Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Foreign Language and Literature German Language Direction
Student of group 402 Yunusova Khodisa
Scientific advisor Kadirova Nargiza

Problems of translation practice and methods of analysis

Annotation: This article analyzes the problems encountered in translation practice and ways to overcome them. Special attention is given to analyzing the translation process through exercises. The article illustrates analytical methods used to address linguistic, cultural, and stylistic challenges, and suggests strategies for developing translation competence.

Annotation: V dannoy state rassmatrivayutsya problemy, voznikayushchie v protsesse perevoda, i metody ix preodoleniya. Osoboe vnimanie udelyaetsya analizu protsessa perevoda na osnove uprajneniy. Na primerax pokazany analyticheskie metody, primenyaemye dlya preodoleniya linguisticheskih, culturalnyx i stylisticheskih trudnostey, a takje predlozheny puti razvitiya perevodcheskoy komettsii.

Key words: translation practice, analysis method, translation problems, exercises, linguistic barriers, cultural differences, translation competence
Keywords: translation practice, analytical method, translation issues, exercises, linguistic barriers, cultural differences, translation competence
Key words: translation practice, analytical method, translation problems, training, linguistic barriers, cultural differences, translation competence

The process of translation involves not only the transfer of meaning between languages, but also the complex relationship between two different cultures, ways of thinking and styles. The translator must preserve the content of the language units in each text and convey it to the target audience in an understandable and appropriate form.

However, many problems arise in translation practice – linguistic differences, cultural context differences, stylistic adaptation, etc. This article considers the role of analytical exercises in identifying, analyzing and solving such problems encountered in translation practice. It also provides suggestions and approaches for improving the competence of translators through analytical methods.

Translation is an exchange of information between two languages, which covers the areas of linguistics, cultural studies, methodology and contextual thinking. Each translation is a creative process, which is carried out based on a specific methodology. In translation practice, learners often make not only grammatical or lexical errors, but also make incorrect translations without sufficiently understanding the content and cultural essence of the text. Therefore, exercises based on analytical methods are of great importance in the in-depth study and improvement of translation practice. These exercises develop translation skills, strengthen critical thinking, and teach context-based decision-making.

1. Problems encountered in translation practice
   a) Linguistic problems:
   – Multiplicity of words and phrases
   – Problems of synonymy and antonymy
   – Variety of syntactic devices
   – Difficulties in ensuring terminological compatibility
   b) Cultural problems:
   – Translation of idiomatic expressions and metaphors
   – Realities (national and cultural elements)
   – Differences in style of use and social context
   c) Stylistic problems:
   – Differences between formal and informal styles
   – Preservation of the author’s tone and individuality
   – Adaptation to a literary, scientific or journalistic style
2. Analysis method and its advantages
   The analysis method is a method of dividing the translated text into components and analyzing each part based on a linguistic and contextual approach.
3. Through this method, the student:
   Understands the function of language units in depth
   Understands the stylistic and semantic features of the text
   Learns to compare alternative options in translation
   Advantages: Develops analytical thinking
   Reduces errors in translation
   Makes translation choices based on linguistic and cultural analysis. Analyzes incorrect translations and explains the correct form. Translates in a specific style (formal, artistic, scientific). These exercises encourage students to think deeply not only grammatically, but also stylistically and culturally. To achieve effective results in translation practice, not only theoretical knowledge, but also analysis-based exercises are necessary.

Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Foreign Language and Literature German Language Direction
Student of group 402 Yunusova Khodisa
Scientific advisor Kodirova Nargiza

Teaching types of speech activity
Annotation: This article explores effective methods for teaching types of speech activity — listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It discusses approaches and methodological recommendations for developing students’ communicative skills in each activity. Special attention is given to the importance of integrating these types of speech activity in a unified and communicative language teaching process.

Abstract: V dannoy state rassmatrivayutsya effektivnye metody obucheniya vidam rechevoy deyatelnosti — audirovaniyu, govoreniyu, chteniyu i pismu. Descriptions of approaches and methodical recommendations for the formation of communication skills are described in detail. Osoboe vnimanie udeleno vajnosti integrirovannogo podkhoda pri obuchenii yazyku cherez sochetanie vseh vidov rechevoy deyatelnosti.

Keywords: speech activity, language teaching, communicative skills, listening comprehension, oral speech, reading, written speech, integrated approach.

Keywords: speech activity, language teaching, communicative skills, listening comprehension, speaking, reading, writing, integrated approach.

Keywords: rechevaya deyatelnost, obuchenie zyzyku, kommunikativnye vykyki, audirovanie, govorenie, chtenie, pismo, integrirovannyy podkhod.

Every state, every nation is strong not only with its underground and above-ground natural resources, military power and production potential, but, first of all, with its high culture and spirituality. Therefore, in our republic, in order to educate and raise a healthy, harmonious generation, great work is being carried out in terms of scale and scope to radically renew and reform the education system. The multicultural and multifaceted “landscape” of Uzbekistan is an effective basis for developing a person’s language competence.

Foreign language education, or in the words of N. Galskova, “Linguocultural education” further expands the opportunities and boundaries of the younger generation to receive, transmit and interact with new and useful information. The resolution of December 10, 2012, No. PQ-1875 “On measures to further improve the system of learning foreign languages”, established the main goal of teaching the younger generation foreign languages, improving the system of training specialists who can speak these languages ​​fluently, creating opportunities for their extensive use of the achievements and information resources of world civilization, and developing international cooperation and dialogue. As is known, any goal arises due to need. In the methodological literature, when analyzing needs, objective and subjective needs are distinguished based on the educational conditions.

Objective need:
a) age-related psychological characteristics of foreign language learners, their native language, interests, and abilities to learn a foreign language;
b) levels of knowledge, qualifications, and skills that must be acquired in speech activities in a foreign language;
c) is determined based on the state and social requirements, that is, on the basis of information about the program requirements for students’ knowledge, skills and abilities in a foreign language, based on the social order.

Subjective needs are analyzed based on information about students’:
a) attitudes towards the foreign language and culture being studied;
b) methods and strategies for learning a foreign language;
c) which types of speech activity (speaking, listening comprehension, reading and writing) they are interested in mastering.

In the process of communicating with each other, people directly turn to language and speech activity, one of the important means of communication. Speech is the highest and main means of human activity. Because speech is what distinguishes a person from other creatures. Speech is the use of language in the processes of expressing and exchanging thoughts, a certain form of life as a separate type of communicative activity of language. Speech is understood as the processes of its oral and written manifestation, that is, the process of speaking and its result. Speech activity is the process of communication itself, the concept of speech activity, on the one hand, is the process of expressing ideas using language tools.

On Remembrance Day

The strange past of the forty-first years,

An unexpected guest in the dreams I hold dear.

Everywhere — grim rumors of war and fears,

Was every moment soaked in blood and tear?

The cries of mothers whose “fingernails” were torn,

Countless children grew up fatherless and worn.

A single crust of black bread was their prize,

So many perished with hunger in their eyes.

For our peace, the brave warriors fought,

In hearts you live on, never to be forgot.

You are the hero etched in our nation’s lore,

Your final breath echoes forevermore.

Today we are silent for you, just a while,

Your memory — eternal, your worth — ever vital.

Azizbek Shaymurzayev was born on February 1, 2010, in Zafarobod district, Jizzakh region. From the moment he began his early education, he developed a deep interest in literature and poetry. Today, many of his poems, essays, and articles have been published in various newspapers, journals, and books. His biggest dream for the future is to become a diplomat.

The Golden Rule of Mechanics 

Lifting weight? Don’t strain, don’t fight— 

Work it smart, not just with might! 

Levers, pulleys, wheels in sync, 

Force will shift—just stop and think. 

Want to lift with ease and flow? 

Stretch the path, let distance grow! 

Push with less, but pay in space, 

That’s the rule—no more, no chase. 

No force comes for nothing gained, 

No motion moves till trade’s arranged. 

Push or pull—it’s give or take, 

Nature’s law—no bend, no break! 

Gears keep spinning, cold yet wise, 

Balance rules where chaos lies. 

One side falls, the other flies— 

Unchanging truth that never dies! 

I am Azganush Abdulmajalova, a 10th-grade student at Secondary School No.  30 in Samarkand. I am passionate about physics, know exploring the beauty of mechanics and innovation in science. 

THE ROLE OF THE IT SECTOR IN OUR LIVES

Shermatova Hilola Mirzayevna

Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Fergana State University

shermatovahilola1978@gmail.com

Tolqinboyeva Odinaxon Dilshodbek qizi

1st-year student, Faculty of Information Systems and Technologies, Fergana State University

Odinatolqinboyeva8@gmail.com

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Annotation:

This topic highlights the role and significance of the IT (Information Technology) sector in modern society. IT technologies are widely used in everyday life, as well as in education, healthcare, industry, and business. They help simplify human activities and provide quick and effective solutions. Therefore, the development of the IT sector is one of the key factors in the progress of any society.

Keywords:

Information Technology, modern life, efficiency, development, digitalization

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The Role of the IT Sector in Our Lives

Information technologies (IT) have become an integral part of human progress today. The use of IT solutions is increasing in every sphere of our lives. These technologies not only simplify daily tasks but also lead to economic, social, and cultural changes on a global scale. The rapid development of the IT sector affects all layers of modern society and takes processes like information exchange, education, production, and management to a completely new level.

The Role of IT in Everyday Life

Nowadays, everyone feels the convenience of IT through tools like smartphones, computers, and the internet. People communicate instantly via social networks and messengers, shop online, and access services remotely. It’s even possible to order food, pay bills, receive education, or get medical advice without leaving home. All of this is the result of IT development.

IT Technologies in Education

One of the greatest achievements of the IT sector is the transformation of the education system. Through e-textbooks, online courses, and distance learning platforms (such as Coursera, Udemy, Khan Academy), students from any part of the world can receive a quality education. This became especially important during the pandemic, which clearly demonstrated the crucial role of IT in education.

IT Applications in Healthcare

In the medical field, information about patients is stored electronically, and doctors can access necessary test results within seconds. Telemedicine, AI-assisted diagnosis, and surgical operations using robotic assistants are among the most advanced IT achievements in healthcare. These technologies make health services faster, more accurate, and safer.

IT Advancements in Business and Industry

Modern business and manufacturing are unimaginable without IT technologies. Automated systems, financial apps, CRM systems, and AI-based analytical tools help companies simplify operations and increase profits. The e-commerce market is rapidly expanding and becoming a key branch of the global economy.

Importance of Cybersecurity

With the growth of information technologies, security has become a pressing issue. Protecting personal data, ensuring the safety of financial transactions, and maintaining the stability of government systems make cybersecurity an essential area. Therefore, cybersecurity experts are in high demand today.

IT Opportunities for Youth

The IT sector opens wide opportunities for young people. Young professionals are building careers in areas such as programming, web design, artificial intelligence, network security, and data analytics — achieving success not only locally but also internationally. The internet allows for self-learning, acquiring knowledge, and launching startups, which is one of the major advantages of IT.

Conclusion

Information technologies are fundamentally transforming society. They bring convenience, speed, and efficiency to human life. The development of the IT sector is not only a technical achievement but also a driver of cultural and social progress. Therefore, every young person should strive to study this field deeply and use it effectively.

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References:

1. Xamidov S., To‘xtayev A. – Fundamentals of Information Technology, Tashkent, 2021.

2. Karimov I. – Fundamentals of Computers and the Internet, Tashkent, “O‘qituvchi” Publishing House, 2020.

3. Website: www.uzedu.uz – Information on the development of IT in Uzbekistan’s education system.

4. Website: www.stat.uz – Data from the State Statistics Committee of Uzbekistan (IT sector statistics).

5. Website: www.techradar.com – Articles on global development of modern IT technologies.

6. Website: www.who.int – The role of IT in healthcare (World Health Organization).

7. Online courses: Coursera.org and Khanacademy.org – Educational materials on IT.

8. UNESCO and ITU reports – Global indicators on information technology and digital development.

Sea

Hey sea, take me in your arms
How much I love you
Even though I can’t fit in a big city
I’ll tell you everything.

Hey sea, calm reigns in you
The waves don’t crash, go to the shore
The dawn when people are striving for the shore
Take me far away.

Hey sea, I’m rushing towards you
High mountains stand between you
Your destination is far away, the roads are long
I will definitely go and find a way.

Hey sea, all the love is in you
There is light, there is magic in your beauty
You only listen and laugh quietly
Because you have love, loyalty, and affection.

Hey sea, you live in my imagination
The waves beat softly in my heart
I know! You have been waiting for me, sea
I will go to you, I am close.

                 Nilufar Tokhtaboyeva

Uzbekistan 

When The Chalice Rises

No one knows

if the sacred narrative is

like the church fathers

tell us

Collected events

from distant a past

reported by rumours

that speak of hell and heaven

of Cain and Abel

of the Magdalen

the snake and the apple

Everything suggests

imaginary stories

for foolish and gullible people

told in an archaic language

the modernity refuses

to understand

But when on the altar

the chalice rises

in reverent silence

bow the bystanders  their heads