Problems in the process of teaching the mother tongue at school
Kattakorgan State Pedagogical Institute
Faculty of Pedagogy
Primary Education Department student
Nurmetova Orzu Farhod qizi
Tel: (+998)-88-267-37-07
E-mail: orzunurmetova48@gmail.com

       Annotatsiya : Ushbu maqolada maktabda ona tili taʼlimini samarali tashkil etish masalalari hamda bu yoʻnalishda uchrayotgan muammolar tahlil qilingan.Maqolada oʻquv jarayonida qoʻllanilayotgan darsliklar va metodikalar,oʻquvchilarning kasbiy tayyorgarligi,nutq madaniyati hamda tilga boʻlgan munosabati haqida soʻz yuritiladi.Shuningdek,zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalarni qoʻllash,interfaol usullarni keng joriy etish,oʻquvchilarda ona tiliga muhabbat va masʼuliyat hissini shakllantirish boʻyicha soʻz yuritilgan

Kalit so‘zlar: ona tili, ta’lim jarayoni, metodika, o‘qitish usullari, dars sifati, o‘quvchi faolligi, nutq madaniyati, imlo xatolari, yozma nutq, og‘zaki nutq, didaktik materiallar.

Аннотация: В данной статье проанализированы вопросы эффективной организации преподавания родного языка в школе, а также проблемы, возникающие в этом направлении. В статье рассмотрены используемые в учебном процессе учебники и методики, профессиональная подготовка учащихся, культура речи и отношение к языку. Также речь идет о применении современных педагогических технологий, широком внедрении интерактивных методов, формировании у учащихся чувства любви и ответственности к родному языку.

Ключевые слова: родной язык, образовательный процесс, методика, методы преподавания, качество урока, активность учащихся, культура речи, орфографические ошибки, письменная речь, устная речь, дидактические материалы.

Annotation: This article analyzes the issues of effectively organizing mother tongue teaching at school and the challenges encountered in this field. The article discusses the textbooks and methodologies used in the learning process, students’ professional preparation, speech culture, and their attitude towards the language. In addition, it focuses on the use of modern pedagogical technologies, the extensive implementation of interactive methods, and cultivating a sense of love and responsibility towards the mother tongue among students.

Keywords: mother tongue, educational process, methodology, teaching methods, lesson quality, student activity, speech culture, spelling errors, written speech, oral speech, didactic materials.

Introduction: The mother tongue is a spiritual treasure of the nation, and the most important means that expresses the people’s thinking and culture. Teaching the mother tongue in the school education system is aimed not only at providing grammatical knowledge, but also at developing the ability to think correctly, fluently and consistently, expanding students’ vocabulary, and improving their speech culture.

However, today there are several problems in the process of teaching the mother tongue in schools. On one hand, this is related to the effectiveness of teaching methods, and on the other hand, it is closely connected with the general attitude towards language culture in society.

At a time when learning foreign languages is gaining great importance in the context of globalization, it is necessary to further strengthen the prestige and status of the mother tongue. Therefore, improving the process of teaching the mother tongue at school, strengthening students’ love and respect for their native language, and increasing the effectiveness of education based on modern pedagogical approaches are among the most urgent tasks.

Literature review

Scientific work and research conducted on teaching the mother tongue in schools show the relevance of this topic. Sh. Almamatova and M. Mamatqulova in their research highlighted the learning problems that occur in modern lessons and developed proposals to eliminate them. U.B. Bobojonova systematically justified the general didactic and subject-specific methodological principles in mother tongue teaching. S.M. Umarova scientifically substantiated the effectiveness of using an integrative approach in teaching the mother tongue, that is, teaching the language in harmony with other subjects through learning tasks. In the article “Current problems in teaching the mother tongue and literature and ways to solve them” written by Jalil Jalolovich, problems related to the scientific-methodological consistency of textbooks, students’ low literacy level, teachers’ methodological culture, and the material and technical base of schools were widely analyzed. These views show that the number of scientific studies on this topic is increasing and that the topic requires constant research.

Research methods

The research on the topic “Problems in the process of mother tongue teaching at school” was carried out on the basis of the following methods:

Observation method – During the research, mother tongue lessons at school were directly observed, and the organization of the lesson, the level of using interactive methods, students’ activity in the lesson, and their independent thinking skills were studied. Based on the results, recommendations were developed to improve lesson effectiveness.

Survey and interview method – Surveys were conducted among students and teachers. In it, students’ interest in the mother tongue subject, problems in speech culture, difficulties encountered during the lesson, and teachers’ methodological approaches were studied. Interviews were also conducted with teachers and their professional experience was analyzed.

Analysis method – School textbooks, curriculum, methodological guides, practical experiences, and materials related to the activities of advanced teachers were analyzed. Based on these, the effective and weak aspects of the lesson process were identified and directions for improvement were developed.

Results and discussion

The results of the research showed that the main problems in the process of teaching the mother tongue are as follows:

the development of students’ oral and written speech is weak, their vocabulary is limited, and their skills of using grammar rules in practice are low;

the learning process is more focused on theoretical knowledge, and work on text analysis, creative thinking and speech situations is insufficient;

teachers’ pedagogical skills and their aspiration for innovation in choosing methodological approaches are not high everywhere;

due to the large number of students in classes, individual approach is limited;

extracurricular reading culture is weak, and interest in reading fiction is insufficient.

To eliminate these problems, it is necessary to strengthen interactive approaches in teachers’ activities, organize lessons based on practical exercises, increase work with texts that develop independent thinking in students, and involve parents in the process.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the mother tongue is not only a subject that provides grammatical knowledge, but also the main subject that shapes the student’s thinking, worldview, speech and spirituality. Therefore, improving the teaching process of the mother tongue at school is a requirement of the time. Applying modern pedagogical technologies in the lesson, strengthening teachers’ methodological training, increasing students’ love and respect for the language, and establishing work with literary texts will increase the efficiency of education. As a result, the speech culture, thinking capacity and national identity of the future generation will rise.

References

1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to radically increase the prestige and status of the Uzbek language as the state language”, PF–6084. – Tashkent, October 20, 2020.
2. Almamatova Sh., Mamatqulova M. Problems and solutions in teaching the mother tongue. – Tashkent, 2022.
3. Bobojonova U.B. General didactic and subject-specific principles of teaching the mother tongue. – Tashkent, 2021.
4. Umarova S.M. The methodology of developing national pride in teaching the mother tongue through integrative learning tasks. – Tashkent, 2024.
5. Jalolovich J. Current problems in teaching the mother tongue and literature and ways to eliminate them. – Tashkent, June 22, 2025.
6. G‘ulomova A., Qodirov B., Tojiev R., Raxmatullayev Sh. Using interactive methods in mother tongue lessons. – Tashkent, 2021.
7. Omonov H., Mamatqulova M. Modern pedagogical technologies. – Tashkent, 2020.

The Call of Peace

O Human, master of all creation, Why do you ignite the malice within them? No plant is safe from your evils, Nor bird, nor land, nor human being, Even the universe complains of your arrogance.

*****O Human, be mindful! All that your hands destroy will demolish you. Return to your senses, and let us come together to build bridges of love for tomorrow. How many nights were lost in wars, And how many eyes spill tears, And hearts beg for safety, Pleading for peace to prevail upon the Earth. A peace that irrigates every heart, Dispels fear, and summons delight. If love spreads throughout the universe, goodness will reign. For in the palm of Peace, the gardens of happiness sprout.

******Come, let us plant the olive tree as a symbol, And release the white dove, the symbol of peace, And strive for harmony with every effort, To mend what we have corrupted with our own hands. And let us pray to God to grant every heart, A pure, endless peace. A peace that fills the universe with light, And overwhelms the Earth with joys and protection.

‎When Spring Touches Me

‎

‎When spring touches me

‎I search for myself within myself

‎All colors lose their color

‎Only red finds a new language

‎My heartbeat spreads fragrance in the deep of eyes

‎

‎When you touch me

‎I get lost within myself

‎Poets become poems

‎Poems sing the praises of love

‎The topic of love flows in the end of waiting.

‎

‎When spring is far away

‎I wait

‎The kite of time flies in the blue sky.

‎When you are far away

‎From one planet to another

‎It feels like the whole world is mine.

Need for Blessing

They say,

To mourn the dead,

In the way we bless the living—

Is a kind of respect,

A kind of ritual.

They say,

To bless the living,

In the way we mourn the dead—

Is a kind of device,

A kind of cunning.

The living need mourning,

The dead need blessing.

Like the clouds in the sky,

Never let single eyes gaze escape.

A living who has never been mourned,

Is like a dead already blessed.

Under a strange state of mind,

They speak words that sound normal.

haiu-qt seared #33

? Y d f g

a E 8 ; f i g

 ! Z e g h

haiu-qt seared #32

b s t o p

s q u o n d r

c t o p q

haiu-qt seared #29

b o w t a

p e r y a h a

Z o T w e

harry k stammer lives in Santa Barbara, CA USA. His books include tents – 2007 Otoliths,  grounds – 2013 Otoliths, tocsin – 2019 Otoliths, –48 – 2021 Sandy Press, sidewalkss – 2021 Concrete Mist Press, walls’t’s – 2021 Sandy Press, alleys’t’ – 2023 Concrete Mist Press, and Getting to One with Eileen Tabios – 2023 Sandy Press. harry’s sound/poem pieces can be found at https://harrykstammer.bandcamp.com

TALABALARNING ONA TILINI O‘RGATISHDA INTERFAOL VA INNOVATSION YONDASHUVLARNI QO‘LLASH METODLARI                  

Jumanazarova Zuxra     

Kattaqoʻrgʻon davlat pedagogika insituti Xorijiy til va adabiyoti yoʻnalishi talabasi +998500406125

 jumanazarovaz896@gmail.com

Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada talabalarga ona tilini o‘rgatish jarayonida interfaol va innovatsion yondashuvlarni qo‘llashning ahamiyati yoritiladi. Maqolada ta’lim jarayonida ilg‘or pedagogik texnologiyalar, zamonaviy axborotkommunikatsiya vositalari hamda interfaol metodlardan foydalanish orqali talabalar nutq madaniyatini rivojlantirish, mustaqil fikrlash va ijodiy yondashuvini shakllantirish masalalari tahlil etiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, interfaol va innovatsion metodlar talabalarning o‘quv motivatsiyasini oshiradi, o‘z fikrini erkin ifoda etish, til boyligini kengaytirish va kommunikativ kompetensiyasini rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. 

Kalit so‘zlar: Ona tili, interfaol metodlar, innovatsion texnologiyalar, ta’lim samaradorligi, ijodiy fikrlash, kommunikativ kompetensiya  

Abstract: This article highlights the importance of applying interactive and innovative approaches in teaching the native language to students. It analyzes the development of students’ speech culture, independent thinking, and creative approach through the use of advanced pedagogical technologies, modern information and communication tools, and interactive teaching methods. The research results show that interactive and innovative methods increase students’ learning motivation, help them express their thoughts freely, expand their vocabulary, and develop their communicative competence. 

Keywords: native language, interactive methods, innovative technologies, learning efficiency, creative thinking, communicative competence 

Résumé: Cet article met en lumière l’importance de l’utilisation des approches interactives et innovantes dans le processus d’enseignement de la langue maternelle aux étudiants. Il y est analysé comment l’emploi des technologies pédagogiques avancées, des outils modernes de communication et des méthodes interactives contribue au développement de la culture linguistique des étudiants, à la formation de leur pensée indépendante et de leur créativité. Les résultats de la recherche montrent que les méthodes interactives et innovantes augmentent la motivation d’apprentissage des étudiants, favorisent l’expression libre de leurs idées, enrichissent leur vocabulaire et développent leur compétence communicative. 

Mots-clés: Langue maternelle, méthodes interactives, technologies innovantes, efficacité de l’enseignement, pensée créative, compétence communicative IntroductionIn the modern educational process, the role of interactive and innovative methods in developing students’ knowledge, skills, and personal potential is steadily increasing. Especially in teaching the native language, these approaches play a significant role. Interactive methods (role plays, problem situations, group discussions) transform students from passive listeners into active participants, developing their speech culture and creative thinking abilities.

Furthermore, the use of modern information and communication technologies makes it possible to present learning materials interactively and visually, encouraging students to engage actively with the topic. This contributes to the deepening of writing and speaking skills in the native language, fostering personalized learning and the development of creative thinking.

Main Part

Through the use of advanced pedagogical technologies, modern information and communication tools, and interactive methods in education, it becomes possible to develop students’ speech culture, independent thinking, and creativity. The main tasks in this process include stimulating verbal activity, strengthening analytical thinking, and supporting creativity. This encourages students to learn actively, express their opinions freely, think critically, and find creative solutions.

One of the urgent issues today is improving the quality of education and providing students with effective learning. To achieve this, teachers are required to use interactive methods appropriately and arouse learners’ interest. At the same time, teachers must constantly work on self-development and explore new interactive techniques. An interactive method is an activity in which learners cooperate, exchange ideas, and solve problems collectively through communication and discussion. Its main advantage lies in the fact that it teaches students to think independently and prepares them for real life. Interactive methods are learner-centered approaches that activate and motivate learners to think independently. The teacher’s role is to encourage participation, while the learner remains actively engaged throughout the process.

The benefits of learner-centered approaches are as follows: Learning becomes more effective; Learners are highly motivated; Previously acquired knowledge is taken into account; The learning process is aligned with the learner’s goals and needs; Initiative and responsibility are encouraged; Learning through practice is emphasized; Two-way feedback is promoted.

Thus, the use of interactive methods in the teaching process has its own characteristics. Careful study and application of each interactive method in practice broaden students’ thinking and positively affect their ability to solve problems effectively. It increases creativity and activeness. When theoretical and practical problems are analyzed through interactive methods, students’ knowledge, skills, and competencies deepen and expand.

Interactive teaching methods can be classified as follows:1️⃣ Interactive methods: Case study, Brainstorming interview, Modeling, Creative work, Problem-based learning, etc.2️⃣ Interactive teaching strategies: Brainstorming, Boomerang, Gallery, Zigzag, Step-by-step, Snowball, Rotation, etc.3️⃣ Interactive graphic organizers: Fishbone diagram, K-W-L (BBB), Concept table, Venn diagram, T-chart, Insert, Cluster, Why?, How? And others.

In addition, organizing native language lessons based on pedagogical technologies and using interactive methods such as Pair work, Small group work, Tree solution, Incomplete sentence exercise, Wheel of fortune, Find the wrong word, Mixed information, Alphabet, Scales, Lotto, Black box, helps enhance learning effectiveness. For instance, the “Wheel of Fortune” (Charxpalak) method is designed to help students recall previous topics, think logically, answer questions independently, assess themselves, and allows the teacher to evaluate all students’ knowledge in a short time. The activity can be used at the beginning or end of the lesson, during topic reinforcement, or for formative and summative assessment. Students work in groups, receive instructions, and exchange task sheets in a circular “wheel” manner. Each group builds on the ideas of others until the topic is completed. Correct answers are scored, and total points determine achievement levels.

Conclusion

The use of interactive and innovative methods in the educational process plays an important role in increasing students’ learning motivation, developing independent thinking skills, and enabling them to express their opinions freely.

Such methods Yo‘ldoshev, J.G. Ta’limda interfaol metodlar. – Toshkent: “O‘qituvchi”, 2019.  Mehmonov, M.H  Yangi Oʻzbekiston pedagoglari  axborotnomasi “Interfaol metodlar va ularning ta’ lim jarayonidagi mohiyati”. – Toshkent:, 2023. Azizxo‘jayeva, N.N. Pedagogik texnologiyalar va pedagogik mahorat. –       Toshkent: TDPU, 2020. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ona-tili-darslarida-innovatsiontexnologiyalar-asosida-mustaqil-ishlarni-tashkil-etish. Turemuratova, Aziza, Rita Kurbanova, and Barno Saidboyeva. “EDUCATIONAL TRADITIONS IN SHAPING THE WORLDVIEW OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN FOLK PEDAGOGY.” Modern Science and Research 2.10 (2023): 318-322. Xamrakulova, B.A O‘zbekiston davlat jahon tillari universiteti, “ Til o‘rganishda kommunikativ va pragmatik kompensatsiya startegiyalarining ahamiyati”. – Tashkent, O‘zbekiston    

VIOLIN

Rehearsing a melody

A radiant young teenager,

dressed up in her room,

practicing her violin.

And so, appearing at a concert,

to which she was invited, the teenager

is a self-confident person.

That she doesn’t give up easily,

since the instrument requires practice

to achieve her goal is a fact, in fact,

she has even become a popular artist,

making music her main theme.

When listening to her, you could notice

the emotions of the audience

as the young woman stood

on stage and won over

everyone present,

thanks to the violin as

the main instrument

or supporting character

in the performance, the violin

is poised to become the star of the evening,

and the young woman is the most notable

for having used the violin as an instrument in recent times.

Nidia Amelia García, from Buenos Aires, Argentina, is a writer and an active member of Juntos por las Letras (Together for Letters). She has participated in numerous virtual events in Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, Spain, Colombia, Portugal, Nigeria, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and elsewhere. She has also contributed to literary anthologies such as “Books of the Immortals” and “Anthology of the 50 Poets of the World 2022.”