Word Formation in English and Uzbek: An Analysis of Common Suffixes                                                           

Olimboyeva Dilaferuz Azamat qizi                                                

Uzbekistan State World Languages University                                                              

alijonolimbayev99@gmail.com

Abstract

This article presents a comparative linguistic analysis of word formation in English and Uzbek, with a focus on the role of suffixes in both languages. While English demonstrates a blend of Germanic and Romance derivational strategies, Uzbek, as an agglutinative language, relies heavily on regular suffixation patterns. The study explores the typological, semantic, and functional aspects of suffixation in both languages. Particular attention is paid to how suffixes contribute to lexical expansion, grammatical categorization, and stylistic variation. The findings are relevant for translation studies, language acquisition, and bilingual lexicography.

Keywords

Word formation, suffixation, morphology, English, Uzbek, derivational processes, language typology, translation, affixation, comparative linguistics. Word formation is a fundamental aspect of language development and linguistic creativity. It encompasses the methods by which new lexical items are produced from existing morphemes. One of the most prominent and productive methods of word formation in both English and Uzbek is suffixation—the process of adding morphemes to the end of a root word to create new meanings or grammatical categories.

Despite significant typological differences between English and Uzbek, both languages extensively employ suffixes to expand their lexicon. English, being a morphologically simpler and more analytic language, uses suffixes that are often derived from Latin, Greek, and French. Uzbek, on the other hand, belongs to the Turkic language family and follows an agglutinative structure, where suffixes are attached in a regular and transparent manner.

This paper investigates the types, functions, and productivity of common suffixes in English and Uzbek, and evaluates their roles in word formation, translation, and second language learning. Suffixes in English are divided into two primary types: inflectional and derivational. While inflectional suffixes modify a word’s grammatical function (such as -s for plurals or -ed for past tense), derivational suffixes create entirely new words by changing their lexical category or meaning.

Among the most productive derivational suffixes in English are:-ness, which converts adjectives to nouns (e.g., happy → happiness);-tion, which forms abstract nouns from verbs (e.g., inform → information);-er, which often denotes agents or instruments (e.g., teach → teacher);-ly, which typically turns adjectives into adverbs (e.g., quick → quickly);-less and -ful, which express the presence or absence of a quality (e.g., hopeful, hopeless).

These suffixes serve both grammatical and semantic purposes. For instance, the suffix -tion adds an abstract, nominal quality to a verbal root, making it suitable for formal, academic contexts. The productivity of suffixes like -ness and -er is evident in neologisms and in creative language use, particularly in media, advertising, and literature. However, some suffixes in English present phonological or orthographic challenges. The addition of a suffix may lead to stress shifts (e.g., photograph vs photography) or spelling changes (e.g., happy → happiness).In Uzbek, suffixation is highly regular and is a dominant mechanism in word formation.

Unlike English, which incorporates many borrowed affixes, Uzbek suffixes are largely native and function within a transparent system governed by vowel harmony and phonological rules. Common noun-forming suffixes in Uzbek include -chi (used for agents or professionals), -lik (denoting abstractness or collectivity), -kor (indicating a person inclined to a particular action or value), and -garchilik (which often adds a sense of intensity or continuity).Examples include:o‘qituvchi (from o‘qit – “to teach”) with the suffix -uvchi indicating agency;do‘stlik (from do‘st – “friend”) with -lik denoting a state or condition;ilmiy (from ilm – “science”) with the suffix -iy used to create adjectives.

Uzbek also employs suffixes to form adjectives and verbs. Adjective-forming suffixes such as -li, -siz, and -iy express possession or lack of qualities (e.g., yurakli – “brave,” umidsiz – “hopeless”). Verb-forming suffixes like -lash, -lan, and -ish allow for the creation of causative, reflexive, or reciprocal verbs (e.g., tozalash – “to clean”).One of the key characteristics of Uzbek morphology is the ability to stack multiple suffixes sequentially. For example, a single root may take on several suffixes to produce complex word forms, such as o‘qituvchilikdagi (“in the teaching profession”), which incorporates suffixes for agent, abstract noun, and locative case.

Despite structural differences, suffixes in both languages serve similar semantic and grammatical functions. Both languages use suffixes to form agentive nouns, abstract concepts, and adjectives, although the morphological processes and frequency of use differ significantly. In English, suffixation is often influenced by borrowed forms, and productivity varies by register and context. For example, academic language frequently employs Latinate suffixes like -tion and -ity, while colloquial language may favor -er and -ness.

Uzbek suffixation, by contrast, is grounded in native morphological rules and exhibits high regularity. The meanings of Uzbek suffixes are typically more predictable, and their usage is closely tied to the phonological structure of the language. Another key difference lies in the complexity of suffix chaining. English words typically contain a single derivational suffix, whereas Uzbek words can include multiple suffixes in a chain, with each adding a specific grammatical or semantic layer.

In terms of second language acquisition, Uzbek learners of English may find the irregularity and etymological opacity of English suffixes challenging. Conversely, English speakers learning Uzbek may struggle with the rules of vowel harmony and the extensive use of affixes in expressing grammatical relations.

Understanding the function and scope of suffixation in both languages is essential for accurate translation and effective bilingual dictionary compilation. In many cases, there is no direct formal equivalence between suffixes. For example, the English suffix -ism may require a descriptive paraphrase in Uzbek depending on the context, as in individualism → shaxsga asoslangan qarashlar.

Moreover, suffixes carry stylistic and cultural connotations. Some Uzbek suffixes, such as -garchilik, may sound overly formal or archaic in certain contexts, while their English equivalents might be more neutral. Thus, translators must not only match grammatical categories but also register, tone, and communicative intent.

For language learners and educators, emphasizing high-frequency, productive suffixes and illustrating their function in context can greatly facilitate vocabulary acquisition and comprehension. Suffixation plays a vital role in the lexicon-building systems of both English and Uzbek. While the morphological structures differ—English being more analytic and Uzbek agglutinative—the underlying linguistic functions of suffixes show striking similarities. Both languages utilize suffixes to form nouns, adjectives, and verbs, as well as to express abstract meanings and agentivity.

Through this comparative study, we observe that suffixation reflects not only grammatical processes but also cultural and cognitive patterns in language use. Further research might focus on corpus-based frequency analysis, suffix productivity in contemporary media, and the role of suffixes in the development of academic and technical vocabulary. Understanding suffixation in a cross-linguistic context enhances our ability to translate, teach, and learn languages more effectively, while also deepening our appreciation of the structural richness and expressive capacity of human language.

References

1. Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.

2. Plag, I. (2003). Word-Formation in English. Cambridge University Press.

3. Bozorov, O. (2008). Hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tili morfologiyasi. Toshkent: O‘zMU nashriyoti.

4. Nurmonov, A. (2010). O‘zbek tilida so‘z yasash. Toshkent: Fan nashriyoti.

5. Aronoff, M., & Fudeman, K. (2011). What is Morphology? Wiley-Blackwell.

6. Bauer, L. (1983). English Word-Formation. Cambridge University Press.

7. Hudoyberganova, D. (2016). Ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida affiksal so‘z yasalishi. Toshkent: TDPU.

Cis

Previously published in redrosethorns

“It’s magic,” the girl squealed with delight; the sunrise was amazing. It was the first one she’d seen this year, or even the year before, she said. Meghan had been sequestered away from her friends and family for what seemed like years but which in reality had been only four weeks. Her friend Darla stood near the window with Meghan and watched the sun peep over the horizon, the pinks and magentas giving way to the oranges and yellows of the fiery ball of unspent hydrogen. An azure sky provided the perfect backdrop to the palette of vivid rainbow hues.

While Meghan gazed, enraptured, Darla’s eyes were swimming with tears of sorrow. She couldn’t fathom what her friend, younger than her by one year, had gone through over the past month. Meghan had been abducted and kept hidden away at some horrible “camp,” the unwilling target of a conversion therapy engineered by her parents and her minister to make the fifteen-year-old cisgender.
– – –
Meghan awoke with a start. There were two strange men in her bedroom, plus one that she knew–Pastor Bob. Before she could speak, Pastor Bob said. “Get dressed, Meghan.” He tossed some garments onto her bed.
“What…?” she began.
“C’mon,” said the minister curtly, yanking the sheets down, revealing her nakedness.

Meghan grabbed for the sheets, but without effect. Before she knew what was happening, the two strangers seized her from her bed and began dressing her, like a child, in sweats. Where were her parents? she wondered wildly. She cast her eyes about the room and saw by her clock radio that it was only 3am.

“I’m not going anywhere with you,” she said, finding her voice at last. In response, one of the men turned her around, pushed her down against the mattress and bound her wrists with those plastic ties they affixed to the wrists of criminals when taking them into custody. As a final degradation, one of the men stuffed a thick cloth, smelling of alcohol or gasoline or something, into her mouth. Next, they pulled her to her feet and marched her from the room.

The trip to what Meghan came to regard as “The Camp” was a long one. Bound and on the floor of a van, she didn’t know in which direction they had set out.
– – –
“Dar’, look at the sky,” said Meghan, marveling at the rising sun. “It’s God’s work,” she insisted. “All good things come from the Almighty One.” She turned to regard her friend.
“That’s right, Baby, it’s beautiful,” replied the older girl.
“What is it, Dar’, what’s wrong? You’re crying.”
“Tears of happiness,” lied Darla.

At this Meghan smiled widely. “I’ve got a date tonight with Timmy. Do you think he’s cute?” Then an awkward pause. “Oh, I’m sorry, Honey, for a moment I forgot that, well…” Tim Fisher was a member of the congregation to which Meghan and her family belonged.
Darla held her breath. She was afraid she would receive the lecture about how “broken” and “dysfunctional” and “abnormal” non-binaries and other LGBTQs were. She’d already heard it twice before. For whatever reason, Meggie didn’t go on about it this time. Darla took this as a positive sign.

Darla grew wistful, remembering the almost one year during which the girls had existed as secret teenaged lovers. Whether it was lying close on the beach or in bed or innocently holding hands at a school event, the sweetness of the experiences remained fresh in Darla’s mind. Her thoughts returned to the present and the awful dilemma before her.
Several days after Meghan had returned from the conversion camp, when she was finally allowed visitors, she had confided in her friend about what occurred during her 30-day hiatus.
– – –
Meghan leaned against the wall of the cold, windowless room into which she’d been deposited upon her arrival at The Camp.
“Stand up straight!” bellowed a harsh voice from a speaker on the wall.
She sprang erect again but, after shifting restlessly from one foot to the other, she leaned on the wall again and then finally, sat on the floor. Time and again the PA screamed for her to come to her feet but at length, she ignored it.

Into the room burst a matron, dressed in nurse’s white, but Meghan knew she was no nurse. “Get to your feet, Meghan!” she shrieked. But when Meghan refused to comply, the woman beat her viciously with a broomstick.
“Ow, shit!” rasped Meghan, coming instantly to her feet. But still the beating continued, over her calves and thighs and arms. “Why are you doing this?” screamed the 15-year-old, whose parents had never so much as spanked her.

“You’ll learn,” snapped the matron, delivering a final blow to Meghan’s arm, drawing a thin trickle of blood. “You’ll learn to get your mind right!” she said.
Darla also remembered how her friend told her that she had been subjected to perpetual indoctrination, endless talk, both one-on-one and in a kind of group setting.

A man in a doctor’s smock, who didn’t give his name, but who wore a stethoscope about his neck, as if for effect, addressed Meghan and two other “students” in another windowless room, this one with a sofa, on which they all sat.
“Gays and lesbians are filthy,” he told them. “STDs, AIDS and other maladies of Biblical proportions, have decimated the ranks of young people over the last four decades.”

Meghan watched another girl, her age, nod in agreement with the doctor. She wondered if the girl were a plant.
“I am so much happier now that I’m back on the hetero track,” said another young woman. “I was led astray for a while,” she went on, “but God saved me. God loves you, Meghan, and He won’t let you down. Just trust in Him, alright? Our whole lives are ahead of us. We can have many, many babies!” she gushed with a sort of dreamy look.

Meghan, after innumerable, endless such encounters, found herself nodding in agreement. She wanted to believe, to be a part of the prevailing culture, to forsake the life she’d left behind.
Remembering these revelations, Darla touched Meghan tenderly on the arm, but the other girl recoiled as if stung. Darla let her hand fall to her side.
“Thank you,” said Meghan stiffly, “for understanding,” and then turned away, stared at her reflection in her dresser mirror.

“What are you thinking, Meggie?” asked Darla, concern and love for her friend in her voice.
Megan smiled shyly, replied, “Whether or not I’ll let Timmy kiss me tonight,” and she giggled. Darla forced a smile. The difference between Meggie when she first came home and this morning was much more than just night from day.
– – –
“They gave me shots,: she’d told Darla. “I don’t know what they were but they made me dopey, like I’d drunk a six-pack or smoked a joint. It’s weird, Dar’, but I started to look forward to them.”
Darla had met another girl, who had also been a resident at one of the camps, who told her that they put a small bit of some addictive substance–morphine? heroin?–in with the psychoactive drugs which reduced the victim’s natural resistance to suasion. The stories had made Darla’s blood boil but even now she didn’t know what to do about it. She was only 16.

A final tale was the most harrowing of all.
Meghan lay naked on a bed in yet another windowless room, her wrists bound behind her with metal handcuffs. Into the room came one of the camp’s other students, a boy Meghan’s age, who stood and stared down at the helpless girl. She heard him unbuckle his pants and soon he was brutally raping her. When she begged him to stop, he told her to tell him he loved it. When she refused, he pulled her hair violently, tearing some of it out by the roots until she complied.

“I love it,” she cried, weeping.
“I knew you would. It’s all a matter of muscle memory,” he remarked, and chuckled. This trauma was replicated that evening, then the next day and the next.
But now, Meggie didn’t seem to recall any of the abuse, torment and torture she had suffered at the hands of her inquisitors at the camp. That had bewildered Darla when she first stepped into the bedroom today. By observing Meggie closely she could reach only one conclusion: her closest friend was heavily medicated.

After their first meeting following the camp, Darla hadn’t been allowed back for several days. She wondered if there was a camera or a mic hidden in Meggie’s bedroom. Her eyes scanned the walls and ceiling inquisitively. Meggie was speaking. Darla looked back at her friend.
“Ooh!” said Meggie, “I’ve got to get dressed, I’ve got a meeting with my pastor in just 30 minutes!” She looked a little harried. So that was it, thought Darla. She was attending “refresher courses” of supplemental brain-washing. Meggie, Darla decided, was in their eyes still but a work in progress. The last thing that Meghan had told Darla, just after returning the week before, was the identity of the teenaged rapist: it had been Tim Fisher, her date for the evening. The enormity of the situation left Darla stunned and afraid.

“You’d better go, Dar’.” murmured Meggie softly. “Mom said you shouldn’t stay too long today…” Darla turned and opened the door. “I love you, Darla,” said Meghan warmly. Darla turned and stared at her friend wistfully, hopefully, for a moment. Then Meggie blushed and added, “I mean, like a cousin, of course.” Easing into the hallway, Darla closed the door silently behind her.

Exploring Imagination, Innovation, and Inspiration: My Journey at ANIM CAMP 2025

In the heart of the majestic Bo‘stonliq mountains in Tashkent region, something extraordinary unfolded in May 2025 — ANIM CAMP, a vibrant week-long animation and creativity camp that brought together 200 talented and curious young minds. Organized by United Soft in partnership with the Youth Affairs Agency of Uzbekistan, the camp promised much more than a break from daily routine — it offered a chance to dive into the world of animation, technology, and personal growth.

As one of the selected participants, I had the privilege to live, learn, and create in an inspiring environment that blended natural beauty with digital exploration. Here’s a detailed glimpse into what made this camp such a transformative and unforgettable experience.

Days 1–3: The Future is Here — Artificial Intelligence and Creativity

Our journey began with a deep dive into one of the most talked-about and rapidly evolving technologies of our time — Artificial Intelligence (AI). The first three days of the camp were dedicated to understanding the foundations of AI and how it’s revolutionizing the creative industry, especially animation.

We didn’t just study theory — we explored how AI tools can be used to design posters and visual content. It was fascinating to learn how machine learning models can assist artists, generate visuals from prompts, and turn simple ideas into stunning artwork. We experimented with AI-driven design platforms and created our own posters, blending technology with artistic expression.

These sessions opened up a new world of possibilities for us. For many participants, including myself, it was the first time seeing AI as a creative companion — not just a technical tool, but a new way of thinking and storytelling.

Day 3: Learning from the Masters of the Industry

As the third day continued, we had the honor of meeting expert guest speakers from United Soft, Lola Animation, and Media House — three leading names in the Uzbek media and animation industry. These professionals didn’t just share their resumes — they opened up about their creative journeys, career challenges, and what it takes to thrive in this competitive field.

We discussed emerging trends in animation, the growing demand for interdisciplinary skills, and how to stay relevant in a fast-changing world. The sessions were filled with practical advice and real-life insights, inspiring us to dream big and keep pushing our creative limits.

Day 4: Practice, Projects, and Professionalism

On the fourth day, the focus shifted towards hands-on learning and teamwork. Our lessons continued as usual, but with a deeper emphasis on collaborative projects and real-world applications.

One of the key projects launched was “Keyframe uz” (Ctrl+Z) — a creative team challenge that required us to brainstorm, plan, and begin working on an original animation concept. We started building ideas, assigning roles, and discussing technical strategies. The experience of working in a team — learning to listen, lead, and adapt — was one of the most valuable takeaways of the camp.

Additionally, we explored VFX (Visual Effects) as a career direction. We examined the workflow used in the industry, the level of discipline required, and the importance of consistency and attention to detail in post-production work. It was both eye-opening and exciting, especially for those of us who dream of working behind the scenes in film or digital media.

Day 5: Soulful Reflections with Erkin Bozorov

Just when we thought the camp couldn’t get any more inspiring, Day 5 gave us a beautiful surprise — a motivational and cultural session with the beloved poet and speaker Erkin Bozorov.

Held in a warm and welcoming atmosphere, the session focused on themes of self-discovery, purpose, creativity, and resilience. Mr. Bozorov shared personal stories and reflected on the challenges young people face in finding their path.

His words encouraged us to trust our instincts, stay disciplined, and embrace our uniqueness.

But the highlight was his reading of motivational poems, which captivated everyone. His voice, filled with emotion and wisdom, left a deep impression on us all. We engaged in a heartfelt conversation, asking questions, sharing thoughts, and connecting as a community of learners and dreamers.

What Made ANIM CAMP So Special?

From dawn to dusk, ANIM CAMP 2025 offered a perfect balance of education, creativity, and joy. Each day was carefully designed to encourage exploration, collaboration, and personal development. Some of the most remarkable features of the camp included:

 Daily animation and AI workshops

Hands-on poster design using artificial intelligence tools

Masterclasses by industry experts and professional animators

Creative group activities, games, and challenges with prizes

Opportunities to present projects and receive feedback

Delicious food and a cozy camp atmosphere

Inclusive participation for both girls and boys, promoting equality in creativity

 Motivational sessions to fuel ambition and purpose

Final Reflections: More Than Just a Camp

ANIM CAMP was not just a camp — it was a gateway to possibility. It gave us access to resources, mentorship, and experiences that many young creators only dream of. More importantly, it gave us the confidence to believe that our ideas matter and that we have the tools to shape our futures.

For me, it was a turning point — a place where I learned not only how to animate, but how to dream boldly and create fearlessly. I left the camp with new skills, amazing friends, unforgettable memories, and a renewed sense of direction.

To every young person who wants to explore their creative potential: opportunities like ANIM CAMP are where your journey begins. Don’t hesitate — step into the world of animation and let your imagination come alive.

Surayyo Nosirova Elyor qizi was born on May 13, 2006, in the Narpay district of the Samarkand region, Uzbekistan. From an early age, she showed a deep interest in literature, languages, and creative expression. Her passion for learning and writing became evident during her school years, where she actively participated in various academic, literary, and cultural activities. Currently, Surayyo is a sophomore student at the Uzbekistan State World Languages University, specializing in English Philology and Teaching. She is known for her strong academic performance and her dedication to mastering the English language. Her commitment to education extends beyond the classroom—she is the author of three published books: Heartfelt Thoughts, Voices in Writing, and Beyond Words: Mastering English. Each of these works reflects her insights into language learning, writing skills, and the emotional depth of student life. In addition to her books, Surayyo has written numerous articles.

The Role of Women in Society

A woman is an embodiment of endless courage, a symbol of beauty, and the flower of society. Though she may carry the burdens of the world behind her smile and feel hunger herself, she strives to show fullness for the sake of her children. She is a creation perfectly and beautifully made, capable of subduing sultans and elevating servants to the status of kings. When we hear the word “woman,” an image of a graceful figure full of unique qualities and strength immediately comes to mind.

Now I want to ask: *What is a courageous woman? What kind of image does the phrase “courageous woman” evoke in your mind?* I approached these questions and the role of women in society by portraying them through the figure of one woman.

Imagine a fragile girl deprived of her father’s love since birth, forced to live away from her siblings, and separated from her mother during the sweetest moments of her life under various oppressions. Although she may seem mature outwardly, she remains a delicate soul deprived of parental affection. Can you imagine how deeply painful such a fate is? Such hardships are trials of destiny.

The most important thing is that in such moments, a person must remain patient and never give up. She was always grateful even in the hardest times, believing that these were trials sent by God and that their rewards would be great.

For example, despite the disapproval of her close ones, she did not surrender and, while appearing to be going to work every day, she took entrance exams for the university she desired. To everyone’s surprise, she was admitted to a state-funded pedagogy program in Physics and Informatics!

Here, I want to highlight the insightful words of Chingiz Aytmatov, who said: “When I speak of an ideal woman, I always put intellectuality first. Mental capacity, of course, too. The ideal is formed gradually, based on long and numerous observations.”

Indeed, to call someone ideal, we must consider that she has been shaped and refined through life’s continuous challenges. However, fate did not always grant her peaceful days. After marriage, she faced separation from her siblings and had to move to a distant region. She endured numerous hardships and even escaped death several times.

Not only did she lose her loved ones, but constant separation from her fragile infants exhausted her immensely. Yet, these hardships strengthened her resilience and motivated her to strive to rise from the boiling cauldron of cruelty. It is often said that every difficulty carries some good within it.

By God’s will, she overcame all obstacles and now feels His boundless mercy, raising her two children with love and instilling good values in them. For 30 years, she has been working in her field, contributing greatly to the development of society and setting a worthy example.

This woman is my jewel, my paradise — my mother. For me, she is the most unique and courageous woman, the ideal human being, and no words can fully express her beauty. She is my light — my mother.

Not only for me but for all humanity, a mother is the most revered figure. We all understand well the invaluable role of mothers in our lives, and through my mother’s life journey, I have realized how powerful mothers truly are.With this short story, I want to say that women are not as weak as some may think. On the contrary, they are strong and perfect individuals capable of achieving every dream they set their minds to and even more. Therefore, every woman holds an invaluable place in society.

I can say this through the example of my mother, Baymuratova Salomat, who, with her patience and courage, overcame all obstacles in her life and reached great heights.

As E. Senankur pointed out: *“If our hearts are pure, the word ‘woman’ becomes a symbol of grandeur for us.”*

By the way, the importance of respecting women has been emphasized by Lope De Vega, who said that *“Respecting a woman is a duty that every sincere person should observe from birth.”* Amir Temur also highlighted this by saying, *“I tried to treat women as kindly as possible.”*

Indeed, women are the backbone of a nation. Every woman, through the upbringing she gives to her children, either lays the foundation for a bright future country or ruins its promising prospects.

Because a woman’s nature is strong, she is capable of performing both noble deeds and, unfortunately, crafty acts. Therefore, the place of women in our society is invaluable.

The Qur’an also recognizes how honorable and precious women are. No matter how much we cherish and respect them, it will never be enough.

After all, Paradise lies under the feet of mothers.

For this reason, I want to express my deepest respect and love to all women, to the unique mothers, and to my own sun-like mother, the source of kindness and warmth in my heart.

My teachers Shokhida Yusupova, Laylo Bakhtiyorova, Sarvinoz Xasanovna, Asrorova Gavhar, Raxmonqulova Saida, and Yaxshiboyeva Yulduz, as well as my hardworking sister Feruza Turdiboyeva, the winner of the “Woman of the Year 2021” contest, all hold invaluable places in my life and in my journey to become a useful member of society.

Moreover, thanks to the initiatives of our country’s leadership, the high attention paid to women is continuously increasing our role in society’s governance, and all the created opportunities are yielding positive results.

Every woman’s awareness of her rights and finding a worthy place in society is a key step towards the rise and progress of every nation.

Bibixanifa Jumanazarova Uktam’s daughter was born on May 15, 2007, in Zomin district, Jizzakh region. She is the holder of multiple international certificates. Additionally, she holds a B2 level CEFR certificate in English and a B+ level national certificate in Uzbek language. Due to her excellent academic achievements, she graduated from school with a gold medal.

She is the author of The Diamond Pages anthology and has written numerous scientific and journalistic articles.

A Pair of Feet “Caring” for a Lawn

There exists a strange group of beings,

Whose brains are said to have been blown away by the wind,

Whose souls are said to have been eroded by the rain.

They have only a pair of eyes,

A pair of feet,

And a mouth that claims a “free spirit”.

They love stepping onto the lawn,

Then stare at each other,

And keep using their mouths to accuse the sky—

“Follow the sound of my voice and look at me,

I’m the one most deserving to exist.”

Take one of them, for example:

It saw a pair of feet among the others,

Trample a blossom,

And its mouth instantly cried out:

“The flower is innocent,

The flower is pitiful,

Let’s speak up for the flower!”

Then it kept wandering,

Saw another pair of feet crush a foxtail grass,

And its mouth again cried out:

“The foxtail grass is innocent,

The foxtail grass is pitiful,

Let’s speak up for the foxtail grass!”

A large tree reminded it:

“Hold on—before you care about the foxtail grass,

That flower hasn’t been helped back up yet.”

Its mouth immediately cried out:

“The flower’s issue is in the past,

The foxtail grass is today’s breaking news,

Stop moral coercion,

Be like me—call for truth, goodness, and beauty…”

The tree continued:

“It seems like your kind says things like this every day.”

Its mouth instantly cried out:

“I don’t know,

I didn’t hear it,

I am what I am,

And I love peace…”

The tree covered its face:

“Then what about the grass you yourself trampled in the lawn?”

Its mouth instantly cried out:

“I’m only ‘caring’ for the lawn with my feet,

I never harm,

The fallen grass is a setup, a malicious frame-up…”

The tree said:

“I’ve had enough.

Each of them paces the lawn every day,

Blaming each other, bragging about themselves,

All believing their behavior is original…

I’d rather rot at the roots,

Than stay here any longer…”

8th of MARCH

(Women’s day celebration)

Tastes of falsehood

the smell of these flowers

offered by the hands

that so many times

left marks on my body

as many as the clouds in the sky

on a winter day

nor do I recognise

this smile of yours

marked by wrinkles

of a man who faces life

dragging with him

heavy the burden of impiety

Printed in my mind

your evil gaze

say when

you blame me 

for things never said or

things never done

pouring over me

your failures your defeats

I tell my pain

to the wind

the will to go

stifled inside me 

the cold you brought into my heart

chilly like the wind of Buran

the darkness in my soul

like the arctic nights

and ripped you have my hope 

and all my dreams

Of me

of the woman of yore

just a portrait remains

hanging on a wall

in this faded-walled house

where I wander as in a limbo

BECAUSE I AM LOVE

I wish I could sing
to cheer your mornings up
be a painter 
to portray your face
write poems to tell 
of my love for you
be joyful and bubbly
to colour of pink
your gloomy hours

Be lovely and
you proud of me

or clay to shape
according to your desires

And I could be fond of the sea
not to fear the storms
if you were a sailor
and devotedly wait
your coming back
from distant lands
because I am Love

RESEARCH AND YOUTH: MODERN APPROACHES AND PROMISING DIRECTIONS

Maftuna Rustamova

Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara region

Abstract:

This article analyzes the role of young people in scientific activity in modern society, its problems and solutions, as well as innovative approaches to the development of science. Practical proposals are made to increase interest in science among young people, motivate them, and realize their scientific potential.

Keywords:

Young scientists, scientific research, innovation, education, modern technologies, progress, encouragement.

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The 21st century is the century of information, technology and science. The future of every society depends, first of all, on the knowledge, thinking and scientific potential of the younger generation. One of the priorities of the state policy towards youth in the Republic of Uzbekistan is to involve them in scientific activities and support young scientists.

Main part:

1. The need to increase young people’s interest in science

Today, scientific progress around the world is developing at an unprecedented pace. However, most young people are not pursuing scientific activities, but rather pursuing practical, profitable fields. This is especially noticeable in the technical and natural sciences.

The following are being implemented in Uzbekistan to address this problem:

The activities of the Youth Academy and Councils of Young Scientists are being strengthened;

The number of scientific competitions and grants is increasing;

International conferences and internships are being organized.

2. Science and innovation: an integrated approach

Today’s youth are not only creating theoretical knowledge, but also creating practical results through innovative, startup projects. For example, scientific developments in the fields of IT, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and ecology are not only generating scientific articles, but also bringing economic benefits.

The following are important:

Developing STEM education;

Increasing digital literacy;

Promoting scientific thinking among young people.

3. Obstacles to scientific activity and their elimination

The main obstacles faced by young people in their scientific research are:

Lack of sufficient academic mentors;

Poor scientific article writing skills;

Limited financial resources.

Suggestions:

Establishing a “Youth Science Club” at each university;

Free seminars on writing scientific articles;

Organizing a “Young Scientists Forum” at least once a year.

4. The future of science is in the hands of young people

Today’s young generation is growing up with the internet, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies. For them, science is not just about the laboratory, but also about knowledge exchange on the global network, online courses, and international cooperation.

For example, access to platforms such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Scopus is helping to unlock the scientific potential of young people.

Conclusion:

Arousing young people’s interest in science is the task not only of the state, but also of every teacher, scientific supervisor, and parent. Scientific progress begins with young people and is strengthened through their research. The bright future of our country is certainly in the hands of knowledgeable and inquisitive young people.

References:

Resolutions and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan ( www.lex.uz )

UNESCO Youth and Science Global Report, 2023

Google Scholar article database

“Youth and Scientific Research” – National University of Uzbekistan Publication, 2024

https://scholar.google.com

Maftuna Rustamova, Bukhara region, Jondor district, Secondary school number 30, 9th grade student