Young Latina woman with light brown curly hair, earrings, and a blue and yellow and white patterned top. Digital image overlaid with stars.
Beyond the Stars
The stars are but holes in the sky’s cloak,
where whispers of nameless worlds seep through.
I search for your shadow in every crevice,
like a river seeking the sea in the desert.
Your voice is an echo trapped in the crystal of years,
shattering into a thousand flashes with every breath.
I gather it with hands of dampness and salt,
like one who collects fragments of the moon on the edge of night.
Time is a tapestry of invisible threads,
stitching our lives to bodies of stone.
But we are the thread that escapes the loom,
twisting around the heart of the universe.
Beyond the stars, there is no darkness:
there is a sea of light where
weightless memories swim.
There, your smile is an island of cold fire,
and I am the wind that caresses it
without touching it.
Our love is a silence that takes shape,
like the space between the notes of a song never sung.
It lives in the place where dreams end
and things that don’t need to be said begin…
GRACIELA NOEMI VILLAVERDE is a writer and poet from Concepción del Uruguay (Entre Rios) Argentina, based in Buenos Aires She graduated in letters and is the author of seven books of poetry, awarded several times worldwide. She works as the World Manager of Educational and Social Projects of the Hispanic World Union of Writers and is the UHE World Honorary President of the same institution’s Activa de la Sade, Argentine Society of Writers. She is the Commissioner of Honor in the executive cabinet in the Educational and Social Relations Division of the UNACCC South America – Argentina Chapter.
Munavvar Tlewbaeva was born on June 6, 2005, in Chimboy District of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. She graduated from the academic lyceum of NMPI with a specialization in social and humanitarian sciences. Currently, she is a third-year student at the Chimboy Faculty of Berdakh Karakalpak State University, majoring in Philology and Language Teaching (Karakalpak language).
She is fluent in Karakalpak, Uzbek, and Turkish. She has a strong interest in creative writing, enjoys writing poems and short stories, and is actively engaged in translation.
From slander’s stones, abruptly crushed and bruised,
In silent nights it wept, unseen, alone.
The heart still yearns to rise and live once more,
It cries aloud: O Lord Almighty, hear!
Though innocent, I stand condemned, O God,
From You alone I beg for refuge now.
If nothing’s left of me but brittle bones,
Let that remain — I ask for nothing more.
The heart still longs, still aches to be reborn.
Orinboyeva Madinabonu is a first-year student of Group 25.23, majoring in Pedagogy, at the Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology, and Art Studies of Fergana State University. She is a holder of a National Certificate and the author of numerous articles.
Teacher of the Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy
Kudratova Nozima Bahromovna
Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy, 1st year student, Faculty of Philology
E-mail: qudratovanozima@gmail.com
Annotation: This article explores the linguistic features present in the works of the renowned literary figure Tog‘ay Murod, distinguished for his profound narratives and unique style. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study highlights key linguistic elements that define Murod’s writing, offering insight into his literary techniques and contributions to the cultural and artistic landscape.
Introduction. Tog‘ay Murod stands as a prominent figure in modern Uzbek literature, celebrated for his captivating storytelling and innovative narrative approach. His works have long fascinated both readers and critics, prompting scholarly interest in the linguistic elements that form the foundation of his distinctive literary voice. This article examines the recurrent linguistic features within Murod’s works, revealing the craftsmanship behind his style and illuminating the essence of his literary genius.
Murod’s literary corpus spans various genres—from prose to poetic narratives—each crafted with its own linguistic precision. His prose is characterized by rich imagery, metaphorical language, and nuanced character development, all of which create immersive storytelling experiences for the reader. Moreover, his use of symbolism, allegory, and intertextuality adds layers of depth, inviting readers to engage with multiple levels of interpretation.
Linguistic Characteristics in Murod’s Works
Beyond his narrative mastery, Murod’s poetic works demonstrate exceptional linguistic rhythm and lyrical expression. By artistically arranging words and sounds, he captures the essence of emotion and human experience, creating a deep resonance with readers. His exploration of linguistic ambiguity and semantic complexity contributes to an intellectual dimension that encourages readers to reflect on the subtleties of language and meaning.A systematic approach—combining close reading, stylistic analysis, and comparative research—was employed to examine Murod’s linguistic techniques. Works representing different periods of his creative activity and covering diverse themes were analyzed. Textual fragments were studied for recurring linguistic patterns, rhetorical devices, and stylistic choices, providing a comprehensive understanding of his unique writing style.
One of Murod’s most notable contributions lies in his transformation of the natural speech of ordinary people from the Surkhan region into a literary stylistic device. He was among the first to elevate this regional vernacular to the level of a refined artistic tool. Following in the footsteps of earlier creators, he developed his own perspective on literary style.
Researcher M. Khidirova describes language as the foundation of literary structure, noting: “A literary work is like a tower. It has its own foundation. The lifespan of the work depends on this foundation. The foundation of a literary work is language. Life begins with language and ends with language.” This, the linguistic worldview of Tog‘ay Murod embodies a philosophical understanding of language as both an artistic and spiritual necessity. His unique stylistic mastery continues to serve as a school of artistic skill for young writers, especially at a time when the Uzbek language is flourishing as a state language and its preservation and development are of great importance.
Theoretical Perspectives on Style
Classical and contemporary scholars alike have offered insights into the formation of literary style. The eminent scholar Abdurauf Fitrat emphasized that as a writer matures artistically, a distinctive style emerges: “As a poet or writer rises in artistic mastery, he begins to create a style peculiar to himself. When his imagination, thought, and understanding reach maturity, a unique style naturally appears”. Literary critic O. Sharafiddinov likewise described style as an all-encompassing phenomenon permeating every aspect of a writer’s work: “A writer’s style is like air—we breathe it without noticing its components. Style is the spirit of creativity, the subtle fragrance present in every work”.
Accordingly, Tog‘ay Murod’s reflections on artistic language and style deserve special attention. Language, artistic vision, and literary technique interact harmoniously in his works, shaping an individual and unrepeatable style formed through philosophical perception, cultural identity, and narrative skill. Tog‘ay Murod’s Creative Language is widely recognized for his original and vivid prose, which resembles poetic narrative in both rhythm and imagery. Even casual readers familiar with modern Uzbek literature can easily identify his works by their expressive, colorful, and deeply lyrical language. This distinctive quality sets him apart from other writers. In works such as Otamdan qolgan dalalar (“Fields Left by My Father”) and Bu dunyoda o‘lib bo‘lmaydi (“One Cannot Die in This World”), Murod won the admiration of readers by portraying the sincere and humble people of the Surkhan region—their hardships, aspirations, and inner worlds. His language is deliberately simple, flowing, and deeply rooted in folk expression. He skillfully incorporates proverbs, idioms, synonyms, archaic words, and dialectal expressions, enriching the artistic imagery of his narrative.
Folk speech enhances the authenticity and emotional connection of his works. For example, dialectal words such as baycha, jigit, bova, iyarmoq, angnib yotmoq, and yonashtirmoq vividly illustrate the regional character of his narratives: “I told the boys to lie down by the river and keep watch.”
Discussion. The linguistic features identified throughout Murod’s works emphasize his innovative approach to storytelling and his profound connection to language as a tool of artistic expression. By blending imagery, metaphor, symbolism, and intertextual references, he creates multilayered narratives that resonate deeply with readers. Moreover, his linguistic versatility allows him to traverse different genres and thematic landscapes, demonstrating the breadth and depth of his creative vision.
Conclusion and Recommendations. In conclusion, the study of Tog‘ay Murod’s linguistic features reveals a writer of exceptional talent and intellectual depth whose works continue to captivate and inspire audiences worldwide. Future research may further explore specific aspects of his linguistic style—such as dialect usage, narrative voice, or linguistic innovation. Comparative analyses with other literary traditions may also offer valuable insights into the evolution of literary language and expression. Ultimately, the linguistic richness of Tog‘ay Murod’s works serves as a testament to the enduring power of language to illuminate human experience and provoke thought. As readers engage with his texts, they embark on a journey of linguistic discovery, uncovering layers of meaning and developing a deeper appreciation for the art of storytelling.
References
1. A. Fitrat. Adabiyot qoidalari. Tashkent: O‘qituvchi, 1995.
2. O. Sharafiddinov. Iste’dod jilolari. Tashkent.
3. T. Murod. Oydinda yurgan odamlar. G‘. G‘ulom Literature and Art Publishing House, Tashkent, 1985.
4. U. Jo‘raqulov. Nazariy poetika masalalari: Muallif, Janr, Xronotop. G‘. G‘ulom Publishing, Tashkent, 2015, pp. 148–150.
5. U. Faulkner. Qora musiqa. Yangi Asr Avlodi Publishing, Tashkent, 2018.
Qudratova Nozima Bahrom qizi Denov Tadbirkorlik va pedagogika instituti talabasi.
Filologiya fakulteti o’zbek tili va adabiyoti 1-kurs talabasi. Millati o’zbek. Jinsi ayol
Words are not enough to describe your grace, My eyes rejoice when I see your face. I write these verses to praise your name, My dear land, my home, my eternal flame. Famous across seven worlds, you stand, You are my Koson, my precious land.
Your poet sons lived for the motherland’s sake, With souls like Abdulla, for your honor’s sake. No barrier can stop your path or your stride, My garden, my freedom, my source of pride. To the great Oripov, you were the home, You are my Koson, where greatness has grown.
So many poets have lived on your soil, With pens in their hands, with wisdom and toil. Abdulla and Rozimurodov walked your ways, Inspiring the poets and earning our praise. A land of inspiration, a gift so rare, The pride of Qashqadaryo, beyond compare.
I want the whole world to know of your name, To honor your glory and recognize your fame. Let my humble poem sing of your worth, You are my theme, my place of birth. You’ve taken your place deep in my heart, My Koson, from whom I shall never part.
By God’s will, a poet I have become, Taking my pen, my song has begun. I’ve woven your name into every line, A world-famous dwelling, ancient and fine. The pride of Qashqadaryo, forever you’ll be, My Koson, you are the world to me.
Ozodbek Narzullayev was born on December 20, 2006, in the village of Boʻston, Koson district, Qashqadaryo region. He is the author of the book titled ‘Qalb kechinmalari’ (Reflections of the Soul). He has also been honored with numerous diplomas and certificates for his achievements.
THE DECLINE IN COGNITIVE RESILIENCE AS A RESULT OF CONSTANT INTERNET CONSUMPTION JO’RABEK MUHAMMADOLIMOV 11TH-GRADE STUDENT (CLASS 11-03) NAMANGAN CITY SPECIALIZED BOARDING SCHOOL NO. 1 muhammadolimovjorabek@gmail.com Abstract: In this article, we discuss the concept of cognitive resilience and its impact on our psychological well-being. The research examines the human brain’s reflexes in response to unexpected situations. Furthermore, it analyzes practical methods to enhance cognitive resilience systematically—not just as a temporary measure, but by integrating it into daily life habits.
Introduction: In human history, information has never been as accessible as it is today; however, this convenience is leading to a steady cognitive decline. In recent years, constant and unregulated internet use has resulted in a sharp decrease in cognitive resilience. The root of this problem lies in the brain’s adaptation to ‘dopamine-driven rewards’ (such as new notifications and short-form videos), which subsequently leads to a fragmented attention span. This article analyzes how the internet limits the scope of human thought and explores methods to restore cognitive stability. The choice of this topic is driven by the increasing difficulty of achieving deep learning in today’s era of ‘fast-paced consumption
Research methodology: In this research, scientific methods were applied to determine the extent to which constant internet consumption leads to a decline in cognitive resilience. The research design incorporates theoretical analysis, comparative methods, and psychological testing. In the initial phase, relevant scientific literature and international statistical data were reviewed to establish the theoretical framework regarding the impact of digital technologies on brain activity.
Subsequently, the participants’ daily Screen Time was analyzed, and they were categorized into two groups: excessive internet users and moderate users. Special cognitive tests and surveys were conducted to measure these groups’ ability to focus, think logically, and withstand intellectual fatigue. In the final stage, the collected data were compared to determine the direct correlation between increased time spent online and the weakening of cognitive stability.
Review of used literature: According to John Sweller, the founder of Cognitive Load Theory, the excessive flow of information via the internet overloads the working memory. As a result, cognitive resilience declines, making it difficult to transfer information into long-term memory. Similarly, neuroscientists such as Gary Small have demonstrated that digital technologies alter the brain’s neural pathways, emphasizing that being constantly online drastically reduces the ability to maintain focus.
In exploring the psychophysiological aspects of this topic, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s “Flow Theory” is of great significance; it suggests that constant internet distractions (notifications) prevent individuals from entering a state of deep immersion in a single task. Furthermore, Linda Stone describes this phenomenon as “continuous partial attention,” arguing that this state leads the nervous system toward chronic fatigue and the ultimate loss of cognitive resilience.
Analysis and results: To determine the participants’ cognitive resilience, tests for attention stability, information processing speed, and K. Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were utilized. The study involved 30 participants, categorized based on their daily internet consumption. The results indicate a direct inverse correlation: as internet usage increases, focus and intellectual endurance levels significantly decline.
Internet Consumption
Attention Stability
Cognitive Fatigue
Information Absorption
Low (1-2 hours)
75%
12%
High
Moderate (3-5 hours)
48%
42%
Medium
High (6+ hours)
18%
86%
Low
The high level of cognitive fatigue (85%) in the high-usage group is explained by “Digital Fatigue” syndrome. Participants in this category exhibited fragmented attention and a reduction in working memory capacity when performing complex logical tasks. Conversely, moderate users demonstrated significantly higher levels of cognitive stability.
The study confirms that constant internet consumption adapts the brain to “short and light” information, making individuals less resilient to prolonged, complex mental labor. However, following a briefing on digital hygiene, 22% of participants showed signs of recovery in work efficiency and attention management.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis, it was proven that participants with more than 6 hours of daily screen time have an attention span 40-50% lower than moderate users. This indicates that the digital environment tends to weaken long-term intellectual focus. The study revealed that participants who employ constructive coping strategies (such as intentional internet use and limiting notifications) maintain higher levels of cognitive resilience. Conversely, unregulated and disorganized internet consumption was confirmed to be the primary cause of chronic mental fatigue and fragmented attention. It is necessary to introduce “digital detox” periods within the education and labor systems to restore cognitive resources.
The development of specialized methodological manuals is recommended to help users form information filtering and “deep work” skills. Mirziyoyeva, S. Sh. (2024).Development of Cognitive Processes and Intellectual Health in the Digital Environment. Tashkent: “Fan va Texnologiyalar” Publishing House.
G’oziyev, E. E. (2010).General Psychology: Psychophysiology of Attention and Memory. Tashkent: Universitet Publishing House.
Carr, N. (2021).The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains (Modern Perspectives). New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
Boymurodov, N. (2023).Psychological and Mental Labor Hygiene in the Age of Modern Information Technologies. Tashkent: Yangi Asr Avlodi.
Smith, J. & Johnson, K. (2025).Digital Consumption and Cognitive Resistance in Young Adults: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 119(3), 88-105.
Karimova, V. M. (2022).Impact of Social Media Addiction on the Intellectual Potential of Students. Scientific Bulletin of the National University of Uzbekistan.
Sweller, J. (2023).Cognitive Load Theory and Digital Learning Environments. Educational Research Review, 21(1).
ZiyoNET Library. (2024).Psychological Characteristics of the Digital Generation in Uzbekistan: Statistical Analysis and Scientific Conclusions.
