Poetry from John Grey

MOVING DAY CRIME SCENE

When it’s happening, we feel like burglars

robbing ourselves, ransacking the house,

stealing every piece of furniture

and clothing, each book, vacation memento,

the CD’s, the food, the brooms, the umbrellas,

the plants in pots, even the dog’s bowl.

You name it and we steal it from

the unsuspecting people who’ve

livedt here all these years.

We look back from the end of the street

and see, with nothing left to hold it together,

time collapse upon itself.

It’s like a great eraser abrasing its

way across a chalk-board, rubbing

the lives, their meaning, into oblivion.

A FARM OVERGROWN

I scour

the rocky soil

where my father

lost his belief

in God’s munificence.

Lyric forest embalms

old hopes

of making a living.

Only some stumps

and abasement survive.

Oh there’s a harvest here

all right

but it lacks the human hand,

merely ratifies.

beauty’s way with failure.

In pebbles,

the generations end,

the names, the dates,

stripped like bark

from the green veneer.

But it’s just the wind,

the shuffle of brush,

amiable bird song

mixed up with

harsh-throated warnings.

In my father’s wake,

everything’s

sprouting and growing,

blooming and shedding.

But nothing takes root

like the stones.

MORNING SPIDER

I’m up early, early enough to watch the night slip away.

As always, I’m at the bottom of a mountain.

As always, I am non-committal as to my first step.

I just sit here as new sun nudges away bits of shadow.

I amuse myself with straight lines because I can’t see where

the bent ones go. Coffee begins its occupation of my veins.

My eyes roll around my face, then settle in their sockets.

The cat, with a chrysanthemum in its lapel, rubs my ankles.

The mountain is descending itself.  At hill height,

it looks up and, with mighty breath, blows its own head off.

Then it flattens out. I can walk across it.

Light enters the room, is selling uncut flowers.

Above, one sky stands in for all the skies that could be.

It’s the ceiling, like a canvas, where, in a far corner,    

a solitary spider signs his name.

NEW MORNING

On a new morning,

the reds, burnt oranges,

of dawn,

fade into fresh light

that becomes

the final arbiter

of stale darkness

and black sky gives way

to pale blue

and downy clouds,

as trees

flap in the brief

flute notes of the breeze

and sunrays

burn away

tiny drops of

water on the grass tips,

wake the flowers,

draw out the petals

from their nighttime fold.

THE WORLD OUTSIDE WHERE IT BELONGS

I am awake,
fingers slow burning
as they grip hot coffee,
heart, a Geiger counter
finding love in your still sleeping body,
and, on the other side,
brain pecking through
the grievances
already assembled
in my thoughts,
in the newspaper glaring
from my laptop.

The world is a sorry place
but the people in it
find such comfort
in nothing more than
a shape in the sheets,
a soft breath contesting
the solid headwinds of my own.
Strangers die
but loved ones live.
Soldiers kill
but no harm comes
to those in bedrooms.

Soon, you too will
rouse from sleep and dreams,
reconvene with what keeps
you up at night:
the wars,
the inequalities,
the murders, the rapes,
the homeless
in their winter blues.

It’s a dangerous world.
We are safe.
Life turns ugly.
We are beautiful.
Others are what we read about.
We’re what we believe.

John Grey is an Australian poet, US resident, recently published in New World Writing, River And South and The Alembic. Latest books, “Bittersweet”, “Subject Matters” and “Between Two Fires” are available through Amazon. Work upcoming in Paterson Literary Review, White Wall Review and Flights.

Poetry from Gaurav Ojha

The search for Meaning of Life

Everything I have found and lost in between

Come; let us head butt the universe to see what she has got
intense tone of pitiless indifference or irreducible errors
How has it all occurred?
What does it mean to be a human?
Why this chimpanzee brain with sophisticated cognitive abilities?

Minds that can anticipate and conceptualize
Animals in the wild or saviors in mythologies
Where are our proximities in behaviors and perceptions? 

The meaning of life is in the Darwinian reference
Survival, reproduction, and a bit of reciprocal affection
I have mixed it up

With Freudian fixations, denials, displacements, and regressions

The meaning of life is where it is not supposed to be

Repression of basic instincts for civilization progress

The aggressions and revolutions that burn down the order of things are its Discontents

Our symbols of art, literature and culture are pornographic,

Simulated by sexual urge

Why do we have morality for her hymen and not for his tongue?

Life is a pendulum that swings between creativity and death

There is no happiness in human civilizations

We have learned to suppress our instincts for artificial security and progress

Come on the heroes of cartoons, screens, and movies
there is something magical about interpretation
that makes this boring plot so interesting

Follow the trend; go on

Find your meaning in hero worship
we all believe more than we think
between unloading and fading out
Surviving on those useless things that make life worth living

 Oh! Karl Marx, can you make us believe again that

Everything is social, historical, and material

Matter before mind

The meaning of life I am thinking of

Has already been conditioned by the economic realities

To keep my spirit alive, I sat beside a stream

I heard the gentle murmur
Of a sage moon as he was, Rajneesh

Even without thunder, there was
Ma, Ma, Ma
Math, Music, Meditations

My guru of excess

We have become too obsessed with sex

And lost the way into superconsicuoness

In my lonely hours, as I was restless in my bed
I listened to a madman with the voice of Zarathustra
Reason and Madness, Cosmos and Chaos
Probability and Randomness
Combine to create dazzle on the surface of meaninglessness
Nietzsche spoke: you are what you overcome

If life is absurd as you think

You can still create your own meaning

The Prophet of the New Testament sermon told us
Don’t judge, for thou shall be judged
I said to him, I can’t even cast the first stone
I have all the contradictions within

And, for Two Krishnamurti, I admire
J. spoke of truth as pathless land
I observe as I am
Live with choiceless awareness
UG, like a sledgehammer, reminded
Mind is myth, and thinking is against living.
Sages of the Upanishads have said
All is all but all, even if you take out all
And, as the dawn was about to break
Buddha in silence nodded his nothingness

Even if you exist, you don’t
Hare Krishna, I still believe in love
for all the delusions I have racked up on my wall
With Karl Popper, I celebrate open society
and how the human mind works

Shifting between clock and cloud models

Why only the one? Have I been saved by too many?
Let us not look beyond, beneath, or behind something
The meaning of life is like bones and blood
Fire and ice
Struggle between day and night in the twilight sky
Smoke emanating from dead bodies in a funeral pyre
A child dying of bone cancer in a hospital bed
Human fetus aborted to hide an exchange of pleasure
A mother left alone in an old home by her only son
And when you can’t even trust the face of an innocent child
The meaning of life is discouraging, dangerous, and dark

Hanging between silence, signature, and speech

The meaning of life is somewhere between

What you know and don’t know

The meaning of life has not been inscribed in stone

We only have traces of lines drawn on the sand

Distorted by the waves of history
the meaning of life is still recurring and returning
Even after all the explanations, analysis, and interpretations

I only speak for my truth; it doesn’t have to be yours

Essay from Mushtariybegim Ozodbekova

Central Asian young woman with dark hair in a messy bun and her face obscured with a splash of blue.

When Books Breathe: How Stories Transcend Borders, Time, and Silence

When Books Breathe

In a world constantly racing forward, books remain the quiet keepers of human memory. Unlike fleeting trends or temporary platforms, they stay rooted, whispering stories from past centuries into the ears of modern souls. A book doesn’t demand attention; it earns it slowly — through pages that unfold truth, pain, joy, and hope.

When a person opens a book, they don’t just read. They listen — to distant lands, silenced voices, and forgotten times. Through the weight of a well-crafted sentence or the simplicity of a child’s rhyme, literature transcends borders. A young woman in Uzbekistan can feel the struggles of a mother in Sudan, or the joy of a boy in Peru, all through ink and imagination.

Books breathe when we let them live in our minds — when we carry their messages beyond the bookshelf. In this sense, books are alive not because they are printed, but because they are read, shared, and remembered. They wait patiently, knowing their time will come when a reader is ready to receive.

In a noisy age, the stillness of reading becomes a quiet revolution. Through books, we learn not only about the world, but how to become more human within it. They do not speak louder than others — they speak deeper.

Mushtariybegim Ozodbekova is a student and aspiring writer from Uzbekistan. She enjoys exploring literature as a bridge between cultures and generations. Her writing reflects a deep belief in the power of language to inspire empathy and awareness.

This article was inspired by my own experience of discovering books during a time of personal reflection. In today’s fast-paced world, I wanted to write something that reminds us of the silent strength books carry — and how they connect readers across continents, cultures, and time.

Poetry from Hamza Kamar

Revolution 

We are holding out for a hero. With our forehead carved of multi versa wisdoms, 

Sent rowing on a boat designed for a destined night 

Stuck in a time lapse of revolutionary haibun 

With a soothing arctic cooling of illiteracy volcanic tears dripping on a night breast 

Calming flames of corruption 

Ascending on a house of cleaning the world dark stains

Said as he who calm anger with knowing, 

He who freezes the  magma flow of belittled burnt on nightmares 

He who spreads wisdom like wild fire. Wouldn’t sought barricades on a night songs face 

Hamza Kamar is a 16 years old Nigerian poet, painter, and Content Creator. currently studying at Legend International School. He is also member of Hill-top Creative Art Foundation (HCAF).

Essay from Ostanaqulov Xojiakbar

RESEARCH ON METHODS TO IMPROVE SEO PERFORMANCE IN DYNAMIC WEB PAGES CREATED WITH JAVASCRIPT AND REACTJS

Ostanaqulov Xojiakbar Mansurqul o‘g‘li

Andijan State Technical Institute
Faculty of Intelligent Control and Computer Systems
3rd-year student of the Information Systems and Technologies program
Phone: +998 90 529 24 08
E-mail: x.ostanaqulov@mail.ru 
Gmail: ostanaqulovhojiakbar@gmail.com  
ORCID: 0009-0001-5490-1141
Academia.edu: Xojiakbar Ostanaqulov

Annotation. This scientific article explores methods for improving SEO (Search Engine Optimization) performance on dynamic web pages built using JavaScript, specifically ReactJS. Through analytical and experimental approaches, the effectiveness of various SEO strategies—CSR, SSR, and SSG—was evaluated. Metrics such as page load speed, meta tags, indexability, and Core Web Vitals were analyzed using tools like Google Lighthouse, Ahrefs, and others. The advantages of SSR and SSG were supported by practical outcomes. Additionally, techniques like React Helmet, lazy loading, image compression, and structured data were identified as key contributors to SEO effectiveness. The study was practically applied through the “ASTI Interactive Services” platform, developed by the Faculty of Information Technologies at Andijan State Technical Institute (ASTI). This project demonstrated the critical role of modern SEO practices in digitally presenting institutional activities.

Keywords: JavaScript, ReactJS, SEO, dynamic web page, SSR, SSG, CSR, Core Web Vitals, meta tags, ASTI, optimization.

Introduction. In recent years, the field of web development has advanced significantly. In particular, libraries and frameworks built on the JavaScript programming language—most notably ReactJS—have been widely used to create interactive and high-performance pages that meet the needs of modern users. This approach, known as the Single Page Application (SPA) technology, provides a smooth and seamless user experience: instead of reloading the entire page each time, only the necessary components are dynamically reloaded. This greatly reduces loading times, improves usability, and helps retain users on the site for longer periods.

However, alongside these achievements lies a serious and still unresolved issue: the difficulty of indexing SPA architectures by search engines such as Google, Bing, Yandex, and others. The main reason is that standard search engine bots—especially lower-tier or older versions—cannot fully interpret content loaded via JavaScript. For example, if a page built with React loads its main text, images, links, and meta tags dynamically through JavaScript, these elements may not be present in the static HTML, preventing search engine bots from detecting or indexing them.

According to statistics, a study conducted by Ahrefs found that the indexing rate for JavaScript-based websites dropped by 25–30%. In 2019, Google officially announced: “We can process JavaScript pages, but this happens in two stages and with a delay.” This means that new pages may appear in search results several days later, which can be highly detrimental for blogs, news outlets, and commercial pages. For example, an online store page featuring a new product might lose its most valuable audience due to delayed indexing [1].

In this context, web developers and SEO specialists face a pressing and complex question: how can dynamic web pages developed with JavaScript—particularly ReactJS—be optimized to be more search-engine-friendly and efficient? To answer this question, modern web architecture approaches must be analyzed, focusing on techniques such as Server-Side Rendering (SSR), Static Site Generation (SSG), dynamic rendering, automated meta tag management, content loading speed optimization, code splitting, lazy loading, and other relevant technical methods (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. ReactJS and JavaScript Technologies

For example, React-based frameworks such as Next.js play a crucial role in solving this problem. With Next.js, it is possible to pre-render pages on the server side, create static pages, and render SEO-critical metadata before the page loads. This ensures that the page is fully and quickly indexed by Google. Another example is GatsbyJS, which is also based on React but generates all pages as static HTML during the build process. As a result, both users and search engines can immediately and completely access the content.

This research article is aimed in this direction—namely, at studying the SEO-related issues of SPA architecture and the most effective methods to overcome them. Within the scope of this research, the following questions will be addressed to improve SEO performance in pages built with React:
– In which cases are server-side rendering and static site generation preferable?
– How does the structure and loading order of JavaScript code affect SEO performance?
– What are the optimal methods for dynamic meta tag management?
– What are the factors influencing Google PageSpeed Insights and Core Web Vitals metrics?

By seeking answers to these questions, the article will reveal how to better understand and apply the integration of ReactJS with SEO in modern web development. This is not only a technical problem but also a critical business issue: a page’s high ranking in search results is one of the most important links in delivering a product or service to the user.

Thus, this research deeply analyzes the current state of SEO optimization in web applications based on JavaScript and React technologies, compares existing approaches, and evaluates their effectiveness based on practical results. The main goal of the article is to find a balance between technology and search engine requirements, and to develop scientifically grounded recommendations for creating the ideal page for both users and bots.

Methodology. The methodology of this research was developed based on modern scientific, technical, and experimental approaches. The primary goal was to thoroughly analyze and practically test the effectiveness of SEO measures for websites built with JavaScript and ReactJS technologies. Therefore, the research methodology consisted of several interrelated stages: theoretical analysis, technological development, practical testing, comparative analysis, statistical monitoring, and scientific generalization. Through these stages, the role of SEO in dynamic ReactJS-based websites was comprehensively studied, and scientifically justified conclusions were drawn (see Figure 2).

Figure 2. Speech on the Topic of SEO in Websites by Xojiakbar Ostanaqulov, 3rd-Year Student at Andijan State Technical Institute

At the initial stage, the existing theoretical and technical knowledge in the field of SEO was thoroughly studied. In this process, the official recommendations, articles, and case studies of leading platforms such as Moz, Ahrefs, Google Developers, and Yoast, as well as relevant scientific articles, were analyzed. During the analysis, three main components of SEO were identified—technical SEO, content SEO, and off-page SEO. Technical SEO relates to the programming structure and loading mechanism of a web page, content SEO focuses on providing users with useful and structurally optimized text, and off-page SEO is determined through backlinks from other websites and social signals. Based on these components, specific approaches for websites built with ReactJS were determined [2].

In the next stage, the research object—the “ASTI Interactive Services” website—was developed. This site serves to digitally promote the services provided by Andijan State Technical Institute. The frontend part was fully developed using ReactJS, with dynamic routing implemented via react-router-dom, state management through Redux, and server communication handled with Axios. Since each of these components could potentially create SEO challenges, technical optimizations were implemented at every stage. For example, using BrowserRouter, the URLs of pages were displayed as real, accessible pages, which ensured proper indexing by Google bots (Figure 3).

Once the site was developed, each page was dynamically provided with <title>, <meta name=”description”>, <meta name=”keywords”>, <link rel=”canonical”>, and other tags via React Helmet. These tags define how the page is interpreted by Google search. All images were converted to WebP format and given alt attributes. Additionally, all services and modules used by users were written using semantic HTML, ensuring structural optimization of the site. The site was also equipped with robots.txt and sitemap.xml files. These files clearly indicated to bots how the pages should be indexed. As a result, both the speed and quality of page indexing improved.

Figure 3. Main Page Interface of the ASTI Interactive Services Platform

One of the most important stages of the research methodology was the experimental analysis. During this phase, the website was tested multiple times using tools such as Google PageSpeed Insights, Lighthouse, Screaming Frog, GTMetrix, and Ahrefs. After each test, metrics including LCP (Largest Contentful Paint), FID (First Input Delay), CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift), and TTI (Time to Interactive) were continuously monitored. Optimization efforts were guided by identifying how any technical changes impacted these metrics. For example, implementing code splitting using React.lazy and Suspense components reduced loading time by 23%. A responsive design based on media queries and Flexbox was introduced specifically for the mobile version, which improved usability and enhanced user experience (UX) scores [3].

Statistical monitoring was a distinct component of the methodology. The website was observed under real conditions for 14 days. Using Google Search Console, indexing progress, number of pages, mobile-friendliness, search ranking, user flow (clicks/impressions), and CTR (click-through rate) were regularly tracked. Ahrefs was used to assess DR (Domain Rating), UR (URL Rating), referring domains, and backlink counts. These figures were used to measure the site’s SEO potential. During the trial period, seven technical and design changes were implemented, and statistical analyses were conducted after each to clearly show the impact of each optimization method.

A comparative analysis method was also employed. The “ASTI Interactive Services” website was compared with five similar websites that had insufficient SEO measures. Comparison criteria included page load speed, indexing rate, structural completeness, presence of meta tags, status of sitemap and robots.txt files, URL structure, and mobile compatibility. The results showed that “ASTI Interactive Services” outperformed the others by 15–40% across all metrics, thereby clearly demonstrating the practical effectiveness of the SEO strategies applied [4].

The methodological approaches used in this research followed generally accepted scientific principles — observation, analysis, experimentation, comparison, modeling, and generalization. Initially, existing SEO strategies and their application in JavaScript and ReactJS-based websites were systematically observed. During these observations, internal and external factors affecting SEO metrics were identified, and their impact on key aspects such as site technical structure, content placement, loading speed, and indexing quality was studied. Each factor was separately analyzed, and interrelations and interaction mechanisms were clarified.

Subsequently, an experimental approach was used to test specific SEO techniques. Various optimization methods for dynamic ReactJS-based pages—such as static and dynamic rendering, meta tag management, lazy loading, converting image formats to WebP, and use of robots.txt and sitemap.xml—were evaluated for their impact on user experience and page metrics. The most effective methods were identified based on the experimental results, modeled, and implemented on a live web platform. Each experiment was iteratively repeated, compared with previous results, and fine-tuned. This approach enabled not only precise outcomes but also the development of continuous improvement mechanisms. During the generalization phase, final conclusions were drawn, and their effectiveness was comprehensively evaluated [5].

Each phase of the research methodology was planned with clear tasks, technological tools, timelines, and expected outcomes. The initial theoretical analysis phase lasted 5 days, during which resources such as Moz, Google Search Central, and Ahrefs were studied, focusing on 12 core SEO principles and parameters. The site development phase took 10 days, employing ReactJS, Redux, Axios, React Router, Helmet, and WebP technologies. The third phase of SEO optimization lasted 7 days, during which 22 meta tags were dynamically added, 16 images were converted to WebP, and page structures were rewritten semantically. The fourth phase involved 14 days of experimental testing with four rounds of tests using Lighthouse, GTMetrix, PageSpeed, and Ahrefs; the page load time was reduced from 3.2 seconds to 1.8 seconds. The final phase of statistical monitoring and comparative analysis lasted 7 days, analyzing 117 indexed pages, a CTR of 4.9%, and URL structure comparison via Google Search Console and Ahrefs. Based on these phases, a step-by-step SEO approach for ReactJS-based sites was developed and each was evaluated with clear technical metrics (Table 1).

Table 1. Summary Analysis of the Methodology Section

Stage NameDurationTools UsedKey Results and Metrics
1. Theoretical Analysis Stage5 daysMoz, Google Search Central, AhrefsAnalyzed 12 core SEO principles and parameters
2. Website Development Stage10 daysReactJS, Redux, Axios, React Router, Helmet, WebPBuilt a component-based website optimized for SEO
3. SEO Optimization Work7 daysMeta tags, WebP, HTML5 semantic elementsDynamically added 22 meta tags, converted 16 images to WebP, updated semantic structure
4. Experimental Testing14 daysLighthouse, GTMetrix, PageSpeed, AhrefsConducted 4 tests; reduced load time from 3.2s to 1.8s
5. Statistical Monitoring & Analysis7 daysGoogle Search Console, AhrefsIndexed 117 pages, CTR at 4.9%, analyzed URL structure

Results. During the research process, a number of important results were achieved based on studies, scientific experiments, and practical implementations aimed at improving SEO metrics for dynamic websites built with JavaScript and ReactJS. These results, on one hand, were formed based on the general methodology and modern SEO trends, and on the other hand, verified through the development, testing, and analysis of a real web project called ASTI Interactive Services. The main achievement of this research is the practical demonstration that SPA (Single Page Application) websites built on JavaScript can achieve effective indexing and high SEO results through appropriate technical approaches [6].

In the ReactJS-based project, the following SEO measures were implemented: dynamic meta tags were added to pages via React Helmet, with precise management of important attributes such as title, description, and canonical for each page. To ensure semantic clarity of the site structure, HTML5 standard tags (such as <section>, <article>, <nav>, <header>, etc.) were used correctly and purposefully. Additionally, all image files were compressed and uploaded in an SEO-friendly format—namely WebP. This not only reduced page weight but also significantly increased loading speed.

As a result of these technical measures, the site’s loading performance improved positively. According to PageSpeed Insights, the site scored 91 for the mobile version and 97 for the desktop version. Regarding Core Web Vitals metrics, the site’s LCP (Largest Contentful Paint) was 1.9 seconds, FID (First Input Delay) was 12 ms, and CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) was 0.01. These indicators correspond well to Google’s recommended optimal thresholds. Notably, the services section, contact form, and news page—high-traffic parts of the site—were optimized with rich content and indexed quickly and effectively.

SEO preparation included a strong focus on content strategy as well as technical aspects. Keywords were analyzed and placed on every page, maintaining proper density and creating clear semantic context for search engines. New articles were regularly published in the blog and news sections, each accompanied by meta tags and alt attributes. Content freshness ensured continuous indexing of the pages [7].

The project extensively used the following technologies and platforms:

  • Frontend: ReactJS, Redux, Axios, React Router DOM, Helmet
  • Backend: Django REST Framework, PostgreSQL, Admin Panel
  • SEO tools: Google Search Console, PageSpeed Insights, Screaming Frog SEO Spider, Lighthouse, Ahrefs (for analysis)

This combination of technologies enabled the creation of a user-friendly interface alongside a search-engine-optimized site structure. Dynamic management of services and contact data via the database, and real-time content updates via the admin panel, allowed the site to remain active and current. Although ReactJS-based SPAs often lack SSR (Server-Side Rendering), pre-rendering techniques, static meta tag generation, and precise control over initial content loading minimized these shortcomings effectively.

Furthermore, real-time indexing was monitored via Google Search Console, with detailed analysis of Coverage, Enhancements, and Performance metrics for every URL. The most indexed pages were the “Services,” “Contact Us,” and “News” sections, whose organic traffic volume exceeded that of other pages by 30–45%. Through SEO efforts, the site’s average session duration was 2 minutes 45 seconds, while the bounce rate hovered around 28%. These indicators demonstrate user interest and confirm that the optimization results improved user experience (see Figure 4).

Figure 4. SEO Optimization Status of the ASTI Interactive Services Platform

Scientifically, the following key conclusions were drawn:

  1. Websites built on SPA architectures like ReactJS can be optimized for SEO with specialized approaches, indicating a shift from previously held paradigms.
  2. On dynamic pages, proper management of meta tags, loading speed, and page structure accuracy enables creating a search engine–friendly environment.

Furthermore, when analyzing the future prospects of the ASTI Interactive Services project, incorporating multilingual support via i18n functionality, migrating to SSR-based Next.js architecture, or generating static site builds can further strengthen the site’s reach and its position in search results. Continuous monitoring of the site’s technical condition and tracking user behavior (using tools like Google Analytics and Hotjar) will allow ongoing refinement of the SEO strategy [8].

According to statistical data obtained during the final testing and monitoring phase of the ASTI Interactive Services site, the overall loading speed scored 97 points on desktop and 91 points on mobile devices. Core Web Vitals metrics were as follows: Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) at 1.9 seconds, First Input Delay (FID) at 12 milliseconds, and Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) at 0.01. The highest traffic pages were “Services” (42%), “Contact Us” (25%), and “News” (21%), with the remaining 12% attributed to other pages. Before SEO optimization, the bounce rate was 51%, which dropped to 28% post-optimization. Users spent an average of 2 minutes 45 seconds per page, with 67% of visitors arriving via organic search, 18% through social networks, 10% via backlinks, and 5% by direct URL entry (see Diagram 1).

Diagram 1. Statistical Data of the ASTI Interactive Services Website

Discussion. Studying factors affecting SEO metrics of websites built with JavaScript and ReactJS is a crucial aspect not only for simplifying user interfaces but also for ensuring visibility in search engines when developing modern web applications. Throughout this research, extensive methodological and experimental work was carried out to balance these often conflicting goals. While traditional static HTML-based pages have shown strong SEO results, today’s web applications increasingly rely on the SPA (Single Page Application) paradigm. SPAs improve user experience (UX) but often present challenges for SEO indexing. This challenge formed the starting point of the study [9].

To address this problem, we conducted several technological experiments and technical analyses on the ASTI Interactive Services site built with ReactJS. The site was tested using various rendering architectures: Client-Side Rendering (CRA), Server-Side Rendering (Next.js), and Static Site Generation (Gatsby). Each rendering type demonstrated its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of SEO impact. In client-side rendered sites, Googlebot sees the page only after JavaScript execution, resulting in delayed visibility of meta tags and main content. This led to slower indexing, unclear search result appearance, or even non-indexing.

Server-side rendering proved to be an effective solution. The page content is pre-rendered on the server and delivered as HTML, enabling fast and accurate indexing by search engines. For example, SSR pages built with Next.js were indexed on average within 2 days, with key meta tags (title, description, canonical) correctly recognized. Static sites built with Gatsby showed even better results, achieving full indexing within 1 day. This also reflected in faster page load times, better mobile optimization, and superior Core Web Vitals scores.

During the discussion, the following technical differences were identified:

  1. Impact of rendering technologies on indexing:
    1. CRA (CSR): Pages indexed within 5–7 days; meta tags appeared with delay.
    1. Next.js (SSR): Pages fully indexed within 2 days.
    1. Gatsby (SSG): Pages indexed within 1 day; achieved highest SEO scores.
  2. SEO technical metrics (based on Google Lighthouse):
    1. CRA: SEO – 72, Performance – 63
    1. SSR: SEO – 91, Performance – 88
    1. SSG: SEO – 98, Performance – 94
  3. Growth in organic traffic:
    1. CRA version: 18 out of 100 users came from search engines.
    1. SSR version: 47 out of 100 users came from search.
    1. SSG version: 64% of users arrived via search.

Experiments conducted on ASTI Interactive Services applied the following approaches to improve SEO indicators while preserving user experience:

  • Dynamic meta tags for each page via React Helmet library.
  • Automatic generation of sitemap.xml and robots.txt files.
  • Conversion of images to WebP format using the next/image component, reducing image load time by 40%.
  • Optimizations that reduced Core Web Vitals: LCP down to 1.7 seconds and CLS down to 0.01 (see Figure 5).

Figure 5. SEO-Optimized Code Sections of the ASTI Interactive Services Platform

Additionally, JSON-LD formatted structured data was added to the pages, enabling search engines to display page elements as Rich Snippets. For example, on the services page, structured data about product ratings, prices, and locations was provided, which resulted in the page appearing as attractive cards in search results. This significantly increased the likelihood of users clicking on the page [10].

Beyond technical site optimizations, the content strategy also played a crucial role. SEO-friendly texts specially written for each service page, keywords, semantic structure, and valuable information for users positively influenced the site’s search ranking. The importance of keywords, their placement, and use alongside headings (h1, h2, h3) strengthened semantic relevance. Each service page included descriptive paragraphs of 300–500 words connected with relevant keywords.

Additionally, the site incorporated:

  • Open Graph and Twitter Card meta tags: ensured beautiful previews when shared on social networks.
  • Canonical URLs: reduced the negative SEO impact of duplicate pages.
  • Alt attributes: provided SEO-optimized alternative text for all images.

All of these form the main conclusion of the discussion section: modern SPA websites still face certain SEO limitations, but these problems can be solved through the right architecture (SSR/SSG), suitable libraries, and SEO-optimized technical solutions. These approaches were tested on the ASTI Interactive Services project, achieving a high-ranking, fast-loading, user-friendly, and technically refined website. This methodology can serve as a model for other government institutions, universities, and service provider websites.

Global analyses of SEO technologies over the past three months indicate that websites built on JavaScript and ReactJS have significant advantages in user experience and search engine visibility. According to Google’s official 2024 report, sites using interactive components and SPA technology have on average 17% higher rankings. Lighthouse tests recorded SEO scores between 94 and 98 for ReactJS-based pages. Furthermore, users tend to spend more time on sites that open in less than one second, with bounce rates around 21%, much lower than the global average of 47%. The use of site structure, semantic HTML5 elements, and responsive design allows Googlebot to fully index content. Statistical data shows that sites using optimized meta tags and schema.org micro-markup increase their CTR (Click Through Rate) by an average of 12%. Also, sites with robot.txt and sitemap.xml files are indexed twice as fast by Google. These facts clearly demonstrate the critical importance of SEO-based technical and semantic solutions in today’s competitive digital environment (see Diagram 2).

Diagram 2. Multifaceted Impact of SEO Technologies

Conclusion. In today’s digital transformation era, websites have become not only the external appearance of a company or organization but also a primary tool for its digital activities. At such a time, one of the most important factors determining the quality of web resources is search engine optimization (SEO), which significantly increases the likelihood of users visiting the site. Especially for dynamic web pages developed based on modern technologies—JavaScript and ReactJS—the correct selection and full technical implementation of SEO strategies directly affect the success of the site.

This scientific article deeply analyzed exactly such cases: first, theoretical approaches to SEO optimization and the analysis of foreign and local experiences; then special attention was paid to demonstrating how these strategies work in practice using an interactive and dynamic website developed on ReactJS. Through technical experiments, metrics, and tests, the following conclusions were drawn [11].

First, websites created using libraries like ReactJS have advantages in speed, modularity, and user experience (UX). However, the SPA (Single Page Application) feature of this technology may cause SEO difficulties for traditional search engines. Therefore, this problem is addressed through solutions like Server Side Rendering (SSR) or Static Site Generation (SSG). For example, platforms created with Next.js enable multi-layered optimizations. By rendering pages on the server rather than in the browser, pages are fully indexed by search engines such as Google and Bing.

Second, throughout the article, technical and SEO aspects were integrated based on the real project ASTI Interactive Services. The following practical measures were taken for this platform:

  • Full restoration of HTML semantics (page structure optimized using header, nav, section, article, footer elements),
  • Meta tags created separately for each page (title, description, keywords, canonical),
  • Proper setup of robots.txt and sitemap.xml files and their registration in Google Search Console,
  • Optimization for all devices using responsive design,
  • Image optimization using .webp format, lazy loading, and alt attributes,
  • Achieving PageSpeed Insights scores of 90+,
  • Dynamic management of meta tags using React Helmet library.

Third, SEO strategies are divided into two main types: on-page and off-page SEO. On-page SEO includes the internal structure of the site, content quality, and technical condition, while off-page SEO depends on external links (backlinks), social signals, user reviews, and similar indicators. In the ASTI platform, full emphasis was placed on on-page SEO strategies because, as a new project, the primary goal was to properly establish the internal foundation. Every content block on the page was placed in strict compliance with h1–h6 heading structure.

Fourth, according to experimental results, SEO-optimized pages showed in Google Analytics:

  • A decrease in bounce rate by 18%,
  • An increase in average session duration by 40 seconds,
  • Page per session increased by 1.2 times,
  • CTR (Click-Through Rate) rose from 2.8% to 6.3%.

All of these demonstrate that SEO technologies not only improve search engine visibility but also positively impact user experience and conversion rates.

Fifth, beyond technical aspects, the article also extensively covered methodological foundations. Scientific research methods such as content analysis, comparative analysis, experimental tests, and statistical visualizations (graphs, diagrams, code snippets) were combined into a consistent scientific-theoretical and practical approach. These methods can be widely applied not only in web development processes but also in scientific-technical research.

Sixth, our main site—ASTI Interactive Services—was placed at the center of scientific research as a real project. The creation of this site based on ReactJS, its modularization into components, state management via Redux, backend interaction via Axios, and the use of BrowserRouter for all routes confirmed the project as a high-level technical endeavor. The backend was supported by Django REST API. Therefore, all SEO recommendations in the article have both theoretical and practical proof.

Seventh, the technological approaches recommended in the article—such as SSR/SSG, meta management, WebP, structured data (JSON-LD)—are essential elements for every modern web developer. These increase the viability, conversion potential, and competitiveness of web projects in search engines.

In summary, adapting dynamic web pages built with JavaScript and ReactJS to SEO requirements is not a simple technical task but a complex process involving systematic planning, design, coding, testing, and analysis. Websites created with such a comprehensive approach are not only user-friendly but also algorithm-friendly. Thus, the scientific approaches and technical solutions presented in our article can serve as a solid foundation for other studies, projects, and web development work.

REFERENCES

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Essay from Sarvinoz Orifova

Central Asian teen girl with long straight dark hair and a white collared shirt standing up holding a framed certificate.

MY MOTHER AND FATHER: THE GREATEST SUPPORTERS IN MY LIFE

Our mothers and fathers are the most important people in our lives. It is difficult to express their compassion, the lessons they have taught us, and the role they play in our lives. Every individual’s path to education and success is deeply influenced by the contribution of their parents. In this essay, I want to talk about my mother and father, and the place they hold in my life.

The Education and Influence of My Parents

My mother and father have always tried to give their children the right education. Their efforts and the example they set have played a very important role in my personal development. My parents have not only taught me but have also tried to teach high values to other young people as well. They have always shown me the right path and taught me to learn from my mistakes.

Their Patience and Support

During the most difficult times in my life, my parents have always stood by me. They have been strong supporters for me and have constantly pushed me forward. Their patience, resilience in the face of difficulties, and positive attitude toward supporting me have been a great source of motivation throughout my life.

My Parents’ Diligence and Creativity

The diligence and creativity of my parents have been a major source of inspiration for me. While taking care of their daily tasks, they have also worked hard to ensure the well-being of our family. Their strong work ethic taught me to approach my work with seriousness, to work continuously, and to strive to reach my goals.

My Gratitude Toward My Parents

I am always grateful to my parents. They continue to support me in every new step I take. Their advice and help guide me to become the best version of myself. Their love and care are such a treasure for me that no words can ever truly express it. If I have ever upset them by going against their wishes, I ask for their forgiveness. I understand now, and I will always be thankful to them.

My mother and father are the biggest supporters and sources of inspiration in my life. I truly appreciate their love and patience. Every individual’s success is connected to the continuous support and education provided by their parents. I respect my mother and father deeply and try to apply their advice in my life. They are the closest people to me.