Causes of negative atmospheric change and measures to prevent it
Abstract: This article extensively discusses the negative changes in the composition of the atmosphere, that is, the factors causing this change, measures to prevent this situation, reforms being implemented by international countries, the importance of air for humanity and all living beings that need to breathe, and the role and importance of global cooperation in preventing this situation.
Keywords: Atmosphere, air, oxygen, atmospheric air, life cycle, industrial enterprises, greenhouse gases, electric energy, green plants, carbon dioxide (CO2), global cooperation.
Introduction : In our rapidly evolving world, many things have changed since the beginning of time, including changes in the environment, changes in air quality, the rise of modern buildings, the proliferation of modern technologies, and other innovations. However, not every change is 100% safe and effective. They can sometimes affect individuals, communities, regions, and the entire human world in our daily lives. One of these changes is “Atmospheric pollution,” which is now a major global problem. The atmosphere (from ancient Greek: ἀτμός – atmos – vapor and σφαῖρα – sphere) is the air envelope surrounding the Earth and rotating with it. The mass of the atmosphere is 5.15-1015 tons, which is approximately one millionth of the weight of the Earth (5.977-1021 tons).
Air is a natural mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, that make up the Earth’s atmosphere. Under the influence of air and water, important geological processes occur on the Earth’s surface, weather and climate are formed. Air is a source of oxygen necessary for the survival of almost all living organisms (see: Aerobes, Breath). From the combustion of fuel in the air, people get their It has long been used to obtain the necessary heat for living and production needs. In the past, scientists considered air to be one of the elements that make up the basis of existence. The concept of air as an independent substance persisted until the end of the 18th century. Atmospheric air is a layer of air surrounding the Earth, consisting of several different gases, a source that ensures the balance of living beings and other natural resources.
Atmospheric air gives life to humanity, as well as all living beings. Therefore, it is distinguished from other natural objects by its properties. Atmospheric air contains a number of gases, the main of which are nitrogen (78.1%), oxygen (20.9%), argon (0.9%), carbon dioxide (0.03%), neon, helium, methane, krypton, hydrogen and other gases. Atmospheric air pollution is a violation of the rules for releasing pollutants into the atmosphere, as a result of which the maximum permissible concentration of a toxic substance in the air is exceeded. is increasing. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas. It is one of the main components of the Earth’s atmosphere and plays an important role in the biosphere and climate processes. In recent decades, problems related to the level of CO2 in the atmosphere have been observed, such as climate change, an increase in the composition of the atmosphere and its negative impact.
The atmosphere is our shell of life because it contains air, and air contains oxygen, which is an important source of nutrition for all living beings that breathe. Why do we lose this precious gift for every second of our lives? Of course, these are also reasons arising from human needs, that is, for every benefit there is a loss. What do we mean by this? A person strives for innovation as long as he lives, and as a result, he can gain a lot and lose a lot. We will give examples of modern technologies that lead to negative changes in the air layer and we can see how much this affects our lives. will be.
1. Chemical industry and toxic gases
The release of substances used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries into the air – for example, toxic substances such as dioxins, benzene, and formaldehyde – poses a serious threat not only to the air, but also to human health.
2. Photochemical smog
When exposed to sunlight, automotive and industrial emissions (especially nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons) react with each other to form ozone. This lower-level ozone creates smog, which is harmful to human lungs.
3. Greenhouse gases
Gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) are increasing due to human activities. These gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, causing global warming – climate change.
4. Changes in land resource use:
Urbanization and infrastructure construction change the appearance of the Earth’s surface, affecting how heat is absorbed and released. Such changes often lead to an increase in ambient temperatures.
5. Radiation pollution
Radioactive isotopes produced by accidents at nuclear power plants or nuclear tests.
6. Bioaerosols:
These are living organisms or their parts (e.g. mold spores, bacteria, viruses) that are suspended in the air. Changes in agriculture and the environment are increasing these bioaerosols.
7. Deforestation:
Deforestation, whether for farming or grazing, or for other reasons, creates emissions because when trees are cut down, they release the carbon dioxide they have stored into the atmosphere. Since forests are carbon sinks, their destruction limits nature’s ability to reduce harmful gases in the air.
8. Use of vehicles:
The burning of fossil fuels for transportation (cars, trucks, airplanes) is a major source of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions.
9. Agricultural practices:
Large amounts of methane and nitrous oxide are produced, especially from livestock farming and the use of nitrogen-rich fertilizers. These gases are powerful greenhouse gases.
10. Burning fossil fuels: Burning coal, oil and gas releases carbon dioxide (CO₂). This gas is an important greenhouse gas, trapping heat and contributing to the warming of our planet. These are just a few examples from our lives, but there are many more and more dangerous ones that we need to prevent, which is important for us humans and, of course, for all living things.
They say that nothing is impossible for a person, and indeed, he can prevent this danger that he himself has created, but this also requires a lot of work, and it starts with a small step. Let’s look at some approaches to prevent the increase in toxic substances in the air:
1. Save energy at home. To reduce energy consumption, it is recommended to reduce heating and cooling, use LED bulbs and energy-efficient electrical appliances.
2. Changing the source of home energy. Changing the source of energy in the home, for example, switching to renewable energy sources (solar, wind) instead of gas or coal, helps reduce the impact on the environment.
3. Walk, cycle or use public transport. Walking or cycling instead of driving reduces greenhouse gas emissions and improves your health. Take the train or bus for long journeys.
4. Switch to an electric vehicle.
If you are planning to buy a new car, consider choosing an electric car as it is more environmentally friendly and causes less pollution.
5. Increase green vegetation: increase the number of trees and flowers, preserve and expand existing forests.
6. Electronics, clothing, and other things we buy produce carbon emissions during the manufacturing process. Buy fewer things, buy second-hand, repair, and recycle what you have.
7. Eat more vegetables. Eating more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, and reducing meat and dairy products can significantly reduce your impact on the environment.
8. Throw away less food. When you throw away food, you also waste the resources and energy that went into growing, manufacturing, packaging, and transporting it. When food is lost to landfill, it releases methane, a powerful greenhouse gas.
Preventing global air pollution requires global cooperation from countries. Global cooperation is the process of working together between countries, organizations, and communities on a global scale, pooling resources to achieve common goals, and finding joint solutions to problems. Global cooperation is very important in preventing negative changes in the atmosphere, because this issue is not limited to one country or region, but must be implemented on a global scale. Therefore, many measures are being taken to improve atmospheric changes, and these reforms are important steps to solve environmental problems. These steps include switching to renewable energy sources, reducing pollution in industry and transport, reducing greenhouse gases through international agreements, and strengthening environmental education. These measures serve to improve the quality of the atmosphere and prevent climate change. It has also been noted that great progress can be made in environmental protection through global cooperation and the introduction of innovative technologies, and reforms have been initiated.
Every person is responsible for the negative change in the composition of the air on Earth, so the solution requires joint and individual action. The real negative situations that occur in our lives are increasing day by day, for example, it has been proven that environmental pollution in developed countries is caused by toxic substances emitted by car engines. In some capitalist countries, for example, in Japan, due to the large number of cars, a police officer directing traffic is forced to change his oxygen mask every 2 hours. That is why experts call cars “chemical factories on wheels.” The gas emitted by a car engine contains carbon oxides, carbon dioxide, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, carbohydrates, and lead compounds, which have a negative impact on human health. Carbon oxides combine with hemoglobin in the blood, reducing its oxygen-carrying function. Lead compounds, passing through the respiratory tract, damage the heart and blood vessels of people.
Conclusion: Every person and society must be responsible for preventing negative changes in the atmosphere. Measures such as the development of green technologies, reducing industrial emissions, making transport environmentally friendly, and preserving forests can help prevent and reduce atmospheric changes. These measures are important not only for saving natural resources, but also for the future of humanity. Thus, the most effective way to preserve the atmosphere and prevent its negative changes is global cooperation and a responsible approach.
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Faizullayeva is the daughter of Nodira Sherali, I currently live in the village of Kushkapa, Kamashi district, Kashkadarya region. I am a 3rd year student at Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute. I am interested in learning languages and writing poems.