Teaching speech activity
Student of Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Tursunxo’jayeva Malika Abdusamat qizi
932412315
Supervisor:Kadirova Nargiza
Abstract: This article analyzes the types of speech activity, their interrelation and teaching methods. Effective ways of forming correct, logical and clear speech in students will be considered. Psychological and linguistic foundations of speech types, as well as strategies for their development are widely covered.
Keywords: speech activity, teaching methodology, speaking, written speech, listening skills, reading skills
Speech activity is the main means of communication of a person. Through language, people exchange ideas, interact and gain knowledge. The teacher’s task is to thoroughly form all types of speech activity in students, to teach them clear, correct and expressive thinking in oral and written form.
The main types of speech activity include:
1. Listening comprehension (listening skills): Formation of students’ ability to correctly perceive and understand the spoken text.
It is based on hearing dialogues and monologues.
2. Speaking (verbal expression): The ability to express one’s thoughts independently and logically.
It is taught through dialogue, conversation, storytelling exercises.
3. Reading: Reading the text with comprehension and understanding of its content. Methods of reading texts of different genres and drawing conclusions from them are used.
4. Writing: Expressing one’s opinion clearly in written form. It is developed through dictations, essay writing, preparation of briefs and abstracts.
The interdependence of speech activity
Types of speech are closely related: Listening, understanding and speaking are the basis of dialogical communication. Reading and writing are tools that reinforce and develop knowledge.
Oral and written speech complement each other.
Therefore, in the development of each type of speech, it is also necessary to take advantage of the other’s specific characteristics and capabilities.
Basic methods of teaching speech activity
1. Step-by-step approach: Learning from easy to complex, concrete to abstract.
2. Communication-oriented methodology: Activation of speech through practice activities, role-plays, communication tasks.
3. Interactive methods: To ensure active participation through “mental attack”, “Debate”, “Cluster” techniques.
4. Differential approach: Organize classes with students’ individualities in mind.
We will explain the activity of speech in terms of the main parts.
1. What is speech activity? Speech activity is the process of a person expressing his mind and communicating with others through language. It combines psychological and linguistic activity.
The main types of speech activity:
Understanding by listening (receiving by hearing)
Speak (spoken expression)
Reading (perception of written speech)
Writing (express an idea in written form)
These four skills are the main pillars of speech activity.
2. The purpose of teaching speech activity. Teaching the student / pupil to think completely and clearly, develop oral and written speech skills, form a culture of communication, teach the practical use of the language.
3. Basic principles of teaching speech activity.
Phased: Moving from simple to complex
Activity and Independence: Encouraging students to think actively and independently
Motivation: To keep the reader interested, to make the need for communication
Communication orientation: Speaking skills are developed only through live communication
Repetition and Practice: Build Skills
4. Methods of teaching speech activity
Creating Dialogues: Practice Using Real Situations
Role-playing games: Acting out communication situations
Work on Text: Read the text and then comment and discuss
Q&A method: Teaching to ask a question and respond to it clearly, concisely
Describe and narrate: Provide an incentive to talk in detail about an event or subject
Debates and debates: Developing speech by exchanging ideas on a specific topic
5. Tools for the development of speech activities: audiovisual materials (film, audiobook, podcast), game tasks (puzzles, language games), interactive programs (online platforms, simulation programs), didactic materials (postcards, picture tasks).
6. Aspects of teaching speech activity: increasing the vocabulary (teaching more words), paying attention to grammatical correctness, not interpreting, the formation of free expression skills, the correct orientation of pronunciation and intonation, ensuring logical consistency and harmony of thought.
7. Speech activity and age characteristics: Teaching on the basis of play and imitation in young children is effective. And in adolescents and adults, discussion and free-expression activities are more beneficial.
8. Problems and Their Troubleshooting
In conclusion, teaching speech is an integral part of the language learning process. To teach these activities effectively, it is necessary to use communicative, interactive, and cognitive approaches. Speech development is important not only grammar and lexical knowledge, but also the development of skills for participation in communication, exchange of ideas and application of the language in real life. For teachers, there is a need to choose the right methods when working with students, correct speech errors and increase motivation.
The main problems in teaching speech activity, for example, may be lack of motivation or difficulty learning the language in extended topics, but effective solutions can be found to solve these problems by using new techniques, especially technology.
In addition, the integration of modern methods and approaches to teaching speech activities allows students to fully develop their communicative skills in the language. Combining the methodological recommendations, knowledge and experience presented in Uzbek and world literature in teaching speech activity can make the process of learning a language more effective and meaningful.
In general, teaching speech activity is one of the most important and exciting areas of language learning, and for the successful organization of this process, it is important to strengthen interaction and cooperation between teachers and students.
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