This morning is weary, exhausted by squatting on the platform of waiting.
In vain it searches for the secret of absence, and rummages in the ambiguity of words, asking the letters: Who assassinates the glimmer of longing, Who tears the bond of promise from the calendar of the exciting night? For the evening is now weary, No stars, No moon, No love, No dreams! Everyone gasps for breath in the void, And the void follows the void, Grabbing its jaws wide, Devouring hopes and joy! The question remains tormented, Lamenting at the end of the question: Does love rust? And how do the flowers of reunion die?! And why does distance sprout leaves On the branches of absence? Nothing is clear here, Except my crucified question, In the pain of lips: (Whyyyyyyyyyyyy)??!!
Poet/ Aisha Al-Maharabi Aden City Republic of Yemen Bachelor of Philosophy, University of Aden Married and a mother Worked in the field of teaching Participated in several Arab festivals in Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, and Jordan Hobbies: Reading and writing in the field of poetry and literature My works have been published in several Arab and foreign newspapers, and I have had several press and radio interviews. – My poetry collection, “Master of the Evening,” was published in 2013 by the University Publishing House, Yemen. – “And the Daisy Breathed” was published in 2014 by Khalid Ibn Al-Walid Publishing House. – “How to Tame Longing” was published in 2014 by Al-Jeel Al-Jadeed Publishing House. – “Stuck Behind the Eyelids of the Homeland” was published in 2017 by Fikra Publishing House. – “Peace Be Upon You, Dawn” was published by Abrar Publishing House in 2019. – “And Madness Has Its Meaning” was published by the Poets on the Window of the World Foundation for Culture and Creativity in 2023.
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH PHILOLOGY IN MODERN LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL STUDIES
Abstract
This article discusses the significance of English philology in the modern educational and scientific context. English philology is considered as an interdisciplinary field that studies the English language, its history, literature, and cultural development. The article highlights the importance of English philology in language learning, intercultural communication, and the formation of linguistic competence among students.
Keywords: English philology, linguistics, literature, language development, intercultural communication, education.
Introduction
English philology is one of the most important fields in modern humanities. It focuses on the comprehensive study of the English language, including its structure, history, literature, and cultural background. In today’s globalized world, English has become an international language, which increases the relevance of English philology in education and research.
1. The Subject Matter of English Philology
English philology combines several academic disciplines such as linguistics, literary studies, stylistics, and cultural studies. Linguistics examines phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, and semantics of the English language. Literary studies focus on English and American literature, their genres, themes, and historical development. Cultural studies help learners understand the social and cultural context of the language.
2. The Importance of English Philology in Education
English philology plays a key role in developing students’ language competence. It improves reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills. Moreover, studying literature enhances critical thinking, creativity, and aesthetic appreciation. English philology also prepares future teachers, translators, and researchers by providing deep theoretical and practical knowledge of the language.
3. English Philology and Intercultural Communication
One of the main goals of English philology is to promote intercultural communication. Through language and literature, students learn about traditions, values, and worldviews of English-speaking countries. This helps them communicate effectively with people from different cultural backgrounds and reduces misunderstandings in international interaction.
Conclusion
In conclusion, English philology is a vital field that contributes to linguistic education, cultural awareness, and personal development. Its interdisciplinary nature makes it essential for training qualified specialists who can use English effectively in various professional and social contexts. Therefore, the development of English philology remains an important task in modern education.
References
1. Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.2. Widdowson, H. (1996). Linguistics. Oxford University Press.3. Carter, R., & McRae, J. (2001). Language, Literature and the Learner. Pearson Education.
Rukhshona Kamolovna Turayeva was born on December 5, 2006, in G‘ijduvon district of Bukhara region. She graduated from Secondary School No. 8 in her district. She is currently a first-year undergraduate student at the Uzbekistan State University of World Languages. Since childhood, Turayeva has been deeply interested in poetry and literature. Her aspiration is to become a highly qualified specialist in her field and to share the valuable knowledge she acquires with future generations.
CONTENT AND ESSENCE OF INTERNATIONAL ASSESSMENT PROGRAMS
Kattakurgan State Pedagogical Institute, Student Qarshiboyeva Mavluda Azizbek qizi
Annotation: This article analyzes the purpose, structure, and impact of international assessment programs on the education system. It examines how countries shape their educational policies based on the implementation procedures and results of PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS. The article highlights the importance of international assessment programs in improving the modern education system.
Introduction. In the context of modern globalization, assessing and comparing the quality of education at the international level has become increasingly important. Every country strives to determine the effectiveness of its education system, eliminate weaknesses, and align with international standards by using various assessment programs. International assessment programs measure students’ knowledge, skills, and competencies based on objective criteria and provide opportunities for comparative analysis among countries. These programs allow policymakers, researchers, and teachers to understand the real state of the education process.
International assessment programs emerged in the late 20th century due to the need to standardize education quality globally. Organizations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) developed scientifically grounded methodologies to measure educational outcomes. Today, world-renowned programs such as PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS play a significant role in shaping educational policy and improving national competitiveness. These programs not only assess students’ performance but also provide tools to analyze various components of education systems. Uzbekistan has also actively participated in these assessments in recent years to improve its national education system.
Main Part. PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment), conducted every three years since 2000 by the OECD, assesses the functional knowledge of 15-year-old students in mathematics, reading, and science. Unlike traditional tests, PISA evaluates students’ ability to apply knowledge to real-life situations, requiring critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills. More than 80 countries participate in PISA, making it one of the most extensive assessment programs in the world.
TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), conducted every four years since 1995 by the IEA, assesses the mathematics and science knowledge of 4th- and 8th-grade students. The test is based on school curricula and measures students’ knowledge, application, and reasoning skills. TIMSS provides valuable information for improving education standards.
PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study), launched in 2001 and conducted every five years by the IEA, assesses the reading literacy of 4th-grade students. It measures students’ ability to understand, interpret, and evaluate literary and informational texts.
Differences among PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS show their unique focuses: PISA assesses functional literacy, TIMSS measures subject-based curriculum mastery, and PIRLS focuses on early reading skills. Despite differences, all three programs contribute significantly to evaluating and improving education quality.
Uzbekistan’s participation in PISA 2021 provided insights into the national education system and identified areas for improvement, particularly in functional literacy and problem-solving skills.
Research Methodology. The study employed comparative analysis, document review, and statistical analysis. Official reports from OECD, IEA, and UNESCO were used as primary sources. The structure, administration, and results of PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS were compared, and the experiences of advanced countries such as Singapore, Finland, Japan, and South Korea were analyzed. Uzbekistan’s recent participation and results were also examined.
Analysis and Results. The evaluation of international assessment programs showed that although PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS differ in their focus areas, their common goal is to assess education quality based on international standards. High-performing countries invest heavily in teacher training, modern teaching methods, and ensuring equity in education. For example, Singapore ranked first in PISA 2022 in mathematics, and TIMSS 2023 results confirmed the leadership of Singapore and South Korea in mathematics and science.
Conclusion and Recommendations. International assessment programs provide essential tools for comparing and improving education quality globally. Based on the study’s findings, the following recommendations are proposed for Uzbekistan:
Increase the share of practical tasks and real-life application materials in curricula to enhance functional literacy.
Expand teacher training programs aligned with international standards and modern teaching methods.
Establish a regular monitoring and evaluation system for learning outcomes.
Strengthening participation in international assessment programs and integrating global best practices into national conditions will support Uzbekistan’s efforts to modernize its education system and improve students’ competitiveness.
References:
OECD. PISA 2022 Results: What Students Know and Can Do. OECD Publishing, 2023.
IEA. TIMSS 2023 International Results in Mathematics and Science. IEA, 2024.
IEA. PIRLS 2021 International Results in Reading. Boston College, 2023.
Schleicher, A. World Class: How to Build a 21st-Century School System. OECD Publishing, 2018.
UNESCO. Global Education Monitoring Report 2023: Technology in Education. UNESCO, 2023.
Ministry of Education of Uzbekistan. National Education Development Strategy 2023–2027. Tashkent, 2023.
Sometimes I think How is this a life Question and answer I can not understand As like a dream world A dream a life When is it starting When is it ending First people seems Later they disappearing It is as like this place is swirl for some people An inextricable a life Some are crying Suffering agony Some are laughing Lives relaxed I could not understand How is this a life.
Türkan Ergör, Sociologist, Philosopher, Writer, Poet, Art Photography Model. Türkan Ergör was born in 19 March 1975 in city Çanakkale, Turkey. She was selected International “Best Poet 2020”. She was selected International “Best Poet, Author/Writer 2021”. She was selected International “Best Poet, Writer/Author 2022”. She was awarded the FIRST PRIZE FOR THE OUTSTANDING AUTHOR IN 2022. She was awarded the 2023 “Zheng Nian Cup” “National Literary First Prize” by Beijing Awareness Literature Museum. She was awarded the “Certificate of Honor and Appreciation” and “Crimean Badge” by İSMAİL GASPRİNSKİY SCIENCE AND ART ACADEMY. She was awarded the “14k Gold Pen Award” by ESCRITORES SIN FRONTERAS ORGANIZACIÓN INTERNACIONAL.
