THE USE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN MODERN MASS MEDIA AND SOCIAL NETWORKS

Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
Faculty of Romance and Germanic
Languages
Philology and Language Teaching
(French)
2nd-Year Student
Dildora Abdullayeva
Mukhiddin kizi abdullayevadildora006@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the specific features of using phraseological units in the language of modern mass media and social networks. It highlights how the dynamic nature of the media environment and the need to capture audience attention contribute to the active use of phraseological expressions as expressive tools. The study examines the functional and stylistic role of phraseological units in media headlines, journalistic texts, and social media content, as well as their transformations, shortened forms, and meme-based variants. Additionally, the emotional, pragmatic, and communicative functions of phraseological units in media discourse are explored.
Keywords: phraseological units, media language, social networks, media discourse, stylistic function, meme culture, transformation.

KIRISH
Modern media and social networks are the most active social platforms that directly affect human thinking, speech and cultural communication. The agility of the Medial environment, short and touching reporting encourage journalists, content creators to use expressive means in their lives. Phraseologisms are therefore becoming one of the most effective language units in this process.
The study and research of phraseological units has long been of interest to linguistic scientists. Until the 19th century, phrases were studied in lexicology, in which only their meanings and etymology were described.

New issues facing society in today’s globalization process, such as environmental crisis, gender inequality, or corruption, are also reflected in phraseological units. This article is aimed at analyzing how phraseologisms reflect the social life of not only the Uzbek people, but also humanity as a whole. Today, issues such as the purpose of using phraseological units, their transformation, the process of becoming a meme on social networks, semantic changes, and their impact on the audience have not been sufficiently studied.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Semantic (meaning) and stylistic (methodological) analysis of phraseologisms in Media is carried out, and their function (function) in the text is determined. In this, the meaning of phraseologisms, through what stylistic means it is used, and its role in creating additional meaning and influence in the text are investigated. When the talk of phraseology began, schwetzar wrote that the French scientist Sh.It is impossible to remember Balli, who initially wrote his own book, ” Traite de stylistique française Bally. Ch. 1921), referring to frzeology. The term phraseological Bulic was the first to be applied to linguistics by V.Introduced by V Vinogradov. [Vinogradov, V.V.: 1946). Currently linguists. Although proverbs and sayings are also taught at the level of phraseological units, we will only consider units that are specific to idioms below.

Structural (grammatical) analysis :Phraseologism mainly represents character and action, and they belong to the category that grammatically denotes character or action. Most phraseologisms in French are phraseologisms that are related to the verb phrase category. Examples include avoir du sang de poulet – être paresseux, être lâché-be a coward.

Semantic analysis: in French, category SEMAS in the semantic content of phrasemes rely on phraseological meaning-for example
Lexical-semantic analysis: phraseologisms of the verb category: Fowler aux pieds-to behold, rendre, faire hommage à qqn-to respect
Stylistic analysis: verb, noun, ravish, adjective word-type phraseological units are widely used in newspapers and magazines, increasing textual impressiveness and serving to enhance communicativeness. Parler dans le vide, parler sans effet, parler en l’air – to talk in vain, that is, to talk too much. Ça ne mange pas de pain, il n’y a pas de risque-no harm.

Connotative meaning: quelque chose qui cloche – something is not working well, Ne vous en faites pas, Ne vous inquiéte pas – don’t worry

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
Idiomatic Expression Literary Standard Spoken Mem – Tik tok Analysis Results
Prendre son temps To be on time, not to rush Go quietly, Do not hurry Chill, No stress Expressed humorously in memes, enriched with more emojis
Raconter des salades Lie Lying, telling lies Blah blah again,He’s telling me stories In memes, phrases are shortened and can be used in a humorous tone.
Avoir le cœur sur la main Be generous Be kind Trop good ce mec, heart, big Tone increases in social networks
En faire une montagne Making an elephant from a fly Exaggerate OMG it doesn’t matter Short phrases are used in memes

Pleuvoir des cordes It’s raining heavily. It’s raining in torrent Rain mode Memes are used with emojis.
Remuer ciel et terre To act with all his might Do everything I move everything, Going ill in The memes use emojis and English idioms.
Se bouffer le nez Fight tirelessly Arguing, getting angry, violently They slam each otherFight mode On We use emotional and short phrases in memes.
Changer de disque Changing the subject during a conversation Change the subject, move on Ok next topic, change thé vibe We use mixed idioms in English in memes.
Ouvrir son cœur Open your heart Confide in yourself, speak frankly I tell you everything Memes are enriched with emojis

According to the results of my observations for a long time, these phrases are very common on the Sorbonne and @FrancaisAvecMoiii channels in the telegram channel mettre la main à la pâte and and ouvrir son cœur. These phrases are used officially. This section shows the characteristics of how phraseological units collected as a result of our research are used in modern French. In the table, each phrase is presented in terms of official, literary, oral familier and methods of use in social networks. In addition the phrases se bouffer le nez and remuer ciel et terre are common on youtube and instagram channels. French.Schol.tv and Français Avec Pierre can be observed on social pages.

The phrase En faire une montagne can also be used in literary language, official articles, oral familier case and memes. In memes, the phrase is used to express humor and laughter. The meaning of this phrase is to make an elephant out of a fly, that is, to make a big tragedy out of a small thing.

The idiom Pleuvoir des cordes is used in literary language, oral familier and memes,social media. This phrase we can use in official articles, press, official descriptions, and in the mouth-in everyday conversation. In memes, this phrase is used to describe heavy rain with visual humor.

REVIEW OF USED LITERATURE
In his article on the structural properties of phraseological units, Iskandarova Mohira gave examples of Idioms on verb, noun, vowel, adjective word categories. The article also addresses the stylistic, semantic, connotative meaning, structural, and lexical semantic learning of phraseological units. When the talk of frzeology began, schwetzar wrote that the French scientist Sh.It is impossible to remember Balli, who initially wrote his own book, ” Traite de stylistique française Bally. Ch. 1921), referring to frzeology.The origin of phraseology, what it means, has made these clear. Schwetzar was the son of a French nobleman, Sh. Recalling Balli, he originally wrote his own book, ” Traite de stylistique française Bally. Ch. 1921), referring to frzeology.

The term phraseological units was the first to be applied to linguistics by V. Introduced by V Vinogradov. [Vinogradov, V.B.: 1946). Currently linguists. aphorism, who also taught Proverbs at the phraseological unit level, he considers only those units that are characteristic of the idiom.

Phraseology is an important area of linguistics and studies sustainable expressions that embody the cultural memory, worldview and historical experience of the people. Since the beginning of the 20th Century, V.V. Vinogradov, A.V. Kunin, B.A. Larin, N.N. Scientists such as Amosova have scientifically substantiated the classification, semantic nature, origin and linguistic features of phraseological units. In Uzbek linguistics, Sh. Rahmatullaev and A.E. Mamatov developed this field and conducted in-depth research on the role of phraseology in expressing national identity.

CONCLUSION
During the study, it was found that phraseological units are actively used in modern French, especially in media and social networks. Observations have shown that many phrases are used identically in formal, literary, and oral speech, while on the internet they adapt to the form of meme, shorthand, or humor. This suggests that medial speech is dynamic and influential. In general, phraseologisms are manifested in modern communication as an important tool that increases figurativeness, emotionality and expressive power.

REFERENCES

1.Bally, Ch. (1921). Traité de stylistique française (2e éd.). Heidelberg. 1-79 c.

2. Iskandarova, M. (n.d.). Frazeologik birliklarning struktur xususiyatlari. France International Scientific Conference: Scientific Approach to the Modern Education System, Part 12, 5th February.
3. Meliqo‘ziyeva, O‘. (2023). Frazeologik birliklarning asosiy xususiyatlari va ularning ma’nolari. Theoretical Aspects in the Formation of Pedagogical Sciences: International scientific-online conference.
   4.Qurbonova, G. S. (2021). Fransuz va o‘zbek tillaridagi to‘qima frazeologizmlarning qiyosiy tahlili. Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, Educational, Natural and Social Sciences, 1(1). https://cyberleninka.ru
4. Виноградов, В. В. (1946). Основные понятия русской фразеологии. Труды юбилейной научной сессии ЛГУ, 203 с.

COMMON GRAMMAR ERRORS FOUND IN STUDENTS’ WRITING AND WAYS TO REDUCE THEM

Zunnira Almatova
Diyora Qobilova
Sabrina Mengqobilova
Denov tadbirkorlik va pedagogika instituti 1-kurs talabalari

Abstract

This paper explores the most common grammar errors found in students’ writing and examines practical strategies to reduce them. Frequent mistakes such as subject–verb agreement errors, tense misuse, article omission, incorrect prepositions, sentence fragments, and word order problems are analyzed in detail. The study also discusses the underlying causes of these errors, including first language interference, limited exposure to authentic texts, insufficient practice, and lack of corrective feedback. The findings highlight the importance of integrating explicit grammar instruction with writing practice, extensive reading, collaborative learning, and systematic error correction. The paper concludes that a balanced, targeted approach can significantly improve students’ grammatical accuracy and overall writing proficiency.

KEY WORDS: grammar errors; student writing; subject–verb agreement; tense misuse; article errors; prepositions; sentence structure; error correction; academic writing; language learning.

The Role of Sentence Structure in Writing
Sentence structure plays a fundamental role in effective writing because it determines how clearly, logically, and powerfully a writer’s ideas reach the reader. Writing is not only about choosing the right words; it is about arranging those words in a meaningful and organized way. A well-structured sentence guides the reader through the writer’s thoughts, allowing ideas to flow smoothly from one point to another. When sentences are crafted with attention to clarity and logical order, the message becomes more impactful and easier to understand.

Writers often face difficulties not because they lack vocabulary, but because their sentences do not convey relationships between ideas clearly. For example, if a sentence mixes multiple thoughts without proper connectors, the meaning can become confusing. Similarly, very short or poorly linked sentences may make writing feel choppy and unprofessional. On the other hand, extremely long and complex sentences can overwhelm the reader and hide the main point. This shows that good writing requires balance—sentences should be clear, logical, and appropriate in length.

Mastering sentence structure allows writers to express contrast, cause and effect, emphasis, conditions, and sequence more accurately. For instance, connectors such as “however,” “therefore,” “as a result,” and “in contrast” help the writer show how ideas relate to one another. The ability to combine clauses correctly also helps writers build arguments, explain concepts, and support opinions more convincingly. These skills are especially important in academic and professional writing, where clarity and logical flow are essential.
Furthermore, varied sentence structures make writing more engaging. Using only simple sentences may make the text sound flat or repetitive, while combining simple, compound, and complex sentences creates rhythm and sophistication. This variation keeps the reader’s attention and improves the overall quality of the writing. It also reflects the writer’s ability to think critically and express ideas flexibly.

Ultimately, sentence structure is not just a grammatical concept; it is the foundation of effective communication in writing. When writers understand how to shape sentences with precision and purpose, they are able to present their ideas in a clear, organized, and convincing way. For this reason, studying sentence structure is essential for anyone who aims to improve writing skills and produce thoughtful, well-developed texts.

Importance of Sentence Structure in Developing Coherent Writing
Sentence structure is a key indicator of how well a writer can express and organize thoughts. Coherence – the smooth and logical flow of ideas – heavily depends on how sentences are built. When sentences follow a clear structure, readers can easily track the development of arguments and understand how each idea connects to the next. This is especially important in academic writing, where clarity and logic define the quality of the text.

A coherent paragraph, for example, usually begins with a topic sentence, followed by supporting details, explanations, examples, and a concluding thought. However, even if these elements are present, the writing may still seem disorganized if the sentences lack proper connectors or if ideas are not linked grammatically. For instance, cause-and-effect relationships require specific structures such as “because,” “therefore,” or “as a result,” whereas comparisons need constructions with “although,” “however,” or “on the other hand.” Without such linguistic signals, the reader must guess the writer’s intention, which can reduce clarity and weaken the argument.

Moreover, sentence structure helps maintain the tone and style of the writing. Academic and formal writing often requires complex sentences that demonstrate critical thinking and detailed explanation. Yet, complexity must not come at the cost of readability. A well-trained writer knows how to balance complexity with clarity by using subordination, coordination, and parallelism in appropriate places. This balance makes the text both sophisticated and accessible.

Changes Writers Face with Sentence Structure

Many students struggle with constructing well-organized sentences, not because they lack ideas, but because they do not fully understand how grammatical structures support meaning. One common issue is the misuse of connectors, which leads to logical gaps or unintended shifts in meaning. For example, using “however” instead of “therefore” can completely change the interpretation of a sentence.

Another frequent challenge is incorrect clause combination. Students often join multiple ideas in one long sentence without proper punctuation or conjunctions, resulting in run-on sentences. Conversely, some writers avoid complex structures entirely and rely only on simple sentences, which makes their writing sound basic and fragmented.

Faulty parallelism is also an issue. When a writer lists ideas or constructs comparisons without maintaining grammatical parallelism, the sentence becomes awkward and harder to understand. These errors may seem small, but they significantly affect the professionalism and clarity of the writing.

To overcome these difficulties, learners must practice identifying clause types, understanding sentence patterns, and applying various connectors correctly. Regular exposure to well-written texts also helps writers internalize natural and effective sentence patterns.

Improving Writing Quality Through Structured Practice
Teaching sentence structure effectively involves combining grammar instruction with meaningful writing activities. Instead of studying grammar rules in isolation, students benefit more when they apply sentence patterns directly in writing tasks. For example, after learning about complex sentences, students can rewrite simple paragraphs using subordinate clauses to show cause, contrast, or condition. This not only reinforces grammatical knowledge but also strengthens writing skills.

Another effective method is sentence combining exercises, where students merge short, choppy sentences into more sophisticated ones. This helps them see how ideas can connect logically and how structure influences rhythm and clarity. Likewise, sentence expansion tasks—with prompts that require adding details using adverbial or adjectival clauses—encourage creativity while improving syntactic awareness.

Peer review activities also play a role in improving sentence structure. When students analyze each other’s writing, they become more aware of structural weaknesses and learn to identify common errors. This reflection helps them revise their own writing more effectively.

Overall, structured practice makes writers more confident in manipulating sentences to express meaning precisely. It also builds the foundation for strong academic writing, where clear, cohesive, and logically structured sentences are essential.

Conclusion
Sentence structure is more than a grammatical concept; it is the core of effective writing. Writers who understand how to build clear, logical, and varied sentences can communicate ideas more coherently and persuasively. By mastering the use of connectors, clause relationships, and balanced complexity, learners improve not only the quality of their sentences but the overall flow and effectiveness of their writing. Therefore, integrating sentence structure training into writing practice is essential for developing strong, independent, and confident writers.

References
Azar, B. (2007). Understanding and Using English Grammar. Pearson Education.
Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. Longman.
Ferris, D. (2011). Treatment of Error in Second Language Student Writing (2nd ed.). University of Michigan Press.
Harmer, J. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching (4th ed.). Pearson Longman.
Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. (2010). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. Longman.
Nation, I. S. P. (2009). Teaching ESL/EFL Reading and Writing. Routledge.
Ur, P. (2012). A Course in Language Teaching: Practice and Theory. Cambridge University Press.
Nunan, D. (2015). Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages: An Introduction. Routledge.
Crystal, D. (2004). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.
Ellis, R. (2008). The Study of Second Language Acquisition (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Paper Planes

The classroom smelled of pencil shavings and damp jackets. For five minutes, we folded scraps of notebook paper into planes, launching them across the room. Some glided, some wobbled, others crashed into walls. I traced their arcs with my eyes, noting collisions, ricochets, and the occasional flight that defied expectation.

Laughter erupted, papers tumbled, and yet patterns emerged: the planes avoided certain corners, landing repeatedly in familiar arcs. I folded another, adjusting the crease slightly, predicting its path, marveling that small variations led to wildly different outcomes. In that brief chaos, I glimpsed a lesson bigger than geometry: that
unpredictability is only meaningful if we observe, if we participate, if we notice the subtle orders forming inside the mess.

CONSTITUTION – A GUARANTEE OF A FREE AND PROSPEROUS LIFE

Jumanazarova Zuhra
Kattakurgan State Pedagogical Institute
Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literature, Group 24/12
Tel: +998 50 040 6125
Email: jumanazarovaz896@gmail.com

Abstract: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan ensures human rights and freedoms. At the same time, the Constitution is the law of any state, which is the legal basis for regulating all aspects of public life. The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan determines the guarantees and direction of comprehensive structures and public works implemented in the form of a constitution.
Keywords: Republic of Uzbekistan, Constitution, free life, Supreme Council, Revised Constitution, Social state, Human dignity, People’s power, welfare

Introduction
The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan is an important foundation for establishing democratic principles in the country, protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, ensuring the sustainable development of public administration and social life. It determines the path of independent development of Uzbekistan and forms a legal guarantee for the processes of reforms, creative work and modernization. In addition, we can say that in accordance with Article 20 of our Constitution in the new edition, “All contradictions and uncertainties in the legislation that arise in the relations between a person and state bodies shall be interpreted in favor of the person”

Main part
After the collapse of the USSR, the leadership of Uzbekistan began to fully take its independence into its own hands. President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov proposed to the Supreme Council of the Republic to prepare a draft law on the State Independence of the Republic in a very short period of time and submit it for discussion at an extraordinary session of the Supreme Council. After that, on August 26, 1991, the Supreme Council adopted a decision to prepare a draft law “On the State Independence of Uzbekistan”. On August 31, 1991, the extraordinary historical VI session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan was held.

At this session, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I. Karimov made a speech and in his speech analyzed the socio-political events that have occurred in the former Union in recent years, the consequences of the attempted coup, and comprehensively substantiated their direct relevance to the fate of Uzbekistan and the history of our people. He also declared the state independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan and proposed to strengthen it with a law on independence. After Islam Karimov became the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan boldly began to strengthen its state independence. First of all, state symbols were determined. After gaining independence, such urgent tasks as building a national legal state, establishing a democratic society, and forming market relations required the development of the Constitution of independent Uzbekistan.

When developing the draft Constitution, the world experience of constitutional development was studied, and the achievements achieved in the world in the field of human rights, democracy, and legislation were taken into account. In order to celebrate the adoption of the Constitution of the independent Republic of Uzbekistan, the day of the adoption of the Constitution, December 8, was declared a national holiday – the Day of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan [2]. The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan was developed independently, based on the will and wise opinions of our creative people, as well as taking into account the most advanced experience of constitutional development accumulated in the world, as well as the characteristics of our national statehood.

Our Constitution places special emphasis on the priority of the interests of the people and human rights. In particular, according to Article 7, “The people are the only source of state power,” that is, all decisions and reforms in the country must be carried out in the interests of the people. This norm strengthens the legal basis of democracy in Uzbekistan. Also, Article 20 of the new Constitution enshrines the principle that “All conflicts arising in relations between a person and state bodies shall be interpreted in favor of the person.” This ensuring the primacy of the rights of citizens and further strengthening the state’s responsibility to the people. These principles serve as the main guarantee of justice, freedom and prosperity in our country. In the process of studying the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it is worth mentioning the main principles that reveal its essence.

•An important principle of the Constitution of Uzbekistan is state sovereignty.
•Another principle of our Constitution is people’s power.
•The next principle is the division of state power into three independent branches. The division of power in the system of state power of Uzbekistan into legislative, executive and judicial branches has been legalized.

According to Article 21 of the Constitution, a single citizenship is established throughout the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. All citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, regardless of their nationality and ethnicity, constitute the people of Uzbekistan [Article 21 of the Constitution]. The adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan has become of great importance in the life of our country. It is a fundamental principle of the rule of law in our country. Became the basis for legal reforms for the development of the country.

Hundreds of laws, codes, national programs have been developed, passed public discussions, adopted, and are being implemented in all aspects of our lives. According to the law adopted on April 11, 2007, the norm that the President is the head of the executive power – the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers was removed from Article 89 of the Constitution. In addition, Article 89 stipulates that “the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the head of state and ensures the coordinated activity and cooperation of state authorities.”[2]

The new Constitution perfectly embodies the principle of self-determination, which the people have long dreamed of. Therefore, it is based on and strengthens the principle of people’s power. The expression people’s power means that all power belongs to the people in practice and in law. People’s power

Conclusion
The guarantee of freedom of entrepreneurship in the Constitution, the creation of a healthy competitive environment, the protection of the property rights and other legitimate interests of the individual indicate that the principle of the “social state” is being fully implemented in Uzbekistan. This increases the trust of our people in the state and serves as an important factor in building a prosperous life. The principles set forth in our “Basic Dictionary” — the primacy of human dignity, justice, the rule of law and loyalty to the interests of the people — form the foundation of the country’s development.

The implementation of the criteria reflected in the Constitution ensures the stability of the development of society and leads to a free and prosperous life. Therefore, adhering to each of the norms and principles set forth in our Constitution, further improving the legal framework of reforms, and ensuring their effectiveness is one of the most important tasks on the path to the prosperity of our country. In this sense, the Constitution is the confidence of our people in tomorrow and the guarantee of a prosperous future.

List of used literature
⦁ Q. Usmanov, “History of Uzbekistan, second edition”. Tashkent-2016. B-357-363.
⦁ The Updated Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. – Tashkent: “Uzbekistan” publishing house, 2023. -20-21-89-148-articles
⦁ The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. “Library of the Constitution”. 2015 – 2024 – ⦁ www.conctitution.uz
⦁ “History of Uzbekistan”. Tashkent-1998 B-64.-66.
⦁ The Constitution Library channel, useful information and manuals section, .https://constitution.uz/oz/list/articlesKarimov I.A. “Uzbekistan on the Threshold of Independence”. — Tashkent: “Uzbekistan” Publishing House, 2011.
⦁ I. Karimov, “Uzbekistan on the Threshold of Independence”. – Tashkent: “Uzbekistan” Publishing House, 2011.

National and Cultural Features of Phraseological Units in the Uzbek Language

Kokand University, Andijan Branch
Faculty of Philology and Language Teaching
Uzbek Language, Group 25-07, 1st Year Student
Habibullayeva Laylokhon Zarifjon kizi

Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek tilidagi frazeologizmlarning milliy-madaniy xususiyatlari, ularning xalq tafakkuri, qadriyatlari va turmush tarzi bilan uzviy bog‘liqligi tahlil etiladi. Frazeologik birliklarning mazmunida xalqning mentaliteti, tarixiy tajribasi, urf-odat va an’analari aks etgani ilmiy asosda yoritiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada o‘zbek tilidagi barqaror iboralarning badiiy-estetik va ma’naviy yuklamasi, ularning xalq og‘zaki ijodi hamda milliy o‘zlikni ifodalashdagi o‘rni misollar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, frazeologizmlar o‘zbek xalqining dunyoqarashi, axloqiy mezonlari va madaniy boyligini namoyon etuvchi muhim til birliklari sifatida baholanadi.

Kalit so‘zlar: frazeologizm, milliy madaniyat, xalq tafakkuri, qadriyat, mentalitet, an’ana, o‘zlik, til, badiiy ifoda.

Annotation:
This article analyzes the national and cultural features of phraseologisms in the Uzbek language and their close connection with the people’s mentality, values, and way of life. It is scientifically substantiated that the meanings of phraseological units reflect the historical experience, traditions, and worldview of the Uzbek people. The article also examines the artistic, aesthetic, and spiritual significance of stable expressions in Uzbek, illustrating their role in folk creativity and in expressing national identity. The research concludes that phraseologisms are important linguistic units that represent the worldview, moral principles, and cultural richness of the Uzbek nation.

Keywords: phraseologism, national culture, folk mentality, values, mentality, tradition, identity, language, artistic expression.

Аннотация:
В данной статье анализируются национально-культурные особенности фразеологизмов в узбекском языке, их тесная связь с народным менталитетом, ценностями и образом жизни. Научно обосновано, что в значении фразеологических единиц отражаются исторический опыт, традиции и мировоззрение узбекского народа. В статье рассматриваются художественно-эстетическая и духовная значимость устойчивых выражений, их роль в устном народном творчестве и выражении национальной самобытности. В результате исследования установлено, что фразеологизмы являются важными языковыми единицами, отражающими мировоззрение, моральные принципы и культурное богатство узбекского народа.
Ключевые слова: фразеологизм, национальная культура, народное мышление, ценности, менталитет, традиции, самобытность, язык, художественное выражение.

INTRODUCTION
The language of every nation is its spiritual wealth and an expression of its mentality. Through language, a nation reflects its worldview, traditions, and historical lifestyle. In this regard, phraseology is considered one of the brightest examples of national thinking and culture. Phraseological units in the Uzbek language also deeply reflect the lifestyle, values, and psychology of the Uzbek people. Expressing a simple idea through phraseology gives speech imagery and expressiveness. Nowadays, their usage has become common in social networks, memes, and advertisements. For example, the phrase “to disconnect from the Internet” is understood as being left behind from news or trends.

Many linguists have thoroughly studied Uzbek phraseology. For instance, Sh. Rahmatullayev is one of the founders of Uzbek phraseology. He compiled the Explanatory Dictionary of Uzbek Phraseological Units and developed the theoretical foundations of phraseology. N. Mahmudov conducted research on the role of phraseological units in literary language and their national-cultural aspects.

Phraseological units of the Uzbek language are linguistic elements that reflect the nation’s history and way of life. The contribution of the above-mentioned scholars is invaluable in the scientific study of these expressions.
The main purpose of this article is to study the national-cultural features of Uzbek phraseological units and analyze their usage on artificial intelligence platforms.

MAIN PART
At the beginning of the 20th century, phraseological units began to be studied as a separate field of linguistics. The general theoretical issues of phraseology were first investigated by the French linguist Charles Bally. In his works, Charles Bally systematized word combinations and, based on their meanings and syntactic features, referred to the stable combinations used as a whole as phraseological units.¹ According to Sh. Rahmatullayev, many expressions originate from ancient Turkic languages and have preserved their meanings to this day. In the studies of E. Begmatov and M. Mirtojiyev, the lifestyle, values, traditions, and mentality of the Uzbek people are revealed through phraseological units. Phraseological units are closely connected with the life, values, and national-cultural characteristics of the people. They enrich the artistic expressive possibilities of the language and add expressiveness, imagery, and national spirit to speech.

Review of sources used
During the preparation of this article, several scientific sources related to issues of phraseology were utilized. In her research, M. Asqarova provides detailed information about the lexical-semantic features of Uzbek phraseological units, their structural types, and their role in the language. The scholar’s views served as an important source in shaping the theoretical foundations of phraseology. Based on her scientific views, phraseological units represent the richest layer of the people’s language and culture, embodying their spiritual world, lifestyle, and national-cultural characteristics.

As a result of the works of A. Madlayeva and A. Hojiyev, phraseology has been recognized as a separate branch of Uzbek linguistics. The structure, meaning, types, and grammatical features of phraseological units have been clearly defined.
Use of Phraseological Units on Artificial Intelligence Platforms
In today’s era of globalization, artificial intelligence and digital technologies are creating new interpretations of linguistic units. Platforms such as ChatGPT, Google, and DeepL work with phraseological units during translation, processing, and text analysis. However, the national color of language is most vividly expressed through phraseology itself. Artificial intelligence often translates phraseological units literally or interprets them incorrectly. Therefore, deep linguistic knowledge is required to correctly identify and contextually translate phraseological expressions.

For example, phraseological units such as “miyasi qotmoq” (to be confused), “kallasiga keltirmoq” (to realize), “tishi o’tmoq” (to become experienced) may be translated by AI literally as “freeze of brain”, “bring to head”, or “tooth becomes sharp”. This leads to distortion of meaning.
That is why, in the process of integrating phraseological units into AI platforms, the following aspects must be taken into account:
historical formation of the expression connection with national mentality semantic field usage contexts.

Conclusion

In conclusion, phraseological units are the richest layer of a nation’s worldview, cultural memory, and mentality. They create imagery in language, give speech a national spirit, and express meaning more strongly. Since the 20th century, phraseology has developed as an independent scientific field in Uzbek linguistics and continues to develop consistently even today. In the modern digital era, the correct application of phraseological units on artificial intelligence platforms is becoming increasingly relevant. This process plays an important scientific and practical role in correctly integrating the richness of the Uzbek language into the global information space, preserving the national linguistic heritage, and transferring the cultural spirit of the people to future generations.

References
Shirvonova, Z. A. (2023). Dissertation. Termiz.
Rahmatullayev, Sh. (1978). Modern Uzbek Literary Language. Tashkent: O‘quvchi.
Ma’rufov, Z. M. (1981). Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language. Moscow: Russian Language Publishing.
Khodjaeva, Sh. R. Article.
Rahmatullayev, Sh. (2006). Modern Uzbek Language. Tashkent: University Publishing.
Abdurahmonov, G. On the Modern Uzbek Language. Tashkent.

MODERN DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN EDUCATION

Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and.                      Pedagogica Faculty of Philology
Philology and Teaching Languages:                               Uzbek Language   1st-year student
Rashidova Shohsanam 
sohsanam719@gmail.com 

Abstract: This article discusses the modern development processes of the Uzbek language, the internal and external factors influencing its evolution, and the role of the language in the educational system. The study analyzes how the digital age affects linguistic changes, innovations in youth speech, and modern approaches applied in teaching Uzbek. The article also examines the importance of the Uzbek language in the development of society and highlights urgent issues related to its preservation and improvement.

Keywords: Uzbek language, education, language development, modern approaches, digital era, linguistic culture.

The spiritual world of a nation, its worldview, and historical memory are reflected, first of all, in its language. The Uzbek language, with its ancient history and rich lexical and grammatical system, is one of the most valuable cultural assets of our people. In today’s era of globalization and rapid technological progress, the development of language is accelerating, acquiring new forms and content.

Particularly, changes in youth communication, the influence of digital technologies, and modernization in the education system show that the Uzbek language is entering a new stage of development.
For students specializing in philology, it is essential to understand these processes thoroughly, analyze them scientifically, and convey accurate knowledge of the language to future generations. Therefore, this topic is highly relevant today.

Main Part

Modern Development Tendencies of the Uzbek Language
Throughout its history, the Uzbek language has undergone several evolutionary phases, with unique changes in each period. In the current age of globalization, the transformation of the language has become more dynamic.

Recent years show the following noticeable trends:

Expansion of the Lexicon

Technological, economic, and educational innovations are enriching the Uzbek vocabulary. Examples include digital sphere: online, mobile app, scanner, platform economics: startup, investment, competitiveness education: media literacy, interactive methods, credit-module system. These changes demonstrate the language’s adaptability to modern life.

Growth of Internet-based Vocabulary
Young people actively use social media and online terminology, leading to the widespread usage of words such as: like, trend, repost, channel, content, etc. While natural, this trend increases the need to preserve linguistic norms and cultural correctness.

Simplification in pronunciation and grammar
In spoken speech, many words are pronounced in shortened or simplified forms, for example:
“bo‘lyapti → boptimi”,“borayapsan → borvossan”.Linguists consider this part of the dynamic development of speech.

The Role of the Uzbek Language in Education

Teaching the Uzbek language goes beyond grammar; it shapes students’ thinking, communication skills, and cultural awareness. The educational process faces several important tasks:
Applying modern pedagogical technologies Today’s education effectively uses multimedia tools, electronic resources, and online platforms. These help to: increase student engagement, develop independent thinking, make learning more interesting.

Developing speech culture

Knowing the language is not enough; one must use it correctly and elegantly. Therefore, the following aspects require attention: correct pronunciation, expanding vocabulary, mastering literary norms, reducing unnecessary slang in speech.

National values and language

The Uzbek language reflects national identity, traditions, and the wisdom of ancestors. Literary works, folklore, and historical sources form an inseparable part of language education. Thus, connecting language classes with national values is essential.

New Opportunities in Teaching Uzbek in the Digital Era

Digital tools significantly increase the effectiveness of language learning. For example: audio and video materials improve pronunciation, interactive tests boost student participation,
online dictionaries enrich vocabulary, applications make lessons more engaging. For teachers, digital tools also provide advantages such as electronic lesson plans, online assessments, and multimedia-supported teaching.

Conclusion

The Uzbek language today is developing rapidly, synthesizing ancient traditions with modern innovations. While digital technologies enrich the language with new expressions and opportunities, protecting its literary norms and national essence remains a crucial task. Improving the methodology of teaching Uzbek, applying new pedagogical technologies, and cultivating students’ speech culture are among the most important objectives of modern education.
Language is the spirit of the nation. Preserving and developing it is the responsibility of each of us.

                  References

1. Karimov N. Issues of Uzbek Language Development. Tashkent: Fan, 2020.
2. Yuldoshev A. Introduction to Linguistics. Tashkent, 2019.
3. Qodirova D. Methodology of Teaching the Uzbek Language. Tashkent, 2021.
4. Mamajonov M. Digital Era and Language Culture. Samarkand, 2022.
5. Kholmatov O. Foundations of Modern Linguistics. Tashkent, 2020.

Gratitude


under the bright tree

in its shadow we sip wine

listening to birdsongs 



not for the presents 

but for the muffled quiet

of fresh fallen snow



I set an extra plate 

the candlelight flickers twice

her presence or draft



grilled eel feast

the stray cat licks 

its empty bowl 



second helping 

on the plate

summer cuisine