CURRO LOVES IRENE

How and why God will have placed in the World

(A stunned God, his mental energies lost)

Brainless and disabled like Curro and Irene

Destined to procreate and give children to the Nation

Falling in love intensely like crazy people

Thinning their skin and belly

With her crazy lips she

Making love with meat and turnip

Giving birth to as many children as God wants.

He is a mischievous kitchen gallop

She, a grape pincher who steals dates or olives

With a toothpick or pin in the Market.

With a long procession of sperm

In her fallopian tubes

She engenders and gives birth like a rabbit

Without missing the slightest circumstance.

Curro conquered her in Boca del Asno

Recreational area next to the Eresma river

In the Valsaín Mountains, Segovia

One day when they went

On an excursion with their school

To spend the whole day.

On their hiking route throughout La Boca

He motioned to her with his penis

What noise or lure to hunt birds.

-My horn has gunpowder, he told her.

She answered him:

-Listen to the sound of my clam

Or whistle that imitates it.

Put your ear!

Fucking is living force

That neither the living nor the dead respect it

And even less the giddy ones.

-Look, Irene, Curro told her.

Right next to a waterfall that made the water

Look what a blowing wind

Or subtle current of air brings us the cataract

Cooling our asses.

At some point, the two of them embraced

Remembering their disturbed children

What they had left in Burgos capital

Safely

She rubbing his penis

As if it were a bagpipe with a handlebar:

Seneca, Pomponia, Mala, and Pliny.

El Pinjante (The prick), Curro’s pendant jewel

Thick, fat, buttery

Ejaculated abundantly, copiously, fertilely

On the pine land

While Irene was pissing herself laughing

Without dropping a drop of urine

For her beautiful lip scar.

The history of the senses says so

They are confirmed facts

Curious, very guarded.

-Daniel de Culla

where the wild sea is borne 

the wild borne sea, the true salted places w/those sandbanks and even the broken bits of shells are okay, glistening somehow in the dawn, and in the afternoon light. cargo ships on the horizon, like ghosts vessels moving in an etheric ephemeral eternal astral. walking away along the shores there is a place w/bricks and stones where people had a fire, and the dirt roads that curve up to the right just so and long past verdant palm trees and the countenance of the lands, lands rugged and strange, mystical and beautiful, ancient and new that boast of beige sand more plus other indigenous flora and fauna, where the hills look like faces of spirits that don’t have a classification and have never been seen before, where the rains when they descend tell myriad stories and the sun after is a calm and right poem not too long or short, but perfectly accessible then. 

that old path

that old path, new again, the one at the northern most place. how different than other paths, more vast and w/taller trees. there is a long and straight part that is perhaps my favourite. framed by verdant leaves in the summer’s sun and snowy branches along winter’s way whimsical. the path is always right and well. we must go to there again, more often. somehow we waited too long since that last time. oh that old path, where the evergreens grow and the birds wait beyond, where the north mingles with the south insomuch that you can begin to feel hints there of the truth of winds wild and vast lands, of unabridged nature in its season’s cycles wonderfully rugged rural rustic. 

silence and wonder, far and far

on the summit of an otherwise wide field banked by a valley on one end and a forest on the other, it had began to snow. I remember that, and at that part there is sumac and apparently there are two kinds in the world and I’m not sure which one it is. it is a thing because it retains its colour like the evergreens, all through the changing seasons. and there was a lower field at the end w/an entrance to where chaga mushrooms sought by many, lived upon old birch trees. if you went in there you had to tread slowly as the path goes winding and up and down and you are then certainly all alone. you have to really respect the land there and it wouldn’t hurt to say a little prayer for safe passage. but it is worth it, full of silence and wonder and atmosphere,- the trees and leaves and earth and little streams are touched by the outside world. what a home for the woodland squirrel and any other thing. even the wind is blocked for the most part. the wind…the wind…the say new December wind that races through fields announcing its story for anyone that would listen. 

sun cloud valley 

the sun shone through the clouds and married then the floor of the valley where there are hidden but once found, distinct footpaths. who made the paths is not known, but even with the leaves they are still pronounced enough to travel. and the snow. it began snowing then and the clouds and the light and the small breeze cold made for a good scene and sight. what would the winter bring to those lands of birch and sumac, of mushroom and agate, of tall proud evergreen and old fallen leaves? the winter like the spring and summer and fall, is by no means one dimensional, but like a person or country, or like many things, has different aspects. but yes for then,- the sun and the clouds and the light snow and the wind all visited the valley. the valley housing different paths up and down and around,- paths like lines of some larger poem or story. 

Musing


There goes my path
Of unflinching state
Devotees of choir sang
An unsung ballad 
Trees whispering a 
Mountain of trees
Cobalt blue of musing
Masterpiece
I jumped an untrodden museum
Kite runners held their guns
Glory’s unmet desires
Full of nonchalant melody
It is the season of
Unspoken understanding
Vanilla blue topaz in my hand
My path rained a thousand
Prophet song
Devotees of choir of
Newly built musing. 

THE CHARACTER OF JALOLIDDIN MANGUBERDI IN HISTORICAL SOURCES

Karimova G.Q
Urganch State University

Abstract: The image and personality of Sultan Jalaluddin Manguberdi is described in the article.
Key words: Khorezmshahs, Mankburnis, Juvainis of Atama, Shihobiddin An-Nasawi, Mongols, Kudrat Mashiripov, Maksud Sheikhzade.

A brave fighter who sacrificed his life for the freedom of the country, a true patriot, a national hero, a great man who left an indelible mark in the history of world nations, a skilled commander, the last ruler of the Khorezmshah dynasty, Sultan Jalaluddin Manguberdi (1198-1231) is the eldest son of Muhammad Khorezmshah. He lives 33 years and spends 11 years of his life in battle. Full name: Jalaluddin ibn Alauddin Muhammad. Jalaluddin was named Mankburni because he had a hole (mank) on his nose. Later, this name changed in pronunciation and became known as “Manguberdi”.

Many scholars wrote works about Sultan Jalaluddin Manguberdi. Aluuddin Otamalik Juvaini says about Sultan Jalaluddin in his work “Tarihi Jahon Kuso”:

“Among the sons of Sultan Muhammad, Sultan Jalaluddin was the oldest, the crown of the kingdom, courageous, learned, and the light of the lamp of theology. Despite the fact that other brothers were given worldly blessings, Sultan Jalaluddin never left his father’s side and helped him in state affairs. When his father did right and wrong things, he told them to his face.

Jalaluddin Manguberdi’s munshi, contemporary and close friend, Shihobbiddin An-Nasawi, wrote down a lot of information about the Sultan in his work “Siirat al-Sultan Jalal-ad-Din”. He states that he fought for the freedom of the country and the people, fought against the Mongols for 11 years, fought against the Mongols 14 times and won 13 battles.

Kudrat Masharipov mentions that Jalaluddin Khorezmshah was the bearer of the freedom struggle, he was successful in the continuous struggles, he showed himself as a famous general and a great statesman, and in a short time he restored the state of the Khorezmshah empire in the south-west of Iran, Khorasan, Azerbaijan, and Iraq.

In fact, even to this day, our grandfather is Mangubarhayat. Maqsud Sheikhzade expresses the image of Sultan Khorezmshah in the drama “Jalaluddin Manguberdi” with the following words:
… He who has a place in mortality – lives forever, I’m Manguberdi, I know.

From the sky, from the water, or from the ground, Maybe from the desert, from the foot of the mountain, I’ll show up here one day
The devil of the country is in an un-buryable desert-cave.
Death does not blind to noble intentions, Whoever chases the enemy from his country, it is me…

In conclusion, the memory of our ancestors who sacrificed their lives for the freedom and peace of the country will always be alive. Their bravery, bravery and bravery in the way of the fate of the homeland is an example. It is difficult to express the great courage of our great grandfather in one word. Sultan Jalaluddin fought valiantly against the enemy while protecting his country. He heroically imprinted his image and his boundless love for the motherland in the history.

Reference list:

1. Juvaini of Otama. The history of the world. Translation by Nazarbek Rakhim. T: MUMTOZ SOZ, 2015. – 275 p.
2. Q. Masharipov. Jalaluddin Manguberdi’s role in world political and military history. Tashkent: Yoshlar media print, 2021. – 256 p.
   Internet networks:
3. Ziya.uz

Oh flower,
are you scared
from a temporary wind?
did you hide among the leaves?
didn't it fall down you
old walls?
Have you shed your leaves?
Did you keep your dreams alive?
Why are you still bowing your head?

The air smells like rain
Oh, flower
be afraid of mud!
from mud!

South Korean alphabet

The origin of the South Korean alphabet is phonetic syllabic writing. It was created in 1444 during the reign of King Se-Jong (1419-50) by Korean scholars Chon Nin Ji, Sin Suk Chu, Son Sam Mum. Until the first half of the 15th century, the Korean language used Chinese hieroglyphic writing. However, since Chinese was the literary language of Koreans during this period, the new national alphabet did not spread widely. By the end of the 19th century, hieroglyphic writing began to be used again in the Korean language. This writing alphabet represents 24 phonemes. Other phonemes are formed by adding letters. Current Korean writing has 40 graphemes, of which 24 are simple and 16 are complex. But the order of these graphemes is different in the DPRK and the Republic of Korea. Previously, texts were written from top to bottom and from right to left. Now more left-to-right writing is drawing components are written separately from top to bottom.

Like traditional Chinese and Japanese scripts, as well as many other East Asian texts, Korean texts were traditionally written from top to bottom, right to left, sometimes for stylistic purposes. However, Korean is now usually written from left to right, unlike Japanese and Chinese, where spaces act as separators between words. Hangul is the official writing system throughout North and South Korea. It is a cooperative official writing system of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and Changbai Korean Autonomous County in Jilin Province, China. Hangul has also seen limited use in the Cia-Cia language.

Work on fallacy and shortcomings in reading comprehension
                                                                                             
        Qosimjonova Zulayxo Baxrombek qizi 
        Uzbekistan State World   Languages   
        University  sophomore  year student.

Annotation: This study aims to investigate reading comprehension problems faced by students, school children or language learners. 

The study also examines student learning.
Keywords: READING, PROBLEMS, EFL, L1, EASY TEACHING METHODS, COMPREHENSION DEFICIENCIES.

Reading plays a crucial role in our life. It is an important part of everyday life without which life cannot be imagined this . Four language skills are used to learn English.Reading is the most important thing students should know.It helps students to familiarize themselves with their majors and subjects help to improve language skills.Reading is an interactive process in which the writer and the reader communicate through the text.

Reading is important because it is one of the most used language skills in everyday life.Internet usage. Students search for information on the Internet, and most of it is published in English. “As a skill It is clear that reading is one of the most important, in fact, in many cases around the world we read the most important foreign skill, especially when students have to study the material in English on their own. Many researchers have noticed that students' reading is very weak, especially in English texts. As a result, they still have reading comprehension difficulties. They also rely on word-for-word translation when reading English.

 According to Al Ma'ani, there are two main reasons why students' comprehension is low. 

When teaching reading, most EFL teachers assess students' word comprehension. Rather than teaching to understand sentences. Second, students' lack of study. That is, the reason is that they rarely read books in their normal life.

Comprehension strategies are also a major cause of students' poor comprehension skills. Taking into account the difficulties of studying a foreign language, especially cognitive, cultural and linguistic aspects, all EFL reading has been proven to be more difficult and complex than L1. To help students need help improving reading comprehension and solving reading comprehension problems.

Difficulties in reading comprehension. 
A reading disorder is a learning disorder that involves a significant impairment in reading accuracy, speed, or comprehension to the extent that the impairment interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living. People with learning disabilities perform well on reading tasks below what would be expected based on their general intelligence, educational capabilities, and physical health. A reading disorder is most often called dyslexia. Reading comprehension problems are lifelong problems that can seriously damage anyone's learning.

Common problems in people with learning disabilities include
-Slow reading speed. 
-Poor comprehension of material when reading aloud or aloud.
-Skipping words while reading. Confused words or letters while reading.They suffer from difficulty decoding syllables or single words and associating them with certain sounds.
-Difficulty in pronouncing or recognizing words is one of the biggest problems students face.
-Another manifestation of reading comprehension problems is difficulty reading aloud. Usually, people with these problems have difficulty understanding while studying and their interest in the task is reduced.

Problems with reading comprehension: Its basis should be the ability to understand what you are reading. Many learners avoid reading and writing due to lack of interest in reading. Difficulty understanding what you read is one of the main symptoms of the problem.
Most of these cases actually stem from a lack of self-confidence in the people who have the problem. Students with these problems find it difficult to read and write and become nervous.
It takes a lot of time to solve the main tasks. Especially, another sign of reading comprehension problems is an inability to perform basic tasks.

A problem that many EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners may face is not understanding the words in the text. 

Getting rid of reading comprehension problems. Although reading comprehension problems can be difficult to deal with, there are good strategies to help make them livable. In fact, working with professionals can often eliminate these problems almost entirely or turn them into minor problems.

This information can be used as a guide to the direction and style in which students interact with texts to improve their reading comprehension.There are several ways to overcome reading comprehension problems. For example, you can use the following methods as a solution to these problems.

Reconstruct meaning is repeat it and ask questions until you understand its meaning. Think about characters and events when reading fiction.They tend to summarize informational texts. Accepting learning as a productive process.Reading comprehension skills are important for students to become effective readers.
  
      References:
   1. CRE101 - College Critical Reading
           2. Tompkins, G. E. (2011). Literacy in the Early Grades: A Successful Start for Prek-4 Readers, (3rd ed.), Boston:  
Pearson.
       3. Cain, K. & Oakhill, J. (2011). Matthew Effects in Young Readers: Reading Comprehension and Reading Experience  aid Vocabulary Development.
       4. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 44(5): 431-443.
       5. Goodman, K. (1973). Analysis of reading miscues. In Smith, F. Psychologist andReading. New  
 
York: Rinhast and Winson. 
       6. Hartney, R. (2011). Investigating reading difficulties in English second language of Grade 3  learners in one primary school.
       7. Khomas education region of Namibia. (Unpublished  
 
master thesis). The University Of Namibia. 
       8. Hoover, W. & Gough, P.B. (1990). The simple view of reading. Reading and Writing, 2, 127- 
160.