The role of breath in expressive reading of texts

Kattakurgan State Pedagogical Institute
Uzbek language and literature
25.03-Group student Aliyeva Zulaykho

Annotatsiya: Maqolada til va adabiyot yo‘nalishi talabalari uchun muhim bo‘lgan ifodali o‘qish praktikumi haqida,uning spetsifik xususiyatlari to‘g‘risida bayon qilingan. Bundan maqsad bo‘lajak o‘qituvchi-pedagoglarda nutqiy savodxonlikni oshirish,ifodali o‘qish ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishdir. Nafas,ovoz va tembrdan foydalanish yo‘llari bo‘yicha tadqiqot natijalari bilan bo’lishish.
Kalit so‘zlar: Mashq,ovoz,tembr,urg‘u,nafas,pauza,tadqiqot,nafas olish yo‘llari.

Аннотация: В статье описывается практика выразительного чтения, актуальная для студентов филологического факультета, и её особенности. Целью статьи является повышение речевой грамотности и развитие навыков выразительного чтения у будущих учителей. Представлены результаты исследований по использованию дыхания, голоса и тембра.
Ключевые слова: Упражнение, голос, тембр, акцент, дыхание, пауза, исследование, дыхательные пути.

Abstract: The article discusses important issues for students of language and literature. The expressive reading practicum and its specific features are described. The goal is to improve speech literacy and develop expressive reading skills in future teachers. Sharing the results of research on the use of breath, voice, and timbre.
Keywords: Exercise, voice, timbre, accent, breath, pause, research, respiratory tract.

INTRODUCTION

To read texts, works of art in an expressive, expressive way, it is necessary to pay attention to such physiological phenomena as Breath, pronunciation, voice, timbre-that is, the most important of these is breath. In the process of speech, breath adjustments between words and sentences arise-from the need to take a new reserve of air and restore a weakened breath.

Professor Nizamiddin Mahmudov,in his book “Culture of Teacher Speech”, cites the information that the famous ancient Greek orator Demosthenes could not speak beautifully and impressively, initially with a low voice, poor pronunciation, short breath. In social communication intervention, beautiful, clean and touching speech has always taken its place from the center of topical issues. Even today, there are such shortcomings among young speakers, that is, educators. Most of our scholars have conducted their own research on these issues. In particular, the teaching manual “Basics of expressive reading”, created by the S.Inomkhojayev and A.Zunnunov, recommended certain types of breathing exercises to improve breathing activity. In today’s study, we used an experimental study and tried to find solutions to issues such as breathing methods, how to get it right. This study was conducted among members of the community who were just starting to study speech science, and the results were obtained.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this experimental study, two high school seniors were selected, and during an expressive reading session, breathing exercises were performed in two different ways, and then the text was taught, in order to check who had a deeper breath, did not break quickly. In this, the first teenager was compared with the method of concentrating breathing through a counting exercise, and the second-with methods of collecting breathing through a abdominal pulling exercise. That is, a counting exercise is an exercise that initially counts from one to five. After one to five counts, the breath is taken and the exercise is continued again. The number is then increased to ten, followed by 15.20.25.The next abdominal pull-up exercise was also mastered by the second student. In this case, air will accumulate, filling the lungs with the abdomen pulled into it, and the resulting breath will have to be exhaled in sections. Through these two types of exercises, the skills of getting, Holding and controlling breathing correctly are generated. And proper control of breathing is the basis of expressive reading practice.

REVIEW OF USED LITERATURE

In the literature of medicine, three different types of breathing are indicated: 1.Breathing from the gift; 2.Chest – breathing through the abdomen; 3. Mixed breathing. When speaking, it is necessary to breathe smoothly, naturally without hoarseness, spend it at the request of the desired tone. In the tutorial “Basics of expressive reading”, created by S.Inomkhojayev and A.Zunnunov, the following five different breathing exercises are recommended to improve breathing activity:

1.Control exercise. In this case, it is carried out with the aim of controlling the correct intake of breath in a diaphragm-mixed way. In this case, while standing freely and pressing two ribs with both hands, a slow, deep breath is taken, and again slowly exhale. A deep breath raises the arm placed on the rib to two sides.

2.Abdominal pulling exercise. This is an exercise in pulling the abdomen up while “holding “ the air filled with the lungs.
3.Counting exercise (in which the methodology of studies was given in part).
4.Musajja ‘ exercise. In this case, the saj’ texts are pronounced freely, taking a breath in two or three places, and then a long breath is taken.
In S.Karimov’s book” The culture of speech and the art of Mutola”, it is said about breathing: the correct way to breathe-release is the physical basis of sound resonance. Incorrect breathing negatively affects the sound ringing, sound polishing is impaired. By developing the skill of diaphragmatic-rib breathing and using sound amplification devices, you can improve the quality of sound and make it more resonant.

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Experimental research results: breath-holding skills in expressive reading of texts have tested positive through both exercises. However, it should be noted-that the second of these methods, that is, the control of breathing through a counting exercise, showed a relatively superior result. After the rehearsals, both testers were given the text of the lecture and a request was made to read it expressively. Recent results have shown that the student who breathed through the counting exercise did not make false interruptions in the text. The purpose of this was not to read the text in one breath, but to reach the point where the thought completion was given, not to “patch” the end of the text, and in this the second method prevailed. This is due to the fact that in a counting exercise, there is a gradual increase, that is, a state of holding the breath for a longer period of time, so that each breathing interval is extended. When speaking with an expression, it is recommended to do such exercises regularly, and not at that time frame.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the characteristic that determines the spiritual status of a person is his speech. When speech loses its affectivity, logic, clarity and purity, and expressiveness, it also spontaneously affects our level among society. And in order to increase the concentration of these signs in our speech, we need to regularly perform the exercises presented above. In order to properly control breathing, it is recommended to mention riddles in combination with the above exercises, also increasing the number in one breath. Of course, there are also special guides and exercise books for speakers, the use of which will not be of use to ourselves. The platform” you tube “also has ten” Lesson of Sukhandon ” of the speaker and singer Shuhrat Qayumov. It was also in these lessons that breathing techniques were taught in detail. Hence, the main weapon of expressive speech is the ability to control breathing.

FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR RO‘YXATI

1.Nizomiddin Mahmudov (2009). O‘qituvchi nutqi madaniyati. Alisher Navoiy nomidagi O‘zbekiston Milliy kutubxonasi nashriyoti.
2.Nor’qul Bekmikrzayev (2007).Nutq madaniyati va notiqlik asoslari.O’zbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar Akademiyasi ‘Fan” nashriyoti.
3.R.Rasulov, Q.Mo‘ydinov (2015).Nutq madaniyati va notiqlik san’ati.Toshkent. 4.Suyun Karimov (2020).Nutq madaniyati va mutolaa san’ati.Samarqand:SamDu nashri.
5.Ziyoda Masharipova (2011).Ifodali o‘qish praktikumi.Alisher Navoiy nomidagi O‘zbekiston Milliy kutubxonasi nashriyoti.
6.Suxandonlik darslari. You Tube Registon TV. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2TP8Mg_Nyw