and input flood methods in dividing phrases into groups according to the process of memorization and comprehension of learners is effective. In particular, perception through sight and hearing (multimodal input) increases efficiency.
Correct recognition of parts of the German language and solid handling, play an important role in improving the language competence of the learner. Through parts of speech, the grammatical construction of the language becomes understandable, the possibility of clear expression becomes possible in the construction of sentences and speech development. A harmonious application of interactive, thematic, grammatical and communicative approaches in the learning process increases the motivation of the students.
Also, working with words that have multiple meanings and context, teaching them in a practical way in the classroom will serve to
thoroughly master the language. It is important for teachers to use modern didactic methods, to use multimodal approaches in the lessons, to offer assignments that enable students to think independently and perform grammatical analysis. Teaching
strategies based on comprehension through logical connections and context, not just memorization, give higher results. In conclusion, a deep understanding of parts of speech develops not only grammatical knowledge, but also communicative skills and makes the process of mastering the language effective.
REFERENCES
1. Duden – The Grammar. 9th edition. Mannheim: Dudenverlag, 2016.
2. Helbig, G./Buscha, J. (2010): German Grammar. Ein Handbuch für den
Ausländerunterricht. Langenscheidt.
3. Eisenberg, P. (2013): Grundriss der deutschen Grammatik. Stuttgart: Metzler.
4. Zifonun, Gisela et al. (1997): Grammar of the German Language. de Gruyter.
5. Hentschel, Elke / Weydt, Harald (2002): Deutsche Grammatik. Berlin: de Gruyter.
6. Durrell, Martin (2011): Hammer’s German Grammar and Usage. Routledge.
7. Thurmair, Maria (2013): Exercises on German Grammar. Hueber Verlag.
Digital game metrics and textbooks
Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
4th year student Gafurova Mahbuba
mahbubaalisherovna @gmail.com
+998946812826
Supervisor; Isomuddinova Durdona
ANNOTATION: This article analyzes the role and significance of digital game materials and textbooks in modern education. The educational process considers the positive aspects of digital games in increasing student engagement, strengthening knowledge and increasing motivation. The article provides information on methods of working with textbooks based on modern digital technologies, their advantages and disadvantages
АННОТАТЦИЯ:материалов и учебников в современном образовании. Рассмотрены положительные стороны использования цифровых игр в образовательном процессе: повышение активности обучающихся, закрепление знаний и повышение мотивации. Также приведены методы работы с современными цифровыми учебниками, их преимущества и недостатки.
Keywords: digital game, interactive textbook, instructional technology, teaching materials, modern lesson
Ключевы слова: цифровая игра, интерактивный учебник, образовательные технологии, учебные материалы, современный урок
Today, digital technologies penetrate deeply into every aspect of our lives. Especially in the education system, the opportunity to facilitate the learning process of students and make it more interesting is expanding thanks to digital game materials and modern electronic textbooks. The fact that interactive tools serve to develop students’ skills for independent thinking, critical analysis and problem solving is fueling interest in this field. This article extensively covers the advantages of digital game materials and textbooks, their influence on the educational process and their application in practice.
Digital games – innovative approach in education. With digital games, students can be encouraged to be active, reinforce knowledge, learn to think quickly. For example, digital quizzes or problem-solving games used in maths lessons keep children interested and deepen their knowledge.
Advantages of digital textbooks. Fast and easy access to information. Easier to understand with visual and audio materials
Reinforce knowledge through interactive lessons
Methods of using digital tools in the teaching process.
Teachers choose methods appropriate for different age groups through the use of digital games and interactive tutorials when planning a lesson. For example, in elementary grades, more picture and sound games are used, and in higher grades, tests and simulations are used. Disadvantages of digital games and textbooks
The need for expensive technical means.Internet addictionPotential for Readers to Be Distracted.Readers’ Feedback and Analysis of Results.
Based on surveys and experience, it was found that student participation increased by 40% in lessons using digital games, while the level of comprehension of lesson materials improved significantly.
With the development of digital technologies, fundamental changes are also taking place in the field of education. Traditional classroom methods are being replaced by modern, interactive and technological solutions. A special role in this process is played by digital game materials and textbooks. They not only capture the students’ attention but also allow teachers to organize the lesson effectively. Especially during the pandemic, with the development of the distance education system, the need for digital tools has grown even more. In this article, the advantages of digital games and textbooks, the methodology of their use and their effectiveness in education are widely discussed.Digital game materials in education: opportunities and advantages Digital games are interactive platforms through which students actively participate in the acquisition of knowledge. For example, in language learning programs, it is possible to increase vocabulary, develop logical thinking through mathematical games. This type of game has the following advantages:Increases motivation.Creates an active learning environment.Provides feedback capability.Encourages independent learning.
Digital textbooks and their advantages Digital textbooks consist of text, video, audio, and interactive assignments, providing more options than traditional textbooks. Thanks to them, the student can at any time review the material, independently study what he does not understand. Also, their interactivity makes the learning process liven.Methods of using digital games and textbooks in the educational process The following methodological approaches are important in the process of using digital games and textbooks:Choosing a game or app that matches the lesson topic.Proper time planning.Organize group work.Development of final evaluation system.Cons and Problems of Using Digital Tools Like any medium, digital games and textbooks have their problematic aspects:Lack of technical means.Internet addiction.Spending too much time in front of a screen can have a negative impact.Prospects of digital educational tools It is expected that games and textbooks based on artificial intelligence, AR/VR technologies will be widely used in the future. Thanks to them, the individualization is strengthened, the quality of education increases and the level of knowledge of students increases.Conclusion Digital game materials and textbooks are becoming an important link in the modern education system. Thanks to them, the learning process becomes not only effective, but also interesting and motivating. The use of such tools in the correct methodology gives an important role in improving the level of knowledge of students.
References:
Azizkhodzhaeva N.N. “Pedagogical technologies”. Tashkent, 2020.
Khamroev A. Samarkand, 2021.
Prensky, M. (2001). Digital Game-Based Learning. McGraw-Hill.
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge.
Yusufjonov D. «Interactive textbooks and their effectiveness». Andijan, 2022.
Gee, J. P. (2003). What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy.
OECD (2020). The Impact of Digital Learning in Education.
UNESCO. (2021). Digital Learning in the 21st Century.
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). E-learning and the Science of Instruction.
Salomova M. “Methods of effective use of digital education”. Tashkent, 2023.
Student Life
Student life is a sweet feeling,
A time brimming with energy and enthusiasm.
The doors to new knowledge,
Open on every page.
In the land of knowledge after school,
We will proceed with a pure heart.
Each lesson brings new hope,
Setting new goals for ourselves.
Wonderful conversations with friends,
Events and celebrations take place,
Exploration and dedication to learning,
Student life is the most amazing feeling.
Each exam is a new test,
We will climb to the peak of knowledge.
Studying and striving with energy,
We will build a bright future.
Jo‘rayeva Marjona Baxtiyorovna was born on October 18, 2003, in the Termiz district of Surxondaryo region, Uzbekistan. She is a third-year student in the Uzbek language and literature department at the Faculty of Foreign Language.