FACTORS FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute

Lecturer: Rayimova Dilfuza Abdinabiyevna

Abstract This article discusses the theoretical foundations of developing students’ communication competence, the importance of mastering their native language and improving the level of speech communication skills, and highlights the system of professionally significant qualities. It also emphasizes the need to focus on methodological support for diagnosing professional mastery.

Keywords language education, ability to communicate, fostering the quality of enjoying communication, cultivating aesthetic education, developing independent thinking. The aim is to enhance student competence through such communication.

Main Part Taking into account that language develops as society progresses, the issue of enriching native language teaching with new developmental methods is becoming increasingly relevant. Students should be taught that learning and teaching the secrets of our native language through interactive and innovative methods, while ensuring deep and nationally rooted understanding, is necessary. In higher educational institutions, it is important to ensure the continuity of teaching the Uzbek language, strengthen students’ orthographic and stylistic literacy, and create mechanisms to raise language skills and communication competence to an advanced level.

The necessity of implementing reforms and modernizing the content of native language (Uzbek) education at all levels of schooling is essential. This enables students of higher education institutions to further develop their abilities of deep thinking, listening, and communicating in their mother tongue, while also applying innovative educational technologies in this process. Uzbek pedagogical scholars have underlined that developing students into well-rounded individuals requires systematic scientific-theoretical approaches. 

In Uzbekistan, purposeful and systematic measures are being carried out to improve the content and thematic quality of Uzbek language education as the national and state language.

For example, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor U.I. Inoyatov emphasizes the theoretical and organizational-methodological foundations of monitoring and managing the quality of education, stressing that one of the important factors in professional and human thinking is language and speech competence. Methodologist M. Sobirova’s fundamental research explores theoretical and practical aspects of improving professional specialization. Researcher O.A. Abduquddusov addresses integrative approaches in training young and future specialists, focusing on solutions to the problems of thinking, language, and speech. D. Yuldasheva highlights the problem of preparing specialists with professional mastery and eloquent speech. Scholars such as Ibragimova G., Azimova I., Ziyodullayeva G., and Murodova A. explore issues such as developing interactive creativity, the psycholinguistic basis for improving linguistic skills in native language teaching, the role of rule systems in shaping communicative competence, and the importance of listening and comprehension in native language learning.

Teaching our national language requires clearly explaining and instilling the unique lifestyle, ethnography, and traditions of the Uzbek people that are preserved in the language. For this, it is essential to effectively use comparison, contrast, and generalization methods and technologies in teaching. It is the duty of a native language teacher to ensure that students understand the essence of concepts and terms, which are linguistic units. Therefore, a university teacher must themselves fully master Uzbek language and speech competence.

Based on the theoretical foundations of developing communication skills among university students, it can be said that language and speech etiquette are the essence of Uzbek national life. In any time, place, or society where good behavior and proper speech prevail among members of the community, that society prospers, its living conditions improve, and peace reigns.

When addressing the issue of improving students’ knowledge of their native language and communication skills, attention should first be directed toward identifying the system of professionally important qualities. This serves as both the basis and the methodological provision for diagnosing the dynamic individuality of a professionally skilled person.

Naturally, communication has several functions. The most frequently used is the conversation between interlocutors, beginning with greetings and extending to the highest levels of communication. National characteristics also dominate communication. Among Uzbeks, from a simple and sincere greeting to parting, such features are clearly visible.

Another important aspect of communication is that it encourages activity. Particularly in the educational process, communication creates activity. To meet the need for communication, a person must master the art of speech and etiquette. Communication is carried out through verbal expression.

In our wise nation, there are many proverbs and teachings about the rules of speaking, caution in the use of language, and the importance of thinking before uttering every word and sentence. One such saying states that a person’s honor and dignity are reflected in their cultured way of speaking. If one does not follow the etiquette of speech, their humanity will not be visible. If speech is expressed appropriately and meaningfully, it is better to listen in silence. Mastery of literary language requires not only spelling but also correct pronunciation, as these are two sides of the same coin. Deviating from literary pronunciation norms is equivalent to semi-literacy in writing.

The structural elements of speech communication include:

a) transmitting communicative information;

b) acting in interactive cooperation;

c) jointly perceiving in a perceptive way.

For example, in the communicative process, when a teacher explains a topic, they first set a communicative goal and then demand interactive actions (cooperation) from students. In practical and seminar classes, as well as lectures, the teacher addresses students with various questions and evaluates them accordingly. Most students show activity in this regard, though some find it very difficult to raise their hands and answer. A student forced to respond may show uncertainty in speech at the very communicative stage. Or, even if both sides act interactively, if they do not perceive the expressed idea together, the perceptive aspect of communication is disrupted, leading to poor comprehension of the lesson. Neglecting these aspects during communication results in misunderstanding.

Therefore, developing students’ speech communication culture should be determined in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives. For example, the content of dialogue replicas forms separate units. Verbal communication is not limited to questions and answers; it also includes listening to the interlocutor, asking counter-questions, rejecting questions, encouraging action, making proposals, and so on. This requires the use of various lexical and grammatical tools and formulaic sentences. Hence, mastering speech communication (dialogue) requires a broad approach.

Our observations show that most sentences constructed and presented by students have logical connections, but the normative level of words and grammatical forms used to construct syntactic structures does not fully meet the requirements. Cases were observed where auxiliary words, word-forming, form-building, and syntactic relation-forming affixes were not used appropriately. To improve students’ native language knowledge and communication skills, teachers should encourage them to read more literary books, do more writing exercises, and develop the habit of working with dictionaries.

Therefore, developing students’ speech communication culture should be determined in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives. For example, the content of dialogue replicas forms separate units. Verbal communication is not limited to questions and answers; it also includes listening to the interlocutor, asking counter-questions, rejecting questions, encouraging action, making proposals, and so on. This requires the use of various lexical and grammatical tools and formulaic sentences. Hence, mastering speech communication (dialogue) requires a broad approach.

Our observations show that most sentences constructed and presented by students have logical connections, but the normative level of words and grammatical forms used to construct syntactic structures does not fully meet the requirements. Cases were observed where auxiliary words, word-forming, form-building, and syntactic relation-forming affixes were not used appropriately. To improve students’ native language knowledge and communication skills, teachers should encourage them to read more literary books, do more writing exercises, and develop the habit of working with dictionaries.

In higher education institutions, developing the speech competence of future specialists is crucial for encouraging creativity, carrying out projects, and fostering literary reading and writing practices. Developing students’ communication culture should be set in advance as parameters in the form of knowledge, skills, and abilities aligned with small-scale objectives.

From modern requirements, we can identify the following main ways and requirements for developing language and speech competence of future specialists, based on the content of education:

1. A specialist with sectoral scientific-theoretical training and creativity must possess speech competence.

2. Engaging in scientific-research and experimental activities, they must be able to express the realities of their work in both written and oral forms appropriate to speech styles.

3. When introducing new technologies, they must be able to fully explain and demonstrate their specific features using professional terminology.

4. Through modern electronic media, they must be able to express virtual communication clearly, simply, concisely, and without vagueness, using national and professional styles. They must ensure the clarity and validity of information through the words they use.

Conclusion

The successful resolution of political, economic, and social tasks in society largely depends on how well each member of society knows their native language and can apply it in practice—that is, in speech situations, environments, and among people of different social groups—freely, clearly, simply, and fluently.

Cultivating in students the ability to communicate correctly, fluently, and meaningfully, while at the same time enhancing their aesthetic taste and developing their independent thinking capacity, is one of the key tasks in achieving communicative literacy and developing student competence.

References

1. www.namspi.uz universaljurnal.uz INNOVATIONS. Materials of the Republican Scientific-Practical Conference. Namangan, October 10–11, 2024. Presidential Decree No. 5850 on measures to fundamentally enhance the prestige and status of the state language.

2. Inoyatov U.I. Theoretical and Organizational-Methodological Bases of Monitoring the Quality of Education in Professional Colleges. Dissertation. Tashkent, 2003. p. 327.

3. Xalikova Sh. Problems of Improving Education and Science. Qarshi, 2022. pp. 558–560.

4. Sobirova M. Teaching Language Phenomena on the Basis of an Anthropocentric Approach. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE), Vol. 14, Issue 07, 2022. DOI: 10.9756/INTJECSE/V14I7.91.

5. Textbook. Namangan: Arjumand Media, 2023. Vol. 512.

6. Ministry of Public Education of Uzbekistan. Manual. Bukhara State University, 2013.

7. PhD Dissertation. Developing Students’ Creative Abilities. Tashkent, 2017. p. 137.

SUSTAINABILITY IN BOOK PUBLISHING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Abstract

         This article analyzes the concept of sustainability in book publishing, the challenges it faces, and the opportunities available for sustainable development. It examines the use of environmentally friendly materials and energy-efficient technologies in the publishing industry, the role of digital publishing, and its economic and social aspects. Improving production processes and introducing innovations in line with sustainability principles will contribute to the long-term development of publishing houses.

Keywords

       Sustainability, book publishing, eco-friendly materials, digital publishing, energy efficiency, environmental protection, waste reduction, recycled paper, social responsibility, innovative technologies

Introduction

Today, the global economy and industry are increasingly based on the principles of environmental sustainability. Sustainable development is a set of strategies aimed at conserving natural resources for future generations, protecting the environment, and ensuring social well-being. The book publishing industry is no exception to this process and is striving to increase its environmental responsibility. This is due to the fact that paper production and printing processes have a significant environmental impact. This article explores the concept of sustainability in book publishing, the emerging challenges, and the new opportunities in this field.

Main Body

Sustainability is a concept that integrates environmental, economic, and social spheres, aimed at the rational use of natural resources and the reduction of pollution. In the publishing industry, sustainability refers to processes based on the use of eco-friendly materials, energy-efficient technologies, and waste reduction. Paper production involves deforestation, high water consumption, and the use of chemicals, all of which pose environmental threats. As a result, the demand for recycled paper and other eco-friendly materials is increasing.

There are several challenges in achieving environmental sustainability in publishing. Firstly, eco-friendly materials and new technologies are often more expensive than traditional methods. This can lead to an increase in product prices and a potential decrease in consumer demand. Secondly, recycled paper may not always match the quality of conventional paper. Additionally, both producers and consumers may lack sufficient environmental awareness.

However, innovative technologies and government policies play a crucial role in addressing these issues. For example, strengthening environmental protection laws, implementing eco-certification systems, and providing subsidies can encourage the production of sustainable products. At the same time, publishing companies should optimize their internal processes and adopt methods that conserve energy and water resources.

Today, the growth of e-books and digital publishing is reducing the demand for paper. Digital publications offer opportunities for sustainable development, but they also come with challenges such as energy consumption and electronic waste. Therefore, it is important to focus on hybrid models that combine digital and print publishing.

Demand for products manufactured in accordance with sustainability principles is growing. This provides publishing businesses with opportunities to access new markets and attract customers. Moreover, increasing social responsibility improves the company’s image and strengthens relationships with both employees and customers. Adhering to sustainability principles can enhance economic efficiency in the long term and ensure resource conservation.

Conclusion

Sustainability in book publishing is a pressing issue of our time. Publishing companies must address environmental challenges by implementing innovative technologies, using eco-friendly materials, and developing sustainable strategies in collaboration with government policies. Combining digital and print publishing opens up new opportunities.

Thus, sustainability becomes the foundation for the environmental, economic, and social health of the publishing industry.

In addition, by widely adopting sustainability principles, publishing houses can enhance their competitiveness on a global scale. Along with the positive impact on the environment, they can demonstrate social responsibility, thereby building trust among consumers and partners. Furthermore, the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of sustainable production help reduce manufacturing costs in the long run. Therefore, supporting sustainability is an effective strategy not only from an environmental standpoint but also from business and social perspectives.

References

Smith, J. (2020). Sustainable Publishing Practices: Challenges and Innovations. Green Press Publishing.

Johnson, L., & Brown, M. (2019). “Environmental Impact of Paper Production in the Publishing Industry,” Journal of Sustainable Development, 12(3), 45–60.

Williams, R. (2021). Eco-friendly Materials in Printing: A Practical Guide. EcoPrint Publications.

Davis, K. (2018). “The Role of Digital Publishing in Reducing Environmental Footprint,” International Journal of Digital Media, 8(2), 22–35.

United Nations. (2015). Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.

Green Publishing Alliance. (2022). Sustainability Report 2021. Retrieved from https://greenpublishingalliance.org/reports/2021

Thompson, H., & Garcia, S. (2020). “Economic Benefits of Sustainable Publishing,” Publishing Economics Review, 14(1), 10–25.

Nilufar Mo’ydinova was born in Qo‘shtepa district of Fergana region, Republic of Uzbekistan. She graduated from the Uzbek State University of World Languages. She currently works as a manager at the “Fair Print” Typography Service. Her articles have been published in the newspaper Bekajon.

A phantasmagoria including the past and present, visions, dreams, bits of reality, psychic seers and the sea, hairstyles, nature walks, talismans, seasons and wonder. When I was a kid I could see that spirit was announcing itself through the floor tiles, sometimes the wallpaper or clouds, and other things. The problem later, for a mystic that is,- is a liberal arts or even worse, science education, and growing up in general. This takes the ghosts away and then you fit in but fit into what?- to a mediocre and a blasé reality devoid of electric and eclectic realms. The spirits were there, are there, and not as a projection but rather a protection. Sometimes though, they themselves are lost souls as are we, and they are crying out for help or to at least be seen. There are such things, such strange mellow and sometimes startling phenomenon.

The diviner said that one of the people listening was wearing a whale necklace. And I was. And she said the letter B as an initial. This was true. This was me. And yet in another instance, she said also, about green iguanas and the country of Aruba, of the name ‘Brian,’ as she put it. This interested me and I resonated with it. I had just gotten back from Aruba and seen and photographed the green iguanas. Then I saw the whale design on the pet store floor also. I wondered if someone drew it or it was a marking by accident. It was in a way slightly vague that I just could not exactly tell. I wasn’t sure what it all meant but it meant something. 

I thought back to the past then. Working in the shelter I had to help a most beautiful woman from The Caspian Sea who was assigned to be a co-worker but was bullied by the other woman workers. It was because of her hair mostly. She had balayage hair and to her waist. It was real hair. And she was full of mystery and wonderful strange exotic eclectic auras and atmospheres. Then other women, especially during trainings when everyone had to sit together, whispered loudly and cruelly about her saying she didn’t belong there and that her hair was not real. She began to ask me long before trainings if I would get coffee with her when it was break. I realized it was not because she liked me in any even platonic or other way, but because it wasn’t too far off from being bullied in the school yard and she knew I’d be an ally. And to think, these people were assigned to helping and advocating for the marginalized. What a world we live in. She was hurt and overall sensitive. And amidst several regular souls trying to make their way, to navigate life, two known drug dealers were walking up the driveway one evening and one was really heavy-set. She said, ‘Here comes a whale,’ and it broke my idea of her as she now had a capacity for meanness. She had that capability somewhere inside her. I just kept it to myself. English was not her first language. But she managed the insult ‘well,’ though I didn’t like it. 

I kept listening to the canon of near-death experiences because I studied much in my spare time about spirituality, psychology, that whole realm of topics. It often said how people didn’t want to come back,- such was how it felt at home in heaven or the other side. That was hopeful for the sick, the terminally ill, for the ones who have passed and for all of us one day…when our time and circumstance of demise arrive…

I eventually left the world as much as I could and just walked the forests and by small streams of water. There I saw what I deemed to be spirits in the tree bark, cumulus clouds, or in swaying winter reeds cold and freezing. I felt them amidst spring raindrops where I waited solitary in the world for what I don’t know. Summer spirits everywhere too,- by sumac leaves and the abandoned tractor, in the flickering light through the tree canopy or the stones by the lee, the protective lee made of sand and dirt and root systems. Autumnal times had the most, HAVE the most,- spectres, phantoms, and angels. They live everywhere. Sometimes during those times an energy can be felt, like an electric surge in the air but one more akin to containing a spiritual sensibility. Maybe it was the kundalini energy, I would think. I had seen several snakes in the early days and wondered if they were an outward manifestation of the inward kundalini rising or having risen. 

It had been a long day. I lay down to sleep. I suddenly and finally saw the light, an other-worldly light,- golden and white mixed together. It was unmistakable. Then again, and a third time to be sure. I was growing spiritually after a lifetime of practice. I was grateful. I prayed to see it more. I did a bit. Then I must have fallen asleep and finally had good dreams again. I dreamt I was by the old shore and the saltwater sea. The one of my youth. It was overcast. Atlantic coastline. I was alone but felt so good about it. I glanced back at my building, then up and down the shoreline and finally out to the horizon. I felt the energy of the world, like in the forest but times a hundred or more, and it seemed it was another world,- an electric heaven. I could see distant verdant palm fronds dancing awkwardly for the pre-storm winds. I went in the water up to my neck and sometimes went intentionally under and let the ocean go a bit into my mouth and my eyes. That way it could enter my soul. I was unafraid. I was just unafraid of absolutely anything. I didn’t know if I was on earth or in heaven, experiencing this world or the next, immersed in a dream or kissed by providence and fortune and therefore there in real life. 

But I wasn’t lost anymore.

I was home. 

All In Vain

Every night,

I chase sleep

As if I were a ferocious lion

And it was the humble friendly deer.

However, the closer I get 

The more the distance becomes greater

As if I were lost in the vast universe looking for a dead-light star and the moon laughs at me,

But all in vain.

I search for sleep

As if I were looking for my lost beloved inside a black hole,

But all in vain.

I beseech sleep

As if I were thirsty

Lost in an arid desert 

And I think the scorching wavering heat is the cold lake,

But all in vain. 

I beg to sleep

As if it were an affluent arrogant man

And I were a destitute poor soul

Nonetheless, he is so mean

And I’m extremely needy,

But all in vain.

Please let my eyes embrace you just  for a once

As my fatigued body 

Anchors on your banks.

Palestinian poet, activist, teacher

Awarded Naji Naaman literary award, 2025

“In the Land of White Lilies” – The Country of Wonders

“Fate placed swamps and rocks in our way, but we cultivated them and built a civilized country.”

Humanity often reflects only on the present moment, on what it sees today. Unfortunately, we sometimes fail to balance the positive and negative aspects of an issue—or, in pursuit of the present, we forget the past. Grigory Petrov’s book “In the Land of White Lilies” tells the story of Finland, now regarded as one of the happiest nations in the world, and how it emerged from its dark and difficult past into the bright present we know today.

First, let us pause to consider the title. Why “the land of white lilies”? The lily is known as a symbol of grace, beauty, and purity. Finland, in turn, is compared to a lily blooming in the swamps—because geographically it lies in an inhospitable land, deprived of nature’s abundance. Its terrain was long covered with marshes and rocks, with very little fertile soil. Much of its grain had to be imported from abroad. Yet the people strove tirelessly to survive amid these swamps, bringing fertile soil to the rocky lands, and creating for themselves the conditions of a dignified life.

Today, Finland is recognized worldwide, yet it is, in fact, a young state—barely 70 to 80 years of independent history. For centuries, the Finnish people endured the pain of colonial rule. At first, under Swedish domination, they were considered ignorant and backward. Children of the Swedish nobility who were unfit even for modest education and worthless at home were sent to Finland to occupy high administrative posts. Naturally, these shallow rulers continued their lives of ease here as well. The misery of the people under such leadership is not hard to imagine.

After Finland was ceded to Russia in 1816, the country’s condition improved somewhat. True national heroes arose—leaders we might call the Finnish “Jadids,” who called their people to enlightenment, to education, and to a dignified way of life. Among them, J. Snellman holds a special place. He awakened in the Finnish heart a deep sense of homeland, nation, and belonging. Finnish officials gradually replaced foreign administrators, and special emphasis was placed on education to nurture new, capable generations. At Snellman’s initiative, old books were collected and distributed to rural and remote areas.

When Napoleon’s defeat brought a wave of imitation of America and Britain—especially in football, which glorified brute strength—Snellman reminded the youth that without intellect and wisdom, strong legs were worthless. Just as the ball is kicked upward to move forward, he said, so too must the nation be lifted upward by thought and knowledge. The people united! From within its swamps, Finland blossomed into a graceful and cultured state.

As the book highlights, one cannot help but be amazed at how Finland resolved social issues. There are no homeless people. Problems like poverty and unemployment are approached with practical solutions. I was astonished to learn that Finland is also among the most “online” nations in the world, with unrestricted internet access, 100% coverage, and even free usage.The book also sheds light on Finland’s unique approaches in many spheres, especially education. Finnish education is a subject in itself—a system based on a fresh vision and beautiful national values. Petrov describes Finnish schools so vividly that you find yourself longing to enter one. Single-story buildings, spacious gardens, glass-walled classrooms, and freedom in learning—such features are truly astonishing! There are no rigid examinations or strict grading systems. Yet, classes are regarded as sacred, and teachers hold the highest respect in society. Finnish education seeks to nurture free thinking, broad perspectives, responsibility, and the sense of happiness in children—through lessons harmonized with values, music, and play.

This “land of lilies” also ranks high on the global happiness index. According to Petrov, one of the secrets of Finnish happiness lies in reading. Finland is recognized as the world’s most book-loving nation. The Finns consider their very existence a blessing. For them, happiness lies not in wealth or luxury, but in cherishing small and simple things.

The book also tells the stories of remarkable figures such as the “King of Confectionery” Jarvinen and the pirate Karokep—individuals whose lives, achievements, and contributions to the nation’s progress and welfare deserve recognition.

Dear friends, never accidentally pick up “In the Land of White Lilies”! Otherwise, like me, you might fall in love with its title. Do not read it, my dear peers—otherwise, you will find yourself longing to travel to Finland, to embark on a beautiful journey there. Of course, I am joking! Indeed, you must read it. For it teaches us to love our people, to recognize the power of a nation, and to learn how an awakening people can progress. And most of all, it invites us to reflect—by comparing Finland’s path of development with our own present day.

SHAHNOZA Ochildiyeva 

2nd-year student, Philology and Language Teaching: English, Faculty of International Relations and Social-Humanitarian Sciences, University of Journalism and Mass Communications of Uzbekistan.

Challenges in the Development of Wellness Tourism in Uzbekistan and Their Solutions

Jumaniyozova Nazokat Olim qizi
2nd-year Student, Tourism and Hospitality Program

Abstract: This article is devoted to addressing the challenges and shortcomings in the development of wellness tourism in our country and to identifying solutions for creating more favorable conditions for visitors. At present, numerous wellness facilities are operating nationwide, each with its own particular focus and methods of treatment. Despite the abundance of natural healing resources available in Uzbekistan, the sector remains underdeveloped, and even where progress has been made, consumers often lack sufficient access to information. In this article, we will examine the problems faced by wellness tourism and discuss potential solutions. In addition, we will review some of the most prominent wellness centers in our country.

Keywords: Wellness tourism, sanatoriums, statistical data, resources, infrastructure, innovative technologies.

In this article, we focus on wellness facilities. But what exactly are wellness facilities? They are defined as medical-recreational establishments that provide services aimed at restoring and strengthening health, preventing and treating illnesses, as well as offering opportunities for rest and relaxation.

Below, we highlight some of the existing problems in wellness tourism and their possible solutions:

• Outdated infrastructure (in certain sanatoriums).
• Insufficient advertising and information for foreign tourists.
• Low qualification of staff (massage therapists, physiotherapists, guides).
• Absence or malfunction of online booking systems.
• Weak integration among regional tourism clusters.
• Treatment methods that do not fully meet modern standards.
• Imbalance between pricing and service quality.

For instance, the problem of outdated infrastructure stems from the fact that many sanatoriums were built in the 1980s–1990s and no longer meet contemporary requirements. Similarly, even well-developed facilities are often poorly promoted, meaning that foreign visitors remain unaware of them. The shortage of qualified personnel—especially therapists and service staff—represents another critical challenge. A further issue is the lack of effective online booking systems. For example, if one wishes to visit a sanatorium, it is often impossible to check room availability in advance, which may cause significant inconvenience upon arrival. Additionally, regional tourism clusters tend to function in isolation, with little cooperation among sanatoriums located within the same area.

Below, we can observe some of the wellness facilities available in our country:

№	Wellness Facility	Location	Brief Description	Contact Number
1	Omonkhona Balneological Sanatorium	Boysun District	Specializes in balneotherapy; beneficial for dermatological and musculoskeletal conditions.	+97 530 29 63
2	Chortoq Sanatorium	Chortoq District	A balneological and climatic resort; offers therapeutic mud and baths with thermal mineral waters.	+69 412 64 44
3	Chimyon Sanatorium	Fergana District	Provides treatment for cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, and musculoskeletal disorders.	+90 390 49 47
4	Zomin Sanatorium	Zomin District	Specializes in the treatment of respiratory and neurological diseases.	+95 503 71 35
5	Sitorai Mokhi-Khosa Sanatorium	Bukhara City	A historic healing complex renowned for its therapeutic environment.	0-365 228 50 66

Proposed solutions to existing challenges:

• Modernization and technological re-equipment of sanatoria.
• Development of a dedicated marketing platform for wellness tourism (vlogs, websites, mobile applications).
• Promotion of wellness tourism among the local population to encourage the growth of domestic tourism.
• International cooperation through knowledge exchange with wellness centers in Russia, Kazakhstan, and China.
• Training of cross-disciplinary specialists combining expertise in both medicine and tourism.
• “All-in-one” packages integrating sanatorium services with excursions, dining, and transportation.
• Interactive QR code–based promotional materials (individual videos and content for each sanatorium).
• Integration of eco-tourism with wellness tourism (e.g., “Zomin-Eco + Sanatorium” combined experiences).

At present, significant work is being carried out to overcome the existing challenges. These sites are not only wellness destinations but also serve as eco-tourism hubs.

Conclusion: In this article, we have discussed the wellness facilities operating in Uzbekistan and examined possible solutions to the challenges they face. Tourism in our country is developing rapidly, and sanatoria and recreational centers are making a significant contribution to this growth. Consequently, special attention is being paid to this sector, and both the number and quality of wellness facilities are steadily increasing.

References:

1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, No. PQ–5052 (April 5, 2021) – On the Strategy for the Development of Tourism.
2. T.T. Saydaliyev. Fundamentals of Tourism. Textbook. Tashkent, 2021.
3. Official website of the Tourism Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan – www.uzbektourism.uz
4. International articles on wellness tourism – World Health Tourism Reports, 2022.
5. World Health Organization (WHO) – www.who.int
6. Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage press releases – (uzbektourism.uz > News).
7. State Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan – www.stat.uz
8. Uzbekistan Medical Tourism, analytical article – www.medicaltourism.com.uz
9. Feruza Umarova. “Prospects for Wellness Tourism in Uzbekistan.” Research article, 2023.
10. United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) – www.unwto.org

Jumaniyozova Nazokat Olim kyzy was born in Toprakkale district of Khorezm region. Currently I am a 2nd year student of the Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy of the Surkhandarya region in the direction of tourism and hospitality. 

Slutty Detective: A Manifesto of Queer Revelation

Today I learned something that cracked open the cosmos a little wider: the phrase “Slutty Detective”—the name of my beloved character Kandy Fontaine, the lipstick-smeared, truth-sniffing, sex-positive sleuth—originates in the writing of Kathy Acker.

Yes, that Kathy Acker. The literary anarchist. The punk priestess of cut-up prose and radical identity. In Empire of the Senseless, she wrote:

“I was a slutty detective in a city of mirrors.” And just like that, the lineage snapped into place. I wasn’t just riffing—I was channeling.

This is more than coincidence. It’s a revelation. A reminder that queer art is a palimpsest of rebellion, a collage of voices screaming across time. My work, my characters, my obsessions—they’re part of a living archive of resistance.

I’ve been honored to share pages with Danielle Willis, Allen Ginsberg, Patrick Califia, Caitlín R. Kiernan, Poppy Z. Brite, Jan Steckel, Thomas S. Roche, Carol Queen, and Amelia G.—writers who didn’t just write queer stories, they rewrote reality. They made space for the freaks, the lovers, the gender outlaws, the sacred sluts. In the Foreword to my recent collection The Doom Hippies III: A Great Variety of Monsters, Weird Fiction legend Jeffrey Thomas compares me to the late, great Joseph S. Pulver, Sr. and William S. Burroughs himself.

And I’ve collaborated with Kari Lee Krome, the co-founder of The Runaways with Joan Jett, on songs and stories, some of which can be found in my recent collections. The songs were her and I-an absolutely surreal dream come true for someone who has admired Kari’s work for decades and spoke about it in class as a college comp instructor. The stories-Department of Youth, for example-are still being written; those were directly suggested by her when she would pop up on my Facebook message feed and call me “Mister.” If I’m lyin’ I’m dyin.

In my Queer Voices interview with Stephanie Magister, I spoke of the need for creative disruption. And now, in this age of Trump, where MAGA dreams of erasure and conformity, we must respond with radical queer anarchy. We must be slutty detectives in cities of mirrors, exposing hypocrisy, decoding oppression, and seducing truth out of hiding.

On The Smol Bear Show, I sat with cyberculture pioneer Ken Goffman (aka R.U. Sirius), a close associate of William S. Burroughs and Kathy Acker, and with Marc Olmsted, the post-Beat poet whose friendship with Allen Ginsberg spanned decades. We spoke of memory, myth, and the power of art to mutate minds.

This is our moment.

We must write like our bodies are on fire. We must create like the world depends on it—because it does. We must be unapologetically queer, defiantly erotic, and intellectually feral.

Let the slutty detective rise. Let her lipstick be warpaint. Let her trench coat be armor. Let her questions be knives.

We are the resistance. We are the remix. We are the revelation.