They cuddle against the navel in the middle of the night.
They change O the challenge the body
with pain with delight.
But though the waist is gone, its shadow yet remains.
Is this what we needed?
To lie in fields that we seeded
with the sperm of you/and/me?
My skin is a wrinkledup grocery sack,
all the goodies unpacked and eaten long ago.
My erection turned into ice yesterday,
my eyelids into snow.
But though this face is gone, the halo yet remains.
All the stones unheeded…. The skies…. The fields….
Back have kneeded into worms, my butterflies.
And the years. And the years: just like the sweet young girls!
Hanging in memory like leather kites,
gaufy garish stabbing harsh neon lights
to mark the passing of fond remembered rites.
But though this voice is gone, its cho yet remains.
Is this what we needed?
To die in fields which receded with the germs of yesterday?
*
(A toast: Time is a precious necklace bequested upon your birth. As time’s beneficiary, you must realize its worth. Though age emcircles your throat with its usual yearly pearl, the worth rests in the wearer and not within the jewel.)
*
The Duane you loved is gone:
There’s a Stranger in his skin.
The old duane was younger,
and the new one’s bones are thin.
Former laughs reform as coughs.
The change cloud=to=clod begins.
*
“When birds lose their plumes in the sand,
They can’t glue balloons to their hands,
They can’t fly so they die.”
[nyun is a Korean homonym that means years of floozies]
THE TEACHER’S SKILL IN SPARKING STUDENT INTEREST IN MUSIC THEORY AT CHILDREN’S MUSIC SCHOOLS By Abdurayimov Fahriddin Muhammadali og‘li Drum & Percussion Instructor, Children’s Music & Art School No. 6, Izboskan District
Abstract
This article explores the critical role of a teacher’s skill in fostering genuine interest in music theory among young students at music schools. Its aim is to share methods and approaches that make music theory engaging and effective. It outlines ways to boost motivation and curiosity through creative teaching methods and pedagogical techniques, with the goal of achieving success in music education.
Keywords: Music theory · Children’s music school · Teaching skill · Motivation · Teaching methods · Creative approach · Interactive instruction · Pedagogy · Music education · Student interest · Rhythm · Chords · Musical rules · Composition · Musical development
Introduction
Teaching music theory in children’s music and art schools is essential not only for developing musical skills but also for expanding thinking, nurturing creativity, and shaping aesthetic values. Music theory comprises the foundational principles of music—crucial for both composition and performance. However, it can often feel dry or challenging for students, especially when delivered in a purely academic style. That’s why teachers need specific strategies to make theory both interesting and effective.
A teacher’s skill—with creative approaches, pedagogical acumen, and musical knowledge—is vital to spark student interest in theoretical subjects. This not only helps students learn but also nurtures their love for music and the arts. An individual approach is crucial too—each child has unique learning needs and styles. Innovative techniques, interactive instruction, games, and creative exercises are necessary to engage students in theory lessons.
Core Content & Pedagogical Methods
1. Teacher’s Pedagogical Mastery A teacher must adapt lessons to individual learners, make complex concepts simple through real-life examples, and act as a positive role model. Mastery in presentation style is essential for student engagement and understanding.
2. Motivation and Engagement Teachers should identify and leverage students’ intrinsic motivations. Demonstrating music theory through familiar genres or famous composers can captivate students. Providing enjoyable tasks, recognizing progress, and encouraging mistakes-as-learning moments further fuel interest.
3. Innovative Teaching Methods Employ interactive strategies: turn lessons into games, use music software, audio-visual aids, or online platforms. Learning rhythm through listening, analysis, games, and apps enhances engagement and concept retention.
4. Individualized Instruction Personalize tasks based on student ability—challenge advanced learners and support others. Build strong rapport, adjust lessons to strengths and interests, and nurture each child’s musical potential.
5. Practical Exercises and Application Incorporate hands-on practice: rhythm drills, melodic improvisation, composition tasks, and analysis of musical structures. Such activity-based learning solidifies theoretical knowledge through real experience.
6. Making Theory Clear and Fun Explain chords, intervals, rhythms, and musical rules with interactive exercises or visual tools. Introduce students to various musical styles and cross-disciplinary connections.
Conclusion & Recommendations
A teacher’s pedagogic skill, creative thinking, and use of innovative methods are essential for making music theory engaging and effective. Capturing students’ attention, boosting motivation, tailoring lessons, and combining theory with practical tasks all support musical growth.
Recommendations:
Use interactive and creative methods—games, simulations, music apps—to enhance engagement.
Tailor lessons to each student’s learning style and interests.
Encourage and reward student effort to build motivation.
Blend theoretical content with practical activity and composition.
Broaden students’ musical perspective by introducing varied genres.
Manage lesson time wisely for focus and comprehension.
Stay current—attend seminars, workshops, and continue professional development.
Promote collaborative learning—group projects, peer interaction, and team-based music creation.
Implementing these approaches will boost teaching quality and foster deeper student involvement in music theory, nurturing their musical development.
References
U.K. Mirzayeva. Theory and Methods of Music Education. Tashkent, 2018.
A.T. Khoshimov. Pedagogical Technologies and Innovations. Tashkent, 2017.
J.S. Tarkhanov. Innovative Methods in Teaching Music Theory. Tashkent, 2020.
Austin Chung is a diligent high school student thriving in the bustling city of Seoul, South Korea. Passionate about his education and driven by curiosity, he is meticulously crafting his portfolio, eagerly seeking opportunities to showcase his talents and achievements. With a keen eye for detail and a hunger for knowledge, Austin is poised to make a significant impact in his academic journey and beyond.
Jinyoung Chloe Park is a high school student attending a school in Boston, Massachusetts. With an unwavering passion for art, she is diligently curating her art portfolio. Beyond her artistic endeavors, Jinyoung finds joy in creating handcrafted objects and expressing herself through K-pop dancing.
Sophie Yoon is a student and aspiring artist. Drawing inspiration from her surroundings and personal experiences, she uses various mediums to craft pieces that connect on an emotional and thought-provoking level. Sophie is passionate about storytelling through art and hopes to inspire others with her unique perspective.
This article analyzes the role of language in human life and society, its close connection with thinking, culture, and history. The function of language as a medium that reflects the spirit of a nation, its developmental stages, societal significance, and its status in the era of globalization are examined from a scientific perspective. Furthermore, the intrinsic interrelationships between language and thought, language and culture, and language and social consciousness are explored.
Language is the most important tool that expresses the historical and cultural wealth of every nation. Through language, values, traditions, knowledge, and experiences are passed from one generation to the next. It is not only a means of communication, but also a mirror that reflects a people’s identity, worldview, and intellectual level. In today’s process of globalization, the disappearance of many national languages makes the issue of preserving and developing language even more urgent. Therefore, this article provides an in-depth analysis of the social, cultural, psychological, and philosophical aspects of language.
Main Body
Language is a system of symbols that serves to establish communication between people, exchange ideas, and transmit knowledge, culture, and emotions. Its most essential form is spoken speech, although it also exists in written form, gestures, numbers, and other formats. Language is a tool for expressing thought, through which a person understands the world, reflects on it, and shares their ideas with others.
Language reflects the identity of each nation. Every language embodies the spiritual world, worldview, values, customs, and history of its people. Therefore, to preserve a language means to preserve national identity, cultural wealth, and historical heritage. As the cultural memory of a nation, language is transmitted from generation to generation.
The primary functions of language include:
Communicative (communication)
Nominative (naming)
Expressive (expressing emotions)
Cognitive (means of thinking)
Socialization (adapting to society)
Cultural memory
Each of these functions makes language an inseparable part of human life.
Language develops continuously like a living organism. New words emerge, while old ones become obsolete. Social changes, technological progress, and globalization directly impact language. In the era of globalization, many languages are under threat of extinction. Therefore, each nation must respect and protect its own language.
Language and thought are closely intertwined. Language serves as a tool for expressing thought. Human thinking is reflected in language, and language enriches thought. Through language, a person becomes self-aware, finds their place in society, expresses their ideas, and communicates with others. Thus, language is the most crucial feature distinguishing humans from other beings.
By deeply studying language, a person not only understands their own culture but also the cultural wealth of other nations. Language fosters mutual understanding, cooperation, and respect. Neglecting language leads to moral decline, historical disconnect, and loss of identity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, language is the spiritual mirror of a nation. It embodies historical, cultural, and intellectual wealth, and serves as a means of preserving national identity. Language is the greatest treasure of a people, through which their cultural heritage, worldview, and intellectual level are manifested. Preserving and developing language and passing it correctly to future generations is the historical duty and moral responsibility of every conscious citizen.
Especially in today’s world, where globalization, the expansion of the digital information field, and the influence of foreign languages are increasing, paying attention to one’s mother tongue becomes even more important. Language is not just a tool for communication, but a reflection of a nation’s soul, spirituality, and thought.
Language is both the product of human thought and a means of shaping social consciousness. It preserves the historical memory of a nation and serves as a spiritual-cultural bridge between generations. In this sense, the attitude towards language reflects the attitude toward the nation. If a nation loses its language, it may lose its identity, history, culture, and even its independence.
The Uzbek language is an independent language with a unique phonetic system, rich vocabulary, and broad expressive capacity, supported by a thousand-year-old written tradition. Thinkers such as Babur, Alisher Navoi, Ogahi, and Furqat created literary works in this language and elevated it to the language of science and culture. Especially Alisher Navoi, through his works, deeply revealed the potential of the Uzbek language and brought it to global recognition.
In modern times, the status of the mother tongue is being solidified at the state level. According to Article 4 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Uzbek language is the state language. This provides a legal foundation for its development and full use in all areas. In today’s era of information and communication technology, it is essential that young people, especially students, develop a conscious attitude toward language, adhere to the norms of literary language, and enhance their ability to express themselves fluently and logically in their native language. This is not only a matter of personal development but also a vital factor in the progress of the nation.
Language unites people, preserves history, values, and experiences. Therefore, through studying, developing, and enriching language, not only culture but the entire nation rises. This directly contributes to spiritual revival, the formation of a strong civil society, and the preservation of national independence.
In short, our native language is the foundation of our identity and the essential reflection of our spirit. Valuing, protecting, and developing it is the moral duty of every individual.
References
G‘afurov, N. Language and Thinking. Tashkent: UzMU Publishing, 2019.
Jo‘rayev, O. Speech and Society. Samarkand, 2020.
Karimov, I. High Spirituality — Invincible Power. Tashkent, 2008.
Mahmudov, N., Yusupov, Sh. Uzbek Language. Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2017.
Official Publications of UNESCO and LSA (Linguistic Society of America):
Nilufar Mo’ydinova was born in Qo‘shtepa district of Fergana region, Republic of Uzbekistan. She graduated from the Uzbek State University of World Languages. She currently works as a manager at the “Fair Print” Typography Service. Her articles have been published in the newspaper Bekajon.
Abstract: This article analyzes the importance and effectiveness of using game methods in teaching English. Game technologies are considered an important tool in the educational process to increase students’ motivation, develop communication skills, expand vocabulary, and consolidate learned knowledge. The positive impact of the method is illustrated through examples and scientific explanations.
Keywords: game method, English, motivation, communicative approach, interactive learning.
In recent years, the demand for learning English has been increasing sharply. Along with traditional teaching methods, game methods are widely used in modern education. The game is a natural human activity, and when incorporated into the learning process, it turns learning into an interesting and effective process. Research shows that interactive and game-based activities increase students’ interest in the language and involve them as active participants (Brown, 2007).
Definition and types of game methods. Game methods are methods that use game elements in the learning process to achieve educational goals. The following types of games are considered effective in teaching English: Vocabulary games (Word Bingo, Scrabble, Word Search) – accelerate the acquisition of new words. Grammar games (Verb Tense Races, Grammar Jeopardy) – reinforce grammatical rules. Role-playing (Role-play) – develop communication skills in real-life situations. Interactive online games (Kahoot, Quizlet Live) – test knowledge using digital tools. Definition of game methods: Game methods are a pedagogical approach aimed at developing students’ knowledge, skills and competencies using game elements or the entire game structure in the educational process. This method increases students’ activity, independent thinking, creativity, communication skills and increases their interest in the lesson.
The main features of game methods:
ü Having a clear learning goal.
ü Following the rules of the game.
ü Creating an atmosphere of cooperation or competition between participants.
ü Creating a positive emotional environment.
ü Providing active and interactive learning.
Game methods are especially effective in language teaching, making abstract concepts more understandable, memorizing new words and phrases, and developing communication skills.
Types of game methods:1. Didactic games: Games created for specific educational purposes and based on strict rules. They serve to consolidate or test new knowledge. Examples: “Word Chain”, “Bingo”, “Who is faster?”2. Role-playing games: Students play different roles in certain situations and practice real-life communication situations. This method develops communicative competence. Examples: “Shopping in a store”, “Going to visit”, “Business interview”.3. Business games: Games in which professional processes are modeled, strategic thinking and problem-solving skills are developed. Examples: “Managing a company”, “Drawing up a marketing plan”.4. Scenario roles (plot role-playing games): Complex games based on a specific event and scenario. They require creativity, teamwork, and analytical thinking. Examples: “Trial”, “Theatre staging”.5. Action games: Games that help consolidate knowledge and skills through physical movements, more aimed at primary and preschool students. Examples: “Ball collection”, “Relay”.6. Digital and computer games: Games with gamification elements, played on mobile applications or interactive platforms. Examples: Kahoot!, Quizizz, Duolingo. 7. Intellectual games: Games that serve to develop logical thinking, quick response and expand the scope of general knowledge. Examples: “Intelligence”, “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?”, “Jeopardy”. Advantages of game methods: Game methods are widely used in modern education as an interactive and motivational approach. Studies show that the use of game elements makes the learning process more effective and interesting (Gee, 2007; Prensky, 2011). The following are the main advantages of these methods:1. Increases student motivation. Since the game process is inherently interesting, it encourages students to actively participate. The desire to achieve success and the spirit of competition in games increase intrinsic motivation for the lesson. Example: Taking a test through “Bingo” or “Kahoot!” arouses more enthusiasm in students than traditional control work.2. Active participation and communication are enhanced. Role-playing and group games encourage lively communication between students. This is especially effective in language teaching, as students engage in natural communication with each other. Example: Role-playing games such as “Shopping” allow you to practice real-life conversations. 3. Develop creativity and problem-solving skills. Scenario games and business games force students to think creatively and find unconventional solutions. Example: The game “Create a Marketing Campaign” involves students in developing advertising ideas. 4. Enables consolidation of knowledge and rapid memorization. Knowledge acquired during the game process is often remembered longer than in traditional lessons. This is explained by the phenomenon of “memory retention through emotional connection” in psychology. Example: The game “Word Chain” to increase vocabulary. 5. Reduces stress and creates a positive emotional environment. During the game, students feel free and are not afraid of making mistakes. This makes the learning process stress-free and enjoyable. 6. Develops teamwork and social skills. Many games require teamwork, which develops skills such as leadership, compromise, and sharing of tasks in students. Example: Relay or group quizzes. 7. Compatible with modern technologies. Digital games (Kahoot!, Quizizz, Duolingo) are very convenient in distance learning and blended learning systems, allowing you to get interactive results in real time. Increasing cultural and linguistic competence. Game methods in language teaching: Model real-life communication situations; Develop intercultural communication skills; Promote natural language acquisition. Example: In the “Cultural exchange” game, each student describes the culture of another country. 6. Supporting person-centered learning. Game methods take into account the individual capabilities of each student: Develop strengths; Adapt to the pace of learning; Overcome difficulties in a gentle way.
Conclusion: Game methods are one of the most effective tools among modern pedagogical approaches, they form the educational process not only as a process of imparting knowledge, but also as a complex system that supports the personal, social and cultural development of the student. Research shows that lessons with game elements retain students’ attention for a longer period of time, increase motivation and increase the level of mastery. In the process of the game, students acquire not only theoretical knowledge, but also the skills to apply it in real-life situations. This approach: Cognitive development – strengthens the skills of analysis, logical thinking, and quick decision-making; Emotional-intellectual development – awakens positive emotions, increases self-confidence, and reduces fear of mistakes; Social competence – develops teamwork, leadership, and cooperation skills; Cultural and linguistic competence – naturalizes the process of language and culture acquisition; Technological integration – increases the effectiveness of the lesson through digital tools. As a result, game methods not only make the lesson process interesting and lively, but also turn education into a person-oriented, flexible, and innovative system. Their use plays an important role in shaping students as competitive individuals who meet the requirements of modern society. Therefore, the systematic and targeted use of game methods in pedagogical practice is one of the most important strategies for improving the quality of education.
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I am Nafosat Jovliyeva, born in 2005 in Kamashi district of Kashkadarya region. I studied from 1st to 9th grade at secondary school No. 68 under the Department of Public Education in Kamashi district. Between 2022 and 2024, I studied at the Academic Lyceum of the Karshi Institute of Engineering and Economics in Karshi city, majoring in “social sciences”, and successfully graduated with honors. In 2024, I was admitted to Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute and am currently a 1st-year student at the Faculty of Philology, majoring in Foreign Languages and Literature.
In my free time from classes, I make various types of jewelry, such as various handbags, gold chains for our girls, and flowers for gifts using colored ribbons. Currently, I am actively participating in the online “Zakovat” intellectual project and chess games. Currently, I communicate fluently in English and want to continue my master’s degree in Turkey by studying Turkish. One of my future goals is to learn German and Arabic in addition to English and Turkish, and to open a foreign language center in my area and provide free language courses for women in need. I also have sufficient knowledge in the IT field and help young people use online platforms to spend their time meaningfully and enrich themselves with useful information.
