FACTORS FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute

Lecturer: Rayimova Dilfuza Abdinabiyevna

Abstract This article discusses the theoretical foundations of developing students’ communication competence, the importance of mastering their native language and improving the level of speech communication skills, and highlights the system of professionally significant qualities. It also emphasizes the need to focus on methodological support for diagnosing professional mastery.

Keywords language education, ability to communicate, fostering the quality of enjoying communication, cultivating aesthetic education, developing independent thinking. The aim is to enhance student competence through such communication.

Main Part Taking into account that language develops as society progresses, the issue of enriching native language teaching with new developmental methods is becoming increasingly relevant. Students should be taught that learning and teaching the secrets of our native language through interactive and innovative methods, while ensuring deep and nationally rooted understanding, is necessary. In higher educational institutions, it is important to ensure the continuity of teaching the Uzbek language, strengthen students’ orthographic and stylistic literacy, and create mechanisms to raise language skills and communication competence to an advanced level.

The necessity of implementing reforms and modernizing the content of native language (Uzbek) education at all levels of schooling is essential. This enables students of higher education institutions to further develop their abilities of deep thinking, listening, and communicating in their mother tongue, while also applying innovative educational technologies in this process. Uzbek pedagogical scholars have underlined that developing students into well-rounded individuals requires systematic scientific-theoretical approaches. 

In Uzbekistan, purposeful and systematic measures are being carried out to improve the content and thematic quality of Uzbek language education as the national and state language.

For example, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor U.I. Inoyatov emphasizes the theoretical and organizational-methodological foundations of monitoring and managing the quality of education, stressing that one of the important factors in professional and human thinking is language and speech competence. Methodologist M. Sobirova’s fundamental research explores theoretical and practical aspects of improving professional specialization. Researcher O.A. Abduquddusov addresses integrative approaches in training young and future specialists, focusing on solutions to the problems of thinking, language, and speech. D. Yuldasheva highlights the problem of preparing specialists with professional mastery and eloquent speech. Scholars such as Ibragimova G., Azimova I., Ziyodullayeva G., and Murodova A. explore issues such as developing interactive creativity, the psycholinguistic basis for improving linguistic skills in native language teaching, the role of rule systems in shaping communicative competence, and the importance of listening and comprehension in native language learning.

Teaching our national language requires clearly explaining and instilling the unique lifestyle, ethnography, and traditions of the Uzbek people that are preserved in the language. For this, it is essential to effectively use comparison, contrast, and generalization methods and technologies in teaching. It is the duty of a native language teacher to ensure that students understand the essence of concepts and terms, which are linguistic units. Therefore, a university teacher must themselves fully master Uzbek language and speech competence.

Based on the theoretical foundations of developing communication skills among university students, it can be said that language and speech etiquette are the essence of Uzbek national life. In any time, place, or society where good behavior and proper speech prevail among members of the community, that society prospers, its living conditions improve, and peace reigns.

When addressing the issue of improving students’ knowledge of their native language and communication skills, attention should first be directed toward identifying the system of professionally important qualities. This serves as both the basis and the methodological provision for diagnosing the dynamic individuality of a professionally skilled person.

Naturally, communication has several functions. The most frequently used is the conversation between interlocutors, beginning with greetings and extending to the highest levels of communication. National characteristics also dominate communication. Among Uzbeks, from a simple and sincere greeting to parting, such features are clearly visible.

Another important aspect of communication is that it encourages activity. Particularly in the educational process, communication creates activity. To meet the need for communication, a person must master the art of speech and etiquette. Communication is carried out through verbal expression.

In our wise nation, there are many proverbs and teachings about the rules of speaking, caution in the use of language, and the importance of thinking before uttering every word and sentence. One such saying states that a person’s honor and dignity are reflected in their cultured way of speaking. If one does not follow the etiquette of speech, their humanity will not be visible. If speech is expressed appropriately and meaningfully, it is better to listen in silence. Mastery of literary language requires not only spelling but also correct pronunciation, as these are two sides of the same coin. Deviating from literary pronunciation norms is equivalent to semi-literacy in writing.

The structural elements of speech communication include:

a) transmitting communicative information;

b) acting in interactive cooperation;

c) jointly perceiving in a perceptive way.

For example, in the communicative process, when a teacher explains a topic, they first set a communicative goal and then demand interactive actions (cooperation) from students. In practical and seminar classes, as well as lectures, the teacher addresses students with various questions and evaluates them accordingly. Most students show activity in this regard, though some find it very difficult to raise their hands and answer. A student forced to respond may show uncertainty in speech at the very communicative stage. Or, even if both sides act interactively, if they do not perceive the expressed idea together, the perceptive aspect of communication is disrupted, leading to poor comprehension of the lesson. Neglecting these aspects during communication results in misunderstanding.

Therefore, developing students’ speech communication culture should be determined in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives. For example, the content of dialogue replicas forms separate units. Verbal communication is not limited to questions and answers; it also includes listening to the interlocutor, asking counter-questions, rejecting questions, encouraging action, making proposals, and so on. This requires the use of various lexical and grammatical tools and formulaic sentences. Hence, mastering speech communication (dialogue) requires a broad approach.

Our observations show that most sentences constructed and presented by students have logical connections, but the normative level of words and grammatical forms used to construct syntactic structures does not fully meet the requirements. Cases were observed where auxiliary words, word-forming, form-building, and syntactic relation-forming affixes were not used appropriately. To improve students’ native language knowledge and communication skills, teachers should encourage them to read more literary books, do more writing exercises, and develop the habit of working with dictionaries.

Therefore, developing students’ speech communication culture should be determined in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives. For example, the content of dialogue replicas forms separate units. Verbal communication is not limited to questions and answers; it also includes listening to the interlocutor, asking counter-questions, rejecting questions, encouraging action, making proposals, and so on. This requires the use of various lexical and grammatical tools and formulaic sentences. Hence, mastering speech communication (dialogue) requires a broad approach.

Our observations show that most sentences constructed and presented by students have logical connections, but the normative level of words and grammatical forms used to construct syntactic structures does not fully meet the requirements. Cases were observed where auxiliary words, word-forming, form-building, and syntactic relation-forming affixes were not used appropriately. To improve students’ native language knowledge and communication skills, teachers should encourage them to read more literary books, do more writing exercises, and develop the habit of working with dictionaries.

In higher education institutions, developing the speech competence of future specialists is crucial for encouraging creativity, carrying out projects, and fostering literary reading and writing practices. Developing students’ communication culture should be set in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives.

From modern requirements, we can identify the following main ways and requirements for developing language and speech competence of future specialists, based on the content of education:

1. A specialist with sectoral scientific-theoretical training and creativity must possess speech competence.

2. Engaging in scientific-research and experimental activities, they must be able to express the realities of their work in both written and oral forms appropriate to speech styles.

3. When introducing new technologies, they must be able to fully explain and demonstrate their specific features using professional terminology.

4. Through modern electronic media, they must be able to express virtual communication clearly, simply, concisely, and without vagueness, using national and professional styles. They must ensure the clarity and validity of information through the words they use.

Conclusion

The successful resolution of political, economic, and social tasks in society largely depends on how well each member of society knows their native language and can apply it in practice—that is, in speech situations, environments, and among people of different social groups—freely, clearly, simply, and fluently.

Cultivating in students the ability to communicate correctly, fluently, and meaningfully, while at the same time enhancing their aesthetic taste and developing their independent thinking capacity, is one of the key tasks in achieving communicative literacy and developing student competence.

References

1. www.namspi.uz universaljurnal.uz INNOVATIONS. Materials of the Republican Scientific-Practical Conference. Namangan, October 10–11, 2024. Presidential Decree No. 5850 on measures to fundamentally enhance the prestige and status of the state language.

2. Inoyatov U.I. Theoretical and Organizational-Methodological Bases of Monitoring the Quality of Education in Professional Colleges. Dissertation. Tashkent, 2003. p. 327.

3. Xalikova Sh. Problems of Improving Education and Science. Qarshi, 2022. pp. 558–560.

4. Sobirova M. Teaching Language Phenomena on the Basis of an Anthropocentric Approach. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE), Vol. 14, Issue 07, 2022. DOI: 10.9756/INTJECSE/V14I7.91.

5. Textbook. Namangan: Arjumand Media, 2023. Vol. 512.

6. Ministry of Public Education of Uzbekistan. Manual. Bukhara State University, 2013.

7. PhD Dissertation. Developing Students’ Creative Abilities. Tashkent, 2017. p. 137.

Slutty Detective: A Manifesto of Queer Revelation

Today I learned something that cracked open the cosmos a little wider: the phrase “Slutty Detective”—the name of my beloved character Kandy Fontaine, the lipstick-smeared, truth-sniffing, sex-positive sleuth—originates in the writing of Kathy Acker.

Yes, that Kathy Acker. The literary anarchist. The punk priestess of cut-up prose and radical identity. In Empire of the Senseless, she wrote:

“I was a slutty detective in a city of mirrors.” And just like that, the lineage snapped into place. I wasn’t just riffing—I was channeling.

This is more than coincidence. It’s a revelation. A reminder that queer art is a palimpsest of rebellion, a collage of voices screaming across time. My work, my characters, my obsessions—they’re part of a living archive of resistance.

I’ve been honored to share pages with Danielle Willis, Allen Ginsberg, Patrick Califia, Caitlín R. Kiernan, Poppy Z. Brite, Jan Steckel, Thomas S. Roche, Carol Queen, and Amelia G.—writers who didn’t just write queer stories, they rewrote reality. They made space for the freaks, the lovers, the gender outlaws, the sacred sluts. In the Foreword to my recent collection The Doom Hippies III: A Great Variety of Monsters, Weird Fiction legend Jeffrey Thomas compares me to the late, great Joseph S. Pulver, Sr. and William S. Burroughs himself.

And I’ve collaborated with Kari Lee Krome, the co-founder of The Runaways with Joan Jett, on songs and stories, some of which can be found in my recent collections. The songs were her and I-an absolutely surreal dream come true for someone who has admired Kari’s work for decades and spoke about it in class as a college comp instructor. The stories-Department of Youth, for example-are still being written; those were directly suggested by her when she would pop up on my Facebook message feed and call me “Mister.” If I’m lyin’ I’m dyin.

In my Queer Voices interview with Stephanie Magister, I spoke of the need for creative disruption. And now, in this age of Trump, where MAGA dreams of erasure and conformity, we must respond with radical queer anarchy. We must be slutty detectives in cities of mirrors, exposing hypocrisy, decoding oppression, and seducing truth out of hiding.

On The Smol Bear Show, I sat with cyberculture pioneer Ken Goffman (aka R.U. Sirius), a close associate of William S. Burroughs and Kathy Acker, and with Marc Olmsted, the post-Beat poet whose friendship with Allen Ginsberg spanned decades. We spoke of memory, myth, and the power of art to mutate minds.

This is our moment.

We must write like our bodies are on fire. We must create like the world depends on it—because it does. We must be unapologetically queer, defiantly erotic, and intellectually feral.

Let the slutty detective rise. Let her lipstick be warpaint. Let her trench coat be armor. Let her questions be knives.

We are the resistance. We are the remix. We are the revelation.

The era of separation

This is how it is, I tell myself

Unemployment on the roof-top

No one cares to share their lighter

To light up your cigarette anymore

My folks belong to the era

Where you shared towns

Kept the doors unlocked

As though all belonged to the same house

There is no deadline and daffodils

Mesmerize while I’m stuck decades ago

Caffeinated on cheap coffee

Scavenging the job columns

Finding fish bones and rotten spinach

Ink-died pens and scooping 

The last drops from the soup bowl

Allen Ginsberg is dead

I tell myself, no more love

Circulating around the corporate cubicles

You are on your own 

This is the era of separation

This is how it is, I tell myself

Solitude is no longer optional

Faces look kinder on the TV screen

Blessing Notes

I look at the world,

I step out

Of luxury.

I am an unspoken solace.

Who knocked me down?

Who raised me like flower?

I met thousands of walkers,

I kissed one art like life.

My departure must be happy,

I look at you,

A bare silence eating you

From within.

Expressions can fill your eyes,

And make you empty

To fill like a dance of worship.

Rejoice in expression

Buy in blessing notes,

Your own version of

The world.

Come Together

Come again

Let’s kiss the rose.

Let it bloom,

Let it not be plucked

Like the lie

That befell as a curse

By the ugly world

That tried to separate us.

There is a dark rain

That fell at night

Silent like a lost key.

I rose like holy chants

At the midnight hour.

Yes, the night was howling

The secrets of dawn

Which it foresaw as a life

In us.

The time is still passing

Like our heartbeats.

The rose will not fade

Like the unloving world.

Dying of Hunger

There is a statue,

An old one.

It has an umbrella

For the rain,

Boots for the feet,

And a smile

For the weak.

I can only relate it to

The under nourished world

Where unborn artists

Who sculpts such statues

Die of hunger

In their childhood.

Bittersweet Symphony

The evening falls,

I hear your departure.

Preaching sermons

Make me weak,

I keep chanting for your presence,

The faded photograph smiles

At my darkness.

One thin touch of remembrance

Can cure the amnesiac memory,

In love’s bittersweet symphony.

Stars sing,

The moon lays its opera.

The universe is a spiritual dot,

My mask is your honesty,

Nothing is hidden among us.

We share dreams

And the world kisses your feet.

I surrender to your footsteps

And I knock down my gate

Of unmoving walls.

Imagination spills

And lightens up the night sky.

I have created a beloved

In my poetry.

Updated Bio: Sushant Thapa has published Nine books of English poetry, namely: The Poetic Burden and Other Poems (Authorspress, New Delhi, 2020), Abstraction and Other Poems (Impspired, UK, 2021), Minutes of Merit (Haoajan, Kolkata, 2021), Love’s Cradle (World Inkers Printing and Publishing, New York, USA and Senegal, Africa, 2023), Spontaneity: A New Name of Rhyme (Ambar Publication House, New Delhi, 2023), Chorus of Simplicity and Other New Poems (Ukiyoto Publishing, 2024), Finding My Soul in Kathmandu (Ukiyoto Publishing, 2024), The Walking Rebel Micropoems and Poems (Transcendent Zero Press, Houston, Texas, USA) and My Grandfather Had Been a Cowboy (Ukiyoto Publishing, 2025). He has also published a collection of flash fiction and short stories titled “The One Rupee Taker and Other Stories from Nepal” published in 2024 by Ukiyoto Publishing. Sushant has translated a book of poems by Nepalese Poet Kamal Dhungana entitled “Dark Shadows”. It was published by Authorspress, New Delhi, India in 2022. He is an English lecturer in Biratnagar, Nepal.   

They Came（it was published by Cathexis Northwest Press） 

Tuol Sleng
like a poisonous flower
exhaling
a piercing venom. 

The palm trees swayed
beneath the faltering shadow,
a procession of bones
    

—the dead—
labeled as intellectuals. 

They came
like a gust of wind,
They came
like a herd of wild beasts.
They came
slaughter upon slaughter,
cursing Tuol Sleng,
damning its streets and rivers. 

They regarded themselves as fanatical idealists,
But never, made the place a paradise.
Passion torched it into a fiery hell. 

They came
with frantic lusts.
They came to Cambodia—
its flesh drenched in rouge. 

When Tuol Sleng opened,
Moonlight buried people
in a sunken pit of earth. 

None to cry those words:
“ They came!” 

The evil eye

One of the joys of what I shall euphemistically describe as reaching a certain age is having a doctor tell you that what’s occurred is because you’re old.

I have what he told me is a conjunctival haemorrhage. In other words, I’m safe if, in the next few days, I get into a situation where my opponents have been told not to fire until you see the whites of my eyes. My left eye has next to no white in it, is red, from a burst blood vessel.

& the reason for it? No specific reason, just age, old age — amended to as you grow older after I cast a one-eyed sideswiping glance at the doctor. Just happens, nothing you can take for it, do to it, doesn’t affect your vision. Only wait till it goes away, a series of color transformations, red through to yellow, just like a bruise.

Changeling

The small yellow

flowers brought

down by the rain

have changed the

path into / not a

path. That arti-

ficial transverse

now part of the

tree from which

the flowers fell.

On or off the highway

Able to think in

short phrases only

while long lines of

thought fly by in

the outer lane.

O sole mio

Diva. The word

is so debased

that the young

girl standing out-

side the house

where Maria Callas

used to live, sing-

ing off-key Mariah

Carey songs, has

a better than even

chance of

being called one.

Citric update

Not quite Spring by the calendar, but the temperature is in the high twenties C. — just under 80° F. — & the flowers in the pots under the awning are flush with large scarlet & white blooms. It’s warm enough for the cat to decide to stay out at night.

The citrus trees are threatening to deliver fruit. We’ve had them for about 18 months, & so far their crops have been one lemon, which was on the tree when we bought it, & one grapefruit which we can honestly claim to be our own. But the lime tree currently has lots of small fruit on it, the lemon is in flower & spreads that wonderful perfume, & the grapefruit has pushed out new leaves & has a couple of buds on it.

Mind you, this happened last year as well. Then the ants got active & managed to knock off all the young limes, & then the locusts — huge, some the size of elephants — descended upon the lemon & the grapefruit & turned them into almost skeletons. I think what was left of the lemon’s energy was taken up bringing that single fruit to – I guess I have to use the word – fruition, & that single grapefruit only survived because it grew sufficiently whilst the various armies were busy with the other offerings.

Still, although somebody knocked off the single custard apple from the tree at the bottom of the driveway — a bad growing season for them, not enough humidity in the air — we have got a few mandarins & oranges this year from the other trees in the same area. The fruit reminds me of someone, possibly myself, rough-looking on the outside, but inside, oh so sweet. & juicy.

a planetary wrong turn

with no off-ramp to the Goldilocks zone

       *

the one-eyed dogcatcher told the boy about a little green farm

       *

he prefers the original artificial taste of Rocket Pops

       *

when translating ‘summer thunder’ was a cinch

       *

locust swarms on the I-80 corridor

the HOV lane transcends

       *

the urge to answer the unknown caller

       *

before Les Mots

I played Wipe Out

on the surface of the sun

       *

a seance of pewter rain falling

an inch at a time

       *

I rushed in to tell about the silver maple leaf

independently astir in the heat 

       *

pennies on the track

how I got to know the long faces of Lincoln

       *

he couldn’t hear the bell crickets

with the air conditioner on full blast

       *

breathing the same air as the bulked-up horsefly