Water is a key source of life
Azerbaeva Perizat Bayrambay qizi- a student of school number 49
Annotation- this article discusses about the shortage of water, along with its repercussions and methods to prevent it.
Keywords – natural resource, environment, new technologies, water shortage, drip irrigation.
Water is the source of life, because there is no life without water. Water is life, which has had an incomparable influence on the evolution of livelihoods, environment, and climate changes for millions of years. It should be noted that the demand and need for water is increasing more than ever. As a result, there is a water shortage all over the world.
Water is:
: composition of 55-65% (up to 80% in children) of the human body
: one of the most used and diminishing resources on our planet
: One of the factors that cause interstate threats and wars in the 21st century
: although it covers more than 70% of the land, only 3% of it is suitable for drinking.
: one of the causes of climate migration and the increase of immigrants around the world
A person without water can live up to 1 week at most. In 2023, 2 billion people, that is, a quarter of the world’s population, will be without clean drinking water, and in the next 10 years, 700 million people, that is, we will join them [1]. So, as written above, the topic is relevant, it needs to be written and read!
“It is necessary to form a collective understanding about the economical use of water. In order not to provoke an environmental virus that leads to economic and political pathology,” said Bori Olikhanov, chairman of the Committee on Development of the Aral Bay Region of the Oliy Majlis.¾ of the world is water. Can’t we turn it into drinking water? Yes, but this is a very expensive process.
According to the standards of the World Health Organization, one person needs 50-100 liters of water per day. In rural areas of Africa, a person consumes 10-20 liters of water per day, which is significantly lower than usual. Saudi Arabia is the leading country in drinking water consumption (500 liters of water per person per day) [1].
The main part of fresh water, i.e. 40%, is groundwater. Extracting them is, firstly, expensive, secondly, labor-intensive, and thirdly, a temporary solution that runs out and eventually dries up underground wells and leads to a water crisis.Although rivers and dams are important for water supply, they only contain about 1% of fresh water. alternating with snow.Fresh water extraction from icebergs and glaciers is also discussed. But it is not known what consequences such projects will have on the ecology of our planet, apart from the fact that it is not technically feasible at the moment.According to experts’ calculations, by 2050, water resources are expected to decrease by 5% in the Sirdarya basin and 15% in the Amudarya basin [2], and the demand for water will increase by 50%. Today, about 2 billion people on earth need clean drinking water, and more than 2 billion 300 million people are forced to consume food that does not meet sanitary requirements.
On February 8 of this year, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev held a meeting on improving drinking water supply in the regions. The main focus was on providing the population with clean drinking water.After the order of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 27, 2018, “On urgent measures to create favorable conditions for the widespread use of drip irrigation technology in the cultivation of cotton raw materials”, positive projects will be implemented to prevent water wastage. started [3].The water-related problems of the Central Asian countries were discussed in Tashkent: on January 18, a roundtable discussion was held in the capital of Uzbekistan on the topic “Problems and prospects of effective use of water resources of Russia and Central Asia.”
According to the forecasts of the World Bank, the lack of clean drinking water in Central Asia will cause the GDP to decrease by 11%. 80-90% of water resources in the region are used in agriculture. The total area of irrigated land in the region is 7.695 million, and in Uzbekistan it is 4.2 million [4].It is not difficult to imagine the consequences of a shortage of a strategically important resource. This means a threat to the production of agricultural products, a decrease in the volume of exports, and a deterioration in the quality of life of the population engaged in agriculture.What is the solution to the problem?
“Drip irrigation systems. The system is being installed, but it is necessary to expand its coverage. We need to create a system to encourage farmers to introduce drip irrigation, as well as increase water tariffs,” says the director of the “Ma’no” research center. Bakhtiyar Ergashev [4].Director of the Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Dr. Alexey Zubes, believes that Russia can help in these matters [4].
Another important recognition is that Uzbekistan ranks first in Central Asia, second among the CIS countries, fourth in Asia and 13th in the world in terms of introducing water-saving technologies [2].
In conclusion, water scarcity is a global problem of the century, so all the countries of the world should fight it together, help each other, and the population should follow the culture of using water. Because as the water problem grows in a place, the hope of life in that place fades away. If this problem is not prevented, living creatures will be forced to migrate to wetlands.
In my opinion, we need to prevent this problem from becoming bigger like the “Island problem” as soon as possible, and I think that the people of the world should understand that the natural resource will end one day and use it sparingly for the sake of future generations.
References