What’s art to the soul, bees’re to flowers; a wasteland without either?
I’m pushed far off into the river, because the government wants to uproot this slum and develop the land. Land is scarce, and I have been driven out with the rest of slum-dwellers, not once or twice but many, driven out mercilessly, our shacks bulldozed, our spirits broken. But we rise again in a phoenix existence, governments cannot rid of us.
The sun rises even as we speak, I see lights filtered through the bees of the lush forest around the deep seas where the river and the sea meet, where I make an ark and I sleep in it another type of dwelling made in the seas. An expert in ark-making which I’ve become now from building a long ark, way too long for all the slum dwellers to live. This skill is a lifesaver, I make, mend broken arks and paint over its solid wood, until this becomes an art. Every time a hut on land is bulldozed, tall towers, constructed in its place, I appear before the demolished shacks to take advantage, and elsewhere into the seas until the ark glows at night like a spec on dark sea waves.
Ark dwellers pay me well. I can now build a brick house with it on an isolated island; papers, leases—documents, works for all that’s worth. Even join the builders’ group with such quality skills I’ve learn’t from ark building. They will gladly hire me and I can eventually buy them off. Great transformations lay on the horizon, as I start to lay bricks for a building of development project of a newly vacated slum. Then one day, a few men from the ark come along putting a claim to the land, because this is where their lost shacks were. They are no seafarers.
I look at them, I hide my face for I know these people whom I built strong new arks, my soulful arts on the sea. In my growing distance from the hive, those live off the sea. Oh! Look, look at me! What I have become! My place isn’t on board the ark is an art I chose, which I choose to opt out. I’m a beyond rich, a brick layer by trade who owns a flat on this island—a wasteland of monstrosity called development, ultimately altruistic, a symbiotic symbolism where bees and beaus disconnect.
In ambitious film producer Dianne Angel’s memoir Every Restaurant Tells a Story, old Hollywood glamour is tinged with tragedy and motifs of potential danger. We enter smoky, booze-filled, elegant restaurants, hear old-time clever, and crass, writers’ room dialogue, and revel in the lush descriptions of clothing and accessories.
Each chapter involves food or drinks at a different restaurant or bar, hence the memoir’s title. These venues range from Hollywood to low-income student neighborhoods in Los Angeles to still-Communist Eastern Europe to South Africa during apartheid. Although sheltered as privileged Americans in the entertainment industry, the characters still get glimpses of the rest of the world’s injustices and traumas. Planes divert their course due to political unrest abroad, Black restaurant servers have to leave to make it out of South African cities before racially based curfews, and intriguing acquaintances have massive gun collections.
There’s often a dirtier, menacing, or just more ordinary underbelly to the tales. AIDS cuts short vibrant, creative lives, whirlwind engagements turn out to be financial scams, naive aspiring starlets dine unknowingly with armed international spies. This world is also unpredictable: the most hilarious, creative, heartfelt, or meaningful projects can be suddenly canceled on a whim, even after filming has started. The suspense adds mystery and texture to the chapters, as we find ourselves reading some of the short vignettes over to see if we missed any clues to what was really happening.
Yet, the memoir never becomes a trite, one-dimensional morality play on the vanity of pursuing fame, or money, or beauty. While there’s certainly a class structure and pecking order in this culture and no guarantee of success, these characters enjoy their experiences and can reflect on them with a sense of humor. Also, people find real love and genuine friendship in these pages, as they connect and share food and drinks. While the author’s reconnection with an old acquaintance who becomes her husband is touching (and the incident with her car is tragically hilarious!), the most tender part is how her college study group morphs into lifelong friendships.
This collection is worth a read: entertaining, heartfelt, and a portrait of an era experienced by intriguing and memorable personalities in various times and places. In a time when people seem to gather in person less often, this book is a call to consider what we might be missing by choosing food delivery or staying at home over going out with friends or co-workers. And, mostly, it’s a charming and elegant set of stories that draws you in with drama, mystery, and grace.
About the author: Dianne’s career is a fascinating journey through the entertainment and technology industries. In the 1970s, driven by an aspiring film producer’s dreams, she began her work as Vice President of Project Development at Zeitman/Townsend Productions at Columbia Pictures. At Z/T Productions she wrote the screenplay, James Barry with Robert Townsend, Executive Producer. She also wrote Berlin with Robert Townsend for Z/T (neither film was produced). She developed Weekend Fathers for CBS Television. (Not produced).
In the early 1990s, Dianne transitioned her skills to Silicon Valley, where she was a Human Resources executive for high-tech companies. She has published numerous poems that highlight human frailty and triumph, in Moonshine Ink. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in English Literature from UCLA. Dianne is a native of California, born in Palo Alto, California.
Hawaii I long to pierce your lusty wilderness with
Temperate thoughts, plumeria leis commemorating ideals
Perfumed breezes accelerating as
They gust toward north shore.
May the fantastic return with clarity,
Latch onto winners, losers, dreamers
Provide fanciful fodder—enabling those
Who dwell in tropical mists,
Engulfed by naked forest ferns, time for
Jettisoned memories and lost opportunities
Sterling Warner’s Brief Biography
An award-winning author, poet, and former Evergreen Valley College English Professor, Sterling Warner’s works have appeared many literary magazines, journals, and anthologies including Lothlórien Poetry Journal, EkphrasticReview, Synchronized Chaos, and Sparks of Calliope. Warner’s collections of poetry/fiction include Rags and Feathers, Without Wheels, ShadowCat, Edges, Memento Mori: A Chapbook Redux, Serpent’s Tooth, Flytraps, Cracks of Light: Pandemic Poetry & Fiction 2019-2022, Halcyon Days: Collected Fibonacci, Abraxas: Poems (2024), and Masques: Flash Fiction & Short Stories. Presently, Warner writes, hosts/participates in “virtual” poetry readings, turns wood, and enjoys retirement in Washington.
Our modern world lacking in humanity herding them into secret factories tricked and trafficked forced to toil enslaved to enrich Chinese crime gangs with specific scripts for pig butchering: romance and crypto investment scams.
Victims prey on victims via fake online profiles via deepfake videos rich marks lured by poor workers lured to fake paying jobs to real unpaid labor bad food, packed dorms beatings as morale boosters living like farm animals with 15-hour stints warehouses of screens running myriad scams ruining others’ lives their own lives ruined trapped in the system of ultra-modern slavery to the vast organizations that are bilking billions from the global economy in the ever-expanding lawless global zones in the scam compounds of the pig butchering industry.
Night town white town deep snow deep cold color white and here we all are a hybrid nation of individual freedoms blackbooted stomped upon laws, norms, civility under hard ice feet glorifying the crush the masks and heavy arms bulked up brutality colorless cruelty attack dogs attacking what stands in the way of a demented mind of a bulldozed morality while the red rose pools red red red on the soft white snow.
No matter what the Administration might say, in embattled Minneapolis a rose is still a rose is still a rose.
Today, global warming is one of the most serious environmental problems facing humanity. In recent years, the increase in Earth’s temperature, the rapid melting of glaciers, and the rise in natural disasters show how serious this problem has become. Many people are interested in what is causing global warming.
The main cause is human activity. Gases released from factories, power plants, and cars pollute the atmosphere. These gases are called greenhouse gases, and they trap heat from the Sun in the Earth’s atmosphere. As a result, the temperature of our planet continues to rise year by year.
Another important factor contributing to global warming is deforestation. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and help clean the air. However, as forests are cut down, the amount of harmful gases increases and the natural balance of the environment is disturbed.
In addition, the increase in waste, excessive use of plastic, and wasting energy also have a negative impact on the environment. People often do not think enough about the consequences of their actions.
In conclusion, the main cause of global warming is humans themselves. However, reducing this problem is also in human hands. If we protect nature, plant more trees, and use energy wisely, we can help prevent global warming. Every small action by each person can lead to big changes.
Yo’ldoshaliyeva Zinnura was born on June 17, 2011, in Rishton district of Fergana region. She is an 8th-grade student at the Fergana branch of the Specialized School named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi and also serves as the leader of the “Talented” direction in the Rishton District Council of Leaders.
She has actively participated in various educational and intellectual projects, including “Anim Camp,” “Future Founders Online Forum,” “Young Reader” and the regional stage of STEM subjects. Her scientific article was published in the book “Feelings on Paper,” and another article of hers appeared in the “Synchronized Chaos” journal. In addition, she has taken part in many other projects and initiatives, demonstrating strong academic interest and leadership skills.
First of all, published poet and contributor Tao Yucheng is still hosting a poetry contest, open to all readers of Synchronized Chaos Magazine.
Synchronized Chaos Poetry Contest: We seek short, powerful, imaginative, and strange poetry. While we welcome all forms of free verse and subject matter, we prefer concise work that makes an impact.
Guidelines: Submit up to five poems per person to taoyucheng921129@proton.me. Each poem should not exceed one page (ideally half a page or less). All styles and themes welcome. Deadline for submissions will be in early March.
Prizes: First Place: $50 Second Place: $10, payable via online transfer. One Honorable Mention. Selected finalists will be published in Synchronized Chaos Magazine.
Also, past contributor Alexander Kabishev is seeking international poems of four lines each on the theme of friendship for a global anthology. The anthology, Hyperpoem, will be published by Ukiyoto Press and a presentation of the poem will take place in Dubai in August 2026.
Kabishev says the new vision of the project goes beyond commercial frameworks, aiming to become an international cultural and humanitarian movement, with the ambitious goal of reaching one million participants and a symbolic planned duration of one thousand years.
The focus is on promoting international friendship, respect for the identity of all peoples on Earth, and building bridges of understanding between cultures through poetry and its readers.
Please send poems to Alexander at aleksandar.kabishev@yandex.ru
This month’s issue asks the question, “Who Will We Become?” Submissions address introspection, spiritual searching, and moral and relational development and decision-making.
This issue was co-edited by Yucheng Tao.
Sajid Hussain’s metaphysical, ethereal poetry, rich with classical allusions, reminds us of the steady passage of time.
Jamal Garougar’s New Year reflection emphasizes ritual, spirituality, and the practices of patience and peace. Taylor Dibbert expresses his brief but cogent hope for 2026.
Dr. Jernail S. Anand’s spare poetry illustrates the dissolution of human identity. Bill Tope’s short story reflects on memory and grief through the protagonist’s recollection of his late school classmate. Turkan Ergor considers the depth of emotions that can lie within a person’s interior. Sayani Mukherjee’s poem on dreams lives in the space between waking thought and imaginative vision. Stephen Jarrell Williams offers up a series of childhood and adult dreamlike and poetic memories. Alan Catlin’s poem sequence renders dreams into procedural logic: how fear, guilt, memory, and culture behave when narrative supervision collapses. Priyanka Neogi explores silence itself as a creator and witness in her poetry. Duane Vorhees’ rigorous poetic work interrogates structure: individuality, myth, divinity, agency, culture. Tim Bryant analyzes the creative process and development of craft in Virginia Aronson’s poetic book of writerly biographies, Collateral Damage.
Nurbek Norchayev’s spiritual poetry, translated from English to Uzbek by Nodira Ibrahimova, expresses humility and gratitude to God. Timothee Bordenave’s intimate devotional poetry shares his connection to home and to his work and his feelings of gratitude.
Through corrosive imagery and fractured music, Sungrue Han’s poem rejects sacred authority and reclaims the body as a site of sound, resistance, and memory. Shawn Schooley’s poem operates through liturgical residue: what remains after belief has been rehearsed, delayed, or partially evacuated. Slobodan Durovic’s poem is a high-lyric, baroque lament, drawing from South Slavic oral-poetic density, Biblical rhetoric, and mythic self-abasement.
Melita Mely Ratkovic evokes a mystical union between people, the earth, and the cosmos. Jacques Fleury’s work is rich in sensory detail and conveys a profound yearning for freedom and renewal. The author’s use of imagery—“fall leaf,” “morning dew,” “unfurl my wings”—evokes a vivid sense of life’s beauty and the desire to fully experience it. James Tian speaks to care without possession, love through distance and observation. Mesfakus Salahin’s poem evokes a one-sided love that is somewhat tragic, yet as eternal as the formation of the universe, as Mahbub Alam describes a love struggling to exist in a complicated and wounded world. Kristy Ann Raines sings of a long-term, steady, and gallant love.
Lan Xin evokes and links a personal love with collective care for all of humanity. Ri Hossain expresses his hope for a gentler world by imagining changed fairy tales. Critic Kujtim Hajdari points out the gentle, humane sensibility of Eva Petropoulou Lianou’s poetry. Brian Barbeito’s lyric, understated travel essay passes through a variety of places and memories. Anna Keiko’s short poem shares her wish for a simple life close to nature. Christina Chin revels in nature through sensual, textured haikus.
Doniyorov Shakhzod describes the need for healthy and humane raising of livestock animals. g emil reutter hits us on the nose with cold weather and frigid social attitudes towards the suffering of the poor and working classes. Patricia Doyne lampoons authoritarian tendencies in the American government. Eva Petropoulou Lianou reminds us that we cannot truly enjoy freedom without a moral, peaceful, and just society. Sarvinoz Giyosova brings these types of choices down to a personal level through an allegory about different parts of one person’s psychology.
Dr. Jernail S. Anand critiques societal mores that have shifted to permit hypocrisy and the pursuit of appearances and wealth at all costs. Inomova Kamola Rasuljon qizi highlights the social and medical effects and implications of influenza and its prevention. Sandip Saha’s work provides a mixture of direct critique of policies that exploit people and the environment and more personal narratives of life experiences and kindness. Gustavo Gac-Artigas pays tribute to Renee Nicole Good, recently murdered by law enforcement officers in the USA.
Dr. Ahmed Al-Qaysi expresses his deep and poetic love for a small child. Abduqahhorova Gulhayo shares her tender love for her dedicated and caring father. Qurolboyeva Shoxista Olimboy qizi highlights the connection between strong families and a strong public and national Uzbek culture. Ismoilova Jasmina Shavkatjon qizi’s essay offers a clear, balanced meditation on women in Uzbekistan and elsewhere as both moral architects and active agents of social progress, grounding its argument in universal human values rather than abstraction.
Dilafruz Muhammadjonova and Hilola Khudoyberdiyeva outline the contributions of Bekhbudiy and other Uzbek Jadids, historical leaders who advocated for greater democracy and education. Soibjonova Mohinsa melds the poetic and the academic voices with her essay about the role of love of homeland in Uzbek cultural consciousness. Dildora Xojyazova outlines and showcases historical and tourist sites in Uzbekistan. Zinnura Yuldoshaliyeva explicates the value of studying and understanding history. Rakhmanaliyeva Marjona Bakhodirjon qizi’s essay suggests interactive and playful approaches to primary school education. Uzbek student Ostanaqulov Xojiakba outlines his academic and professional accomplishments.
Aziza Joʻrayeva’s essay discusses the strengths and recent improvements in Uzbekistan’s educational system. Saminjon Khakimov reminds us of the importance of curiosity and continued learning. Uzoqova Gulzoda discusses the importance of literature and continuing education to aspiring professionals. Toychiyeva Madinaxon Sherquzi qizi highlights the value of independent, student-directed educational methods in motivating people to learn. Erkinova Shahrizoda Lazizovna discusses the diverse and complex impacts of social media on young adults.
Alex S. Johnson highlights the creative energy and independence of musician Tairrie B. Murphy. Greg Wallace’s surrealist poetry assembles itself as a bricolage of crafts and objects. Noah Berlatsky’s piece operates almost entirely through phonetic abrasion and semantic sabotage, resisting formal logic and evoking weedy growth. Fiza Amir’s short story highlights the level of history and love a creative artist can have for their materials. Mark Blickley sends up the trailer to his drama Paleo: The Fat-Free Musical. Mark Young’s work is a triptych of linguistic play, consumer absurdity, and newsfeed dread, unified by an intelligence that distrusts nostalgia, coherence, and scale. J.J. Campbell’s poetry’s power comes from the refusal to dress things up, from humor as insulation against pain. On the other end of the emotional spectrum, Taghrid Bou Merhi’s essay offers a lucid, philosophically grounded meditation on laughter as both a humane force and a disruptive instrument, tracing its power to critique, heal, and reform across cultures and histories. Mutaliyeva Umriniso’s story highlights how both anguish and laughter can exist within the same person.
Paul Tristram traces various moods of a creative artist, from elation to irritation, reminding us to follow our own paths. Esonova Malika Zohid qizi’s piece compares e-sports with physical athletics in unadorned writing where convictions emerge with steady confidence. Dr. Perwaiz Shaharyar’s poetry presents simple, defiant lyrics that affirm poetry as an indestructible form of being, embracing joy, exclusion, and madness without apology.
Ozodbek Yarashov urges readers to take action to change and improve their lives. Aziza Xazamova writes to encourage those facing transitions in life. Fazilat Khudoyberdiyeva’s poem asserts that even an ordinary girl can write thoughtful and worthy words.
Botirxonov Faxriyor highlights the value of hard work, even above talent. Taro Hokkyo portrays a woman finding her career and purpose in life.
We hope that this issue assists you, dear readers, in your quest for meaning and purpose.
MUSTAQIL TA’LIM METODLARINING O’QUV MOTIVATSIYASIGA TA’SIRI
To’ychiyeva Madinaxon Sherquzi qizi O’zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti talabasi
ANNOTATSIYA Mazkur ilmiy maqolada mustaqil ta’lim metodlarining talabalarning o‘quv motivatsiyasiga ta’siri empirik va nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi.Tadqiqot oliy ta’lim muassasasi talabalari ishtirokida olib borilib, tajriba va nazorat guruhlari asosida amalga oshirildi. Tadqiqot davomida mustaqil ta’lim metodlarining qo‘llanilishi talabalarda ichki motivatsiyani kuchaytirishi, o‘quv faoliyatiga bo‘lgan qiziqishni oshirishi hamda o‘z-o‘zini boshqarish ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishi aniqlandi. Olingan natijalar zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida mustaqil ta’lim metodlarini joriy etish zarurligini ilmiy asoslab beradi.
ABSTRACT This scientific article analyzes the impact of independent learning methods on students’ learning motivation from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. The study examines the effectiveness of student-centered learning approaches based on independent learning principles in higher education. The research was conducted among university students using experimental and control groups. The findings indicate that independent learning methods significantly enhance students’ intrinsic motivation, increase their interest in learning, and improve self-regulated learning skills. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the systematic implementation of independent learning methods in modern education systems.
KALIT SO’ZLAR Mustaqil talim, o’quv motivatsiyasiga, ichki motivatsiya, ta’lim samaradorligi, talaba faolligi.
KIRISH Bugungi globallashuv va raqamlashtirish sharoitida ta’lim tizimi oldiga yuqori malakali, mustaqil fikrlay oladigan, o‘z bilimini doimiy ravishda rivojlantirib borishga qodir shaxsni shakllantirish vazifasi qo‘yilmoqda. Ushbu jarayonda an’anaviy o‘qitish usullari bilan bir qatorda, alabaning faolligiga asoslangan mustaqil ta’lim metodlari alohida ahamiyat kasb etmoqda.
Mustaqil ta’lim talabaning bilim olish jarayonida tashabbuskorlik ko‘rsatishi, axborotni mustaqil izlab topishi, tahlil qilishi va xulosa chiqarishiga asoslanadi. Bu jarayon o‘z navbatida talabaning o‘quv motivatsiyasini shakllantirishda muhim omil hisoblanadi. O‘quv motivatsiyasi esa ta’lim jarayonining samaradorligini belgilovchi asosiy psixologik-pedagogik omillardan biridir. Shu nuqtai nazardan, mustaqil ta’lim metodlarining o‘quv motivatsiyasiga ta’sirini o‘rganish dolzarb ilmiy muammo bo‘lib, ushbu tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi ham aynan ushbu masalani tahlil qilishdan iborat.
INTRODUCTION In the context of globalization and rapid technological development, modern education systems face the challenge of preparing individuals who are capable of independent thinking, continuous self-development, and effective decision-making. Higher education institutions are increasingly shifting from teacher-centered instructional models toward student-centered approaches that emphasize learners’ autonomy and responsibility in the learning process.
Independent learning methods play a crucial role in this transformation. These methods encourage students to take initiative, engage in self-directed knowledge acquisition, and actively participate in their educational development. As a result, independent learning contributes significantly to the formation of learning motivation, which is one of the key determinants of academic success.
Learning motivation is defined as a combination of internal and external factors that stimulate students’ desire to acquire knowledge and achieve academic goals. Research in educational psychology has shown that intrinsically motivated students demonstrate higher levels of engagement, persistence, and academic achievement. The main purpose of this research is to examine the impact of independent learning methods on students’ learning motivation and to identify their pedagogical effectiveness in higher education.
METODLAR Tadqiqot pedagogik tajriba-sinov usulida olib borildi. Unda oliy ta’lim muassasasining 1–2-bosqichida tahsil olayotgan 60 nafar talaba ishtirok etdi. Talabalar tasodifiy tanlash asosida tajriba guruhi va nazorat guruhiga ajratildi.
Tajriba guruhida quyidagi mustaqil ta’lim metodlari qo‘llanildi: loyiha asosida o‘qitish; muammoli vaziyatlar asosida topshiriqlar; mustaqil izlanish va taqdimotlar; elektron ta’lim resurslaridan foydalanish; reflektiv tahlil.
Nazorat guruhida esa asosan an’anaviy ma’ruza va tushuntirish metodlari saqlab qolindi. O‘quv motivatsiyasi darajasi tadqiqot boshida va oxirida maxsus so‘rovnoma orqali aniqlanib, statistik jihatdan solishtirildi.
METHODS This study employed a mixed-method research design combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research was conducted among 60 undergraduate students enrolled in a higher education institution. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group.
The experimental group was taught using independent learning methods, including: project-based learning; problem-based learning tasks; independent research assignments; use of digital and electronic learning resources; reflective analysis and self-assessment activities.
The control group continued learning through traditional teaching methods such as lectures and teacher-led instruction. Learning motivation levels were measured at the beginning and end of the study using a structured motivation questionnaire adapted for academic contexts. The collected data were analyzed using comparative and descriptive statistical methods to evaluate changes in students’ motivation levels.
NATIJALAR Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, tajriba guruhida o‘quv motivatsiyasi darajasi sezilarli darajada oshgan. Talabalarning aksariyati mustaqil topshiriqlar ularning bilimga bo‘lgan qiziqishini kuchaytirganini ta’kidladilar.
So‘rovnoma natijalariga ko‘ra:tajriba guruhida ichki motivatsiya ko‘rsatkichlari yuqori bo‘ldi;talabalar o‘z bilimini mustaqil boshqarishga o‘rgandi;o‘quv faoliyatiga nisbatan mas’uliyat hissi kuchaydi. Nazorat guruhida esa motivatsiya ko‘rsatkichlarida sezilarli o‘zgarish kuzatilmadi.
RESULTS The results of the study revealed a significant increase in learning motivation among students in the experimental group. Students who participated in independent learning activities demonstrated higher levels of intrinsic motivation, greater responsibility for their learning outcomes, and stronger engagement in academic tasks.
Survey results indicated that: students developed a stronger interest in learning activities; self-regulated learning skills improved noticeably; students became more confident in making independent academic decisions.
In contrast, the control group showed no significant improvement in motivation levels. These findings confirm the effectiveness of independent learning methods in enhancing students’ motivation.
MUHOKAMA Olingan natijalar mustaqil ta’lim metodlarining o‘quv motivatsiyasini oshirishdagi muhim rolini ko‘rsatadi. Mustaqil ta’lim talabaning shaxsiy ehtiyojlari, qiziqishlari va imkoniyatlarini inobatga olgan holda tashkil etilishi sababli, u ichki motivatsiyani shakllantirishga xizmat qiladi.
Mazkur natijalar Deci va Ryan tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan ichki motivatsiya nazariyasi bilan uyg‘unlikda ekanligini ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, Zimmerman tomonidan ilgari surilgan o‘z-o‘zini boshqaruvchi ta’lim konsepsiyasi ham tadqiqot natijalari bilan tasdiqlandi.
DISCUSSION The findings of this study support the hypothesis that independent learning methods positively influence students’ learning motivation. By granting learners greater autonomy and responsibility, independent learning fosters intrinsic motivation and promotes deeper engagement in the learning process.
The results align with the Self-Determination Theory proposed by Deci and Ryan, which emphasizes autonomy as a core component of intrinsic motivation. Additionally, the outcomes correspond with Zimmerman’s theory of self-regulated learning, highlighting the importance of learner control and reflective practices.
Independent learning methods not only enhance motivation but also contribute to the development of critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and lifelong learning skills. Therefore, these methods should be considered essential components of modern pedagogical practice.
XULOSA Xulosa qilib aytganda, mustaqil ta’lim metodlari zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida o‘quv motivatsiyasini oshirishning samarali vositasi hisoblanadi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, mustaqil ta’limga asoslangan yondashuv talabalarning bilim olishga bo‘lgan ichki ehtiyojini kuchaytiradi, ularning faolligi va mas’uliyatini oshiradi.
Mustaqil ta’lim metodlari orqali tashkil etilgan ta’lim jarayoni talabaning shaxsiy va kasbiy rivojlanishiga xizmat qiladi. Shu sababli oliy ta’lim muassasalarida mustaqil ta’lim metodlarini tizimli va bosqichma-bosqich joriy etish tavsiya etiladi.
Kelgusida olib boriladigan tadqiqotlar mustaqil ta’lim metodlarining turli fanlar va ta’lim bosqichlarida qo‘llanilishi, shuningdek, ularning uzoq muddatli pedagogik ta’sirini o‘rganishga qaratilishi lozim.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, independent learning methods represent an effective pedagogical approach for increasing students’ learning motivation in higher education. The study demonstrates that the systematic implementation of independent learning strategies enhances intrinsic motivation, encourages active participation, and strengthens students’ self-regulation skills.
Independent learning transforms students from passive recipients of knowledge into active participants in the educational process. This shift has significant implications for improving educational quality and preparing students for professional and lifelong learning challenges.
Future research should focus on examining the long-term effects of independent learning methods across different academic disciplines and educational levels. Further studies may also explore the integration of digital technologies with independent learning to maximize motivational outcomes.
FOYDALANILGAN ADABIYOTLAR
1. Azizxodjayeva N. Pedagogik texnologiyalar va pedagogik mahorat. – Toshkent, 2018. 2.Zunnunov A. Pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti. – Toshkent: O‘qituvchi, 2020. 3.Deci E., Ryan R. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Education. – New York, 2000.
4.Zimmerman B. Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Motivation. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2002. 5.The Effect of Learning Independence and Motivation on Students’ Learning Outcomes when Implementing Distance Learning. Masofaviy ta’limda mustaqillik va motivatsiyaning o‘quv natijalariga ta’siri bo‘yicha ilmiy maqola.journal.unismuh.ac.id
6.Development of Students’ Independent Learning Activity: Analysis in the Context of the Cognitive‑Motivative Approach Mustaqil o‘qish faoliyatini kognitiv‑motivatsion yondashuv kontekstida tahlil qiladigan maqola.
