METHODS OF LEARNING ENGLISH

 Abduraximova Farida Komiljon qizi

teacher of Samarkand State Foreign Language of Institute

Ravshanbekova Asalkhon San’atbekovna

Samarkand State Foreign Language of Institute English faculty Foreign language and literature: student of the 1^st year group 2403

asaloyravshanbekova1606@gmail.com 

+998337511512

Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Abstract. English is one of the most widely spoken languages globally, playing a significant role in communication, business, science, and culture. Effective methods for learning English can enhance language acquisition and improve students’ efficiency. This article explores various approaches: the grammatical method, communicative method, interactive teaching, and the audio-visual method. The grammatical method emphasizes understanding language structure and rules, while the communicative method focuses on real-life applications of language skills, helping students engage in practical interactions. The interactive teaching method encourages active student participation, enhancing critical thinking, collaboration, and motivation. The audio-visual method facilitates learning through multimedia, improving comprehension of pronunciation, intonation, and context. Lastly, self-study, through online resources and mobile applications, fosters independent learning. Combined, these methods enable students to develop language proficiency through diverse, engaging approaches, preparing them for practical communication.

Keywords: English language learning, grammatical method, communicative method, interactive teaching, audio-visual method, self-study, language acquisition, practical communication

English is one of the most widely spoken languages globally and is important in modern communication, business, scientific research and culture. Choosing effective methods for learning English can speed up the process of language acquisition and increase the efficiency of students.

 The first is grammatical method. Grammatical method mainly focuses on students learning the structure, rules and grammatical rules of the language. With this method, students will be able to learn the rules of the language, make sentences and use the language logically. However, this method can often be dry and uninteresting, so it should be combined with independent study and practical training.

The next one – communicative method is a teaching method designed to focus on communication during the language learning process. This method helps students to apply the language practically, communicate and use the language effectively in real-life situations. The main features and advantages of the communicative method are as follows:

Real Life Situations: During the lessons, students are given the opportunity to simulate real life situations. This includes, for example, situations such as shopping in a store, checking into a hotel, or participating in conversations.

Communication-Oriented Activities: Students learn the language through activities that encourage interaction and exchange of ideas, such as group discussions, role-plays, and conversations.

Pronunciation and Intonation: The communicative method emphasizes the importance of pronunciation and intonation. Students will learn in practice how to use pronunciation and intonation in real communication.

Language Acquisition: Students learn language rules through practical application rather than just theory. This makes language learning more intuitive and fun.

Interactivity: Students will have the opportunity to express their opinions, ask questions and discuss through active participation. It increases students’ ability to express themselves.

There are a lot of pluses of these methods. Advantages of them are:

– Developing Communication Skills: With this method, students develop communication skills and learn to use the language in real situations.

– Motivation: Fun and hands-on activities increase students’ motivation, which makes the learning process more effective.

– Interest in Language: Students develop interest in language learning because they are able to express themselves and communicate.

– Critical Thinking: Students develop critical thinking skills through problem solving and brainstorming.

– Individual Approach: Students will have the opportunity to further personalize the lesson based on their abilities and needs.

The communicative method is distinguished by the fact that communication is the center of the language learning process. This method helps students to apply the language in practice, prepare for real-life situations and develop communication skills. By using this method in their classes, teachers can encourage students to learn English in an effective and interesting way.

Interactive teaching method is a teaching method aimed at ensuring active participation of students. This method, unlike traditional teaching methods, encourages students to express themselves, discuss, and work collaboratively rather than passively accepting. The main features and advantages of the interactive teaching method are vital for teaching at schools.

Firstly, students work in small groups to complete specific tasks or solve problems. This allows mutual exchange of ideas and strengthening of knowledge.

Secondly, through classroom discussion, students have the opportunity to express themselves, share ideas with others, and learn new ideas.

Besides, students will have the opportunity to use the language in an environment close to real life situations by playing different roles. It promotes communication.

Furthermore, through games, simulations, and other activities, students learn the language in a fun and engaging way.

Moreover, students can develop their knowledge and skills through peer assessment and feedback.

The interactive teaching method ensures that students are actively involved in the language learning process and prepares them for real-life situations. The use of this method serves to increase the level of knowledge of students and to develop mutual communication. By using this method in their classes, teachers can encourage students to learn English in a more effective and interesting way.

There are several benefits of this method, such are active participation, motivation, developing competencies, interaction and adaptability.

Through active participation, students absorb more of their knowledge and apply what they learn in practice. Interactive activities increase student interest and encourage interaction, which increases motivation. Students develop skills such as critical thinking, problem solving and teamwork. By interacting with each other, students acquire practical language skills and improve their ability to express themselves. This method can be adapted for different students and teachers to meet the needs of each student.

The third – audio-visual method focuses on the use of multimedia materials, such as films, videos, and audio materials, in learning English. This method facilitates language learning through listening and viewing, as students gain a better understanding of pronunciation, intonation, and contextual meaning. At the same time, it also plays an important role in increasing the interest of students.

Meanwhile, self-study increases students’ interest in learning English independently. This method includes the use of online resources, mobile applications, books and teacher support. In self-study, students have the opportunity to choose the materials that suit them, taking into account their time and interests.

As a conclusion, the process of learning English is multifaceted and individual. Students can develop their language skills using different methods. For best results, students are encouraged to use multiple methods together.

References

1.  Abduraximova F. Improving virtual education through innovative methods. Development of pedagogical technologies in modern sciences. Vol. 2 No. 10 (2023). https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=ru&user=hXRYYwIAAAAJ&citation_for_view=hXRYYwIAAAAJ:3fE2CSJIrl8C

2. Brown, H. D. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. Pearson Educationa. 2007

3. Harmer J. The Practice of English Language Teaching. Pearson Longman. 2007

4. Scrivener, J.  Learning Teaching: The Essential Guide to English Language Teaching. Macmillan Education. 2010

5. Ur P. A Course in Language Teaching: Practice and Theory. Cambridge University Press. 1996

My Uzbekistan 

Thank you today

I took a pen in my hand.

I read a lot of your past,

I thought for a moment.

He did not see days,

It’s enough, be patient.

Your deserts have become dust,

Give light from independence.

My grandmother’s eyes are wet with joy.

Never tie it dry,

The land inherited from my ancestors,

I am the land that God has looked at.

Munisa Azimova is a student of the 8th grade of the 20th school of Bukhara.

The Path to Knowledge

   “Reading is the nourishment of the mind, heart, and soul.” — Virginia Woolf

Aziza lived in a small town, her heart full of dreams and aspirations. She loved learning, and her eyes sparkled with the desire for knowledge. But her parents, like many others in their community, held traditional views. They believed that girls were meant to focus on home duties and marriage, not academics.

Every time Aziza expressed her dream of studying, her parents would gently but firmly discourage her. “Girls are not made for education,” her mother would say, “they are meant to be wives and mothers.” Her father, too, was insistent that marriage was the best path for her. But Aziza couldn’t let go of her dreams. Her heart yearned for a different life, a life where she could learn, grow, and make her own choices.

One day, after yet another attempt from her parents to convince her to accept a marriage proposal, Aziza made a bold decision. She had already prepared all the documents she needed to apply to university, secretly working on them in the quiet of her room. She knew that her parents would never understand, but she was ready to stand up for her future.

“Why can’t you just be like other girls?” her mother asked, frustrated. “You’re not thinking of your family.”

Aziza looked her mother in the eye, her voice steady but filled with determination. “This is my life. I deserve the chance to chase my dreams, to be educated and find my own path.”

Her parents were taken aback. They had never seen such courage in their daughter. After a long silence, they realized that their love for her should allow her to choose her own way. With heavy hearts but a new understanding, they finally gave her their blessing.

Aziza faced many challenges along the way. Moving to the city was not easy. She felt lonely, overwhelmed by the fast-paced life, and sometimes doubted herself. But each time she stumbled, she reminded herself why she was there: for her dreams. For her future.

One day, after a phone call with her parents, Aziza realized that they had come to accept her decision. They were proud of her strength and her courage. That moment marked a turning point, where both Aziza and her family understood that education was not just a choice — it was a right.

Aziza completed her studies and became a successful professional. But more than that, she had proven to herself and others that no obstacle was too great when it came to pursuing your dreams.

I am Nurmatova Aziza Oybek’s daughter I was born on August 21, 2005 in Nurota district of Navoi region. Currently, I am a 2nd-year student at Navoi State University, Faculty of English Language and Literature. I have taken pride of place in reading contests, as well as a participant in international seminars and meetings. I am a winner of contests and competitions dedicated to corruption and a finalist of the “Discussion” contest.

Mirzayeva Durdona

Mehri Daryo Durdonam
He has a beautiful eye
A sincere and true word
The only one in my heart

New youth are blessed
Happy birthday
Always smile
Happy birthday

May your eyes be filled with light
May the knowledge be with you
A smile on your face
Always be a companion

There is no equal in the correct vocabulary
If he speaks sometimes, he is not lying
Respect for everyone
No enmity, no envy

The words are also one by one
This is our daughter Durdona

Abirova Sevinch Jumanazar’s daughter is a 2nd year student of the Faculty of Languages of TERDPI

Thanks to Erkin Vahidov

Owner of embroidered naves, 

Talks about humility. 

A slanderous scumbag,

In poems, he looks at the Motherland. 

A raven’s wing to the darkness, 

He is like a peach. 

A beautiful leaf of willows, 

He is like art. 

When hope fades in war, 

The Uzbegim nyomi was published.

Even the speechless nightingale, 

He used to say country and country.

Honorable Mr. Uzbek,

It is worth thousands of applause. 

Once upon a time,

It will turn into a bird, a bird! 

Nilufar Anvarova, 8th grade student of Erkin Vahidov creative school, Margylan city

IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE?
Maftuna Bozorova O’lmas qizi

First-year student in Uzbekistan State World Languages University, foreign language and literature faculty.

ABSTRACT: This article brings your attention to the link between languages and cultures. The information about the ways of defining this connection, the information about language and culture is provided in an understandable manner.  Furthermore, the reasons why we need to learn other languages are delivered to the readers.
KEYWORDS: link, acquiring, social system, attributes, nationality, brainstorming, incorporating.

How we define the relationship between language and culture?

As humans, we need certain language to share our thoughts, opinions to others. Language is the key factor for our communication and for delivering our messages in the correct form. Human culture can not exist without language. We may find connection between two of these terms, when we try to learn the language first. Because, every language learner will get to know about the culture, by acquiring knowledge about other country’s traditions, the way of thinking, their outfit. In order to get connected with foreigner, people need to learn that language. Exchanging and brainstorming ideas, sharing different opinions helps people to learn about certain culture, allowing  nationalities unite together. Of course, the provided link to do so can be developed through the language.

What is language?

Language serves as a mirror of the culture, reflecting its values, social systems, and attitudes. Culture shifts and revolutions are often reflected in the language spoken by its members. Language is the most fundamental aspect of cultural identity. This means of communication give assistance to us to convey our innermost self from generation to generation. In most cases, the principal purpose of  language is to advance communication, in the sense of transmission of information from one person to another. It is evident that today humans’ life would be impossible without the use of language.

What is culture?

We may define culture as a term that refers to people’s horizons, their way of eating, their way of talking and walking, and even their way of dressing. People show their customs and traditions to the world. It is also worth noting that the whole society will disappear without culture. This is a vehicle to make them different from other nationalities. Culture is the attributes and knowledge of a particular group of people, incorporating the language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music, arts, and the way of celebrating weddings, birthday parties, and holidays. It is a really broad concept. The term “culture” can be substituted for the word “mannerism”.

The link between language and culture in the world today.
In today’s fast-paced world, many youngsters  are learning foreign languages like English, Russian, German, Korean as their second language, this is leading to increased bilingualism. Those who are obsessed with tones of work in one country and stayed stable in one job have many opportunities to go abroad by learning their language. It is fact that having enough information about the country you are visiting may prevent you from having a culture shock. Young people are using available chances to go to the foreign countries. If you learn the language, you will have enough information about that culture automatically. The sources, materials, music, articles you are using in order to learn the language will provide you with better insight to the culture.

Why do we need to learn other languages?

Well, this is really a reasonable question. Nobody requires or forces us to learn some foreign languages. It is definitely depends on our interests. It is essential to learn new language to become a better member of society, to gain more and more opportunities to travel around the world, to get higher salaries in our job from foreign states, to have a successful business career, to get in touch with the world, to have more general imagination, to think in different way and of course, there are a lot to count. By acquiring a foreign language and by communicating with the people whose this language is their native, we can broaden our horizon, thereby increasing our social skills, creative and critical thinking skills.

THE RESOURCES USED:
1.https://iafee.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/AKINTUNDE-Femi-and-OHIARE-UDEBU-jeee-vol-5-No-1-pp-133-146.pdf
2.http://pustakailmu.id/index.php/pustakailmu/article/download/296/275/1326
3.https://www.allstudyjournal.com/article/540/3-2-5-327.pdf
4.https://www.britannica.com/topic/language
5.https://www.britannica.com/topic/language/Historical-attitudes-toward-language

Financial Literacy and Saving Money: A Path to a Prosperous Future

Murodjon Asomidinov is the son of Farkhod

Tashkent region, Bostonliq district,

 9^th grade student of a specialized school

                                                  Abstract

Financial literacy and saving are crucial elements for ensuring personal financial well-being in today’s rapidly changing economic environment. This article examines the concept of financial literacy, its importance, and the role of saving in paving the way to a prosperous future. It discusses the importance of making informed financial decisions, the impact of saving on individual economic stability, and the significance of investing for long-term wealth generation. By improving financial knowledge and applying these practices, individuals not only enhance their income potential but also adapt more effectively to economic changes in society. This article provides insights into how financial literacy and saving contribute to a stable and prosperous future.

Keywords: Financial literacy, saving, investment, personal finance, economic stability, prosperous future, financial planning, goal-setting, decision-making.

Today, economic changes, various financial crises and unexpected situations force many people to face their financial situation. Thus, the importance of financial literacy and saving money has increased dramatically. Financial literacy includes not only knowledge of finance and economics, but also money management, saving and effective investing.

A high level of financial literacy enhances an individual’s ability to manage their finances, while also greatly helping to ensure future economic stability. In this, the role of saving money is also important. This article details the relationship between financial literacy and saving money, and how these processes pave the way to a prosperous future.

Financial Literacy: Meaning and Importance

Financial literacy means not only managing financial resources, but also taking a rational and knowledge-based approach to making personal and family financial decisions. Improving financial literacy also encourages people to save money, invest, manage debt and improve their financial situation.

Increase financial literacy

To improve financial literacy, one must first understand the basic concepts of finance. For example, it is important to have financial information, budget, meet tax obligations and know how to pay off debts. An understanding of developments in international financial markets, investment strategies and risk management is also essential.

Another important aspect of improving financial literacy is self-financial education. This can be achieved through distance courses, books, articles and seminars. Today, it is very easy to obtain financial knowledge through online resources, which provides a convenient opportunity to use this knowledge in various areas of life (Shamsutdinova, 2023).

Financial decision making literacy

Literacy is very important in making financial decisions. People need to analyze their income and expenses, determine the necessary savings and investment options in order to make the right decisions. For example, when creating a family budget, it is necessary to plan expenses, monitor monthly income spending and direct it to savings.

With a high level of financial literacy, people make the right decisions about saving, borrowing and investing effectively. Thus, they create a solid foundation in ensuring their well-being (Davronov, 2023).

Saving money: basic principles and methods

Saving money is an important factor in ensuring financial stability. Through the habits of saving money, a person not only improves his current financial situation, but also prepares himself against unpleasant situations that may arise in the future.

Basic principles of saving

The first and most important principle of saving money is accurate planning of income and expenses. It is necessary to spend a certain part of the earned income on savings every month. To achieve this goal, it is important to correctly estimate monthly expenses and income. For example, you should spend 20-30% of your monthly income on savings. For this, it is recommended to classify costs and reduce unnecessary costs (Karimov, 2022).

Another important principle of saving is to create an emergency fund. It is very important to accumulate the necessary amount of savings for unexpected situations such as emergency funds, illness or job loss.

There are several effective ways to save money. One of the most common methods is budgeting and tracking expenses. By having a clear view of their income and expenses, a person will be able to reduce unnecessary expenses.

In addition, using the automatic saving method is also effective. For example, a certain amount of income can be automatically transferred to the fund every month. This method is especially convenient for individuals who require responsible financial management.

Investing is also important as part of financial literacy and saving money. Through investments, it is possible not only to increase current savings, but also to create sources of passive income.

There are many different ways to invest. The most common types of investments are stocks, bonds, real estate, etc. Each type of investment has its own risks and benefits. Therefore, before investing, it is necessary to analyze the market and get financial advice (Shamsutdinova, 2023).

Stocks are investments in shares of companies. By buying shares, individuals can share in the company’s profits. Also, bonds are another form of investment, which means betting on debt bonds issued by various organizations.

Investment and risk management

Before investing, an investor should determine his level of risk. Risk management plays an important role in financial literacy. It is possible to reduce the risk of an investment portfolio by means of diversification (dividing investments into different assets).

Road to a prosperous future

Financial literacy and saving money is one of the most important tools for personal and family well-being. They help maintain a solid financial position in a changing economic environment. Through personal financial management and effective investing, everyone has the opportunity to make their future sustainable.

Summary

Financial literacy and saving money are important in everyone’s life. Together, these two elements play an important role in ensuring personal well-being. By increasing financial knowledge and developing saving habits, one can improve not only the current financial situation, but also the future. It is also important to increase income through effective investment and risk management. Thus, by becoming financially literate and saving money, everyone can take steps towards a prosperous future.

                                           List of references:

1.Shamsutdinova, M. (2023). Moliyaviy savodxonlikni oshirish: Amaliy yondashuv. Toshkent: Iqtisodiyot nashriyoti.

2.Karimov, R. (2022). Tejash va investitsiya qilishning asosiy tamoyillari. Toshkent: Moliya va iqtisodiyot.

3.Davronov, B. (2023). Moliyaviy qarorlar qabul qilishda savodxonlikning o’rni. Tashkent: O’zbekiston iqtisodiyoti.