The Light Reaching Out


Night shades
compressing into the corner windows


setting the scene
blurring of dreams


walls and ceilings
slow leaning inward


beyond the outside buildings
dimly lit


someone
quietly whistling


much has happened
much will continue


cancer webs hanging from the roofs
so many marked for the sting


political pillows given away freely
spider roots


the masses shadow banned
but more are beginning not to blink


open windows here and there
candle lights glowing in closets


a shot sounding
and the whistling snuffed


thoughts shrink
stillness overwhelming


but there's always some that break
loose


lips moving
prayers filling hollow ears


so many repeating
as when a child


the longness of centuries
giving a tune to the heart


silence
seized


light opening their windows
as the whistling resumes
stronger than ever before.

THE BIGGEST PROBLEMS AFFECTING THE YOUTH OF THE 21ST CENTURY 
  
 Abstract: The problem of unemployment is the biggest problem that afflicts the youth of Uzbekistan. About 700,000 young people are unemployed in Uzbekistan. This is 14.9 percent of all young people of Uzbekistan. This article also covers unemployment, which is one of the biggest problems that plagues young people in the 21st century. 

 Key words: Unemployment, research, jobs, economy, resources.  

 Employment of the population is an important factor in economic development and development of human potential. Ensuring employment of the population is a necessary condition for its reproduction. Because people's standard of living, the selection, training, retraining of personnel for economic sectors and branches, and their qualification improvement, employment, material and psychological support of the unemployed depend on the employment of the population. Therefore, the research of socio-economic and organizational aspects of ensuring the employment of the population is of special importance as a socio-economic problem of today. 

 Studies show that about 90% of the unemployed in the labor market feel the need for assistance in finding a decent job. Decent jobs are socially and economically desirable jobs that are interesting and affordable to workers. In order to have a decent job, the labor force must be more competitive in the labor market. As a result of the rational organization and modernization of production or management in the organization, there is a shortage of personnel. Internal labor market by timely change of workplace, retraining, suspension of admission to vacant positions, application of socially oriented selection to layoffs, reduction of personnel or planning of admission requires regulation. 

 Providing employment to the population is one of the most important aspects of human social development, and it reveals the ways to meet the problems related to labor issues and the supply and demand for labor. Employment is a socio-economic relationship in which people engage in socially beneficial work, regardless of where they work. The employment relationship is a socio-economic indicator that shows how many and to what extent able-bodied people participate in socially useful work. 

 The employment category of the population is not limited to only economic components. Employment is primarily a social relationship. Therefore, sociality as an eternal, directly occurring phenomenon is its main feature. 

 Since employment appears as a socio-economic phenomenon, it can be described as follows. Employment is an activity related to the satisfaction of personal and social needs of citizens, which does not conflict with legal documents, and which brings them salary or income.

REFERENCES 
 1. Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis on December 30, 2020. Folk word #276(7778). 
 2. 1. Abdurakhmanov Q.Kh. Labor economics: theory and practice. Textbook. 
 Revised and expanded 3rd edition. - T.: "FAN", 2019. - 592 p. 
 3. Economic progress report.- London. : 1981 
 4. Information of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan 2020.

Ergashev Bekzodbek was born on January 1, 2004 in Uchkurgan district of Namangan region. I spent 8 years of school at the Specialized Russian Gymnasium. But since I live in the Republic of Uzbekistan, knowing that I must learn my native language, I moved my school to an Uzbek school. I spent 11 years of school in 3 schools. In 2022, with 137.2 points in the DTM test, I was accepted to study at Namangan State University at the Faculty of Biology on the basis of a State Grant, but because I was so interested in medicine, my highest goal was the only one. By the Rector’s decision, 2022 was accepted for study without examination. In 2022, I won an honorable 2nd place among more than 5,000 students of more than 10 medical universities of Uzbekistan, more than 40 foreign universities, in the field of Medical Biology and General Genetics at the “Samarkand 2020 III International Medical University Olympiad” organized by the Samarkand State Medical Institute in 2022. In 2023, I took a proud 3.

“We must bring the issue of mental illness out into the sunlight, out of the shadow, out of the closet, deal with it, treat people, have centers where people can get the necessary help.” –John Lewis

“I Hear Something You Can’t Hear” Exploring the Subjective Experience of Mental Illness and Resiliency in “The Quiet Room”: A Book Review

by Jacques Fleury

[Originally published in Oddball Magazine & Fleury’s book You Are Enough: The Journey to Accepting Your Authentic Self]

Just Before the Darkness

Imagine a world where darkness swallows darkness and swallows more darkness. Picture a world of shadows and obscurity where dogs look like wolves and a world seemingly crumbling around you waiting to be rebuilt. The world of which I speak is that of Lori Schiller’s in her ghastly and chilling book “THE QUIET ROOM: A JOURNEY OUT OF THE TORMENTS OF MADNESS.”

The book details Lori’s gruesome tale of the illness experience of the disease of schizophrenia. The illness experience differs from the disease in that it focuses more on the day-to-day effects of the disease, how it permeates over all aspects of one’s life. By this I mean how it can affect family relationships, friendships, career and general interaction with the inner and outer world.

In the following article, I will focus on Lori’s resiliency and using aspects of the analogous theories of Carl Rogers, Alfred Adler and Carl Jung and existential ideologies to illustrate the point that in the midst of immense strife, how an individual manage to strive for purpose and meaning in their lives.

At the beginning of the book, Lori wrote “I hear something you can’t hear…” She went on to write about how in the brevity before the darkness, how bright and beautiful the world seemed.

She explained that during her seventieth year at summer camp, how “The Lake seemed more blue…the trees of the Catskill Mountains that tinged our camp took on a deeper green than I remembered….”

She goes on to say that she was “…overwhelmed by what life had to offer.” And that she “could not run fast enough, could not swim far enough, could not stay up late enough…”  She described herself as “…energetic…happy… bubbly [and] a friend to everyone.”

However, things soon changed for Lori. She mentioned a sense of doom “…settled around [her].” The camp that she once defined as beautiful became a thing of disgust, “…a thing of evil…” So began her tragic journey on the hard and often satanic and precarious road to mental health recovery. Lori stated that during one of her episodes, she did not sleep, stayed in her room and declined to go to class. She was engulfed in “…the blackness of [her] depression.”  

Lori’s father, Marvin Schiller, refused to accept the fact that she was gravely ill. Something very common in the afflicted persons themselves and their families as well. The issue of stigma is of course one of the major motivators in this scenario. Lori’s dad wrote, “I didn’t want my daughter to be stigmatized by some temporary rash act.” Mr. Shiller thought that it was his fault that Lori was sick.

He wrote that when he was studying psychology back in the 1950’s, the cause of mental illness was determined to be “…a faulty upbringing.” Of course, as he stated, there were other theories.

For example, the Freudian model which focused on the intrapersonal (within oneself) ideologies that the id, ego and superego were the root causes of everything. Carl Jung’s concepts of unconscious myths were also considered, but most of the population believed that “…early life experiences…were behind mental disorders” Marvin Schiller wrote.

Today most of us know the root causes of mental illness operates under a more holistic framework in that it has both a biological (nature) and environmental (nurture) origins. As Lori strived to survive her illness, some of her actions made it painfully obvious that she had a defiant need to transcend her “voices” or demons that threatened her very being. She struggles to grab some remnants of sanity in the midst of the insanity of her ailment. She felt that she was only a shadow of who she once was and thought that she would never return to a normal life again.

However, she was determined to keep trying. Resiliency is one of the core coping strategies people often use during intense periods of trauma and strife.

Hope and the Possibility for Ongoing Recovery

Lori has hoped for something more than just being given a raw deal in the diagnosis of a disease.

She foresaw a future decorated with options and opportunities. The following theories directly coincide with these innate needs and desires in the social context.

Unlike Freud, who focuses on the “intrapersonal” or “within oneself” concepts, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung and Carl Rogers all offer the more practical, I think, approach in looking at the individual in relation to a more “holistic” context of their lives, particularly Jung and Adler’s ideology involving spirituality which I will refer to later.

Adler proposes a “holistic wholeness” ideology. One of the major life tasks he purports is finding where one fits in society, which includes vocation, contribution and spirituality.

Jung proposes a similar concept of “individuation”. He describes it as “…developing wholeness through integrating all the various parts of the psyche. However, Yung “…ignored the negative, maladaptive side of human nature.” Nonetheless, in modern times, an increased interest in “human consciousness and human potential” has catapulted a resurrection of curiosity in Jung’s ideas.

Carl Rogers also makes a similar point in that he sees the individual as heading in the path of “…wholeness, integration, [essentially] and a unified life.” He believes that consciousness is engaging in the broader “…creative, formative tendency.” By this he means a “directional” or “actualizing tendency”, a tendency on the way to achievement, on the way to actualization that entails not only the preservation but also the improvement of the individual.

Lori made many repeated unsuccessful attempts to find and keep employment in her community. She persevered until she was able to stabilize and made small steps to getting back to the work force and feeling like a contributing member of her community and essentially her world.

She found some solace in the use of prayer. Both Jung and Adler promote the idea of “spirituality” as a way to mental health recovery, and I completely agree. I know that the power of prayer, patience and perseverance have helped many on the path of recovery from mental illness.  Existentialist ideations dictate “life is meaningless or meaningful as one experiences it.”

Furthermore, it defines “…regret in existentialist terms, is grief and loss over a life not lived. The best way to deal with …regret is to discover what is worth dying for is that is worth living for.” So by Lori risking her life to try the then new drug Clozapine, she decided to risk dying so that she could live a fruitful life. She found meaning in suffering in that it has broadened her perspectives and enhanced her as a human being. For some, 90% of recovery can be attributed to the integration of spirituality (i.e. activities in their communities) and 10% medicinal (drug therapy).  

In The Quiet Room, Lori Shiller wrote that her successful recovery process was due to the love and support that she received from family, friends and her general community; which have essentially put her on the track back from mental hell to mental health.

Jacques Fleury is a Haitian-American poet, author, educator and literary arts student at Harvard University online. His book “You Are Enough: The Journey to Accepting Your Authentic Self”  & other titles are available at public libraries, The Harvard Book Store, The Grolier Poetry Bookshop, Amazon etc…

MEDICINAL HELBA TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRAECUM-laboratory analysis of its plant seeds..

Mavlonova Madinabonu 
Student of Faculty of Natural Sciences 
of GULISTON STATE UNIVERSITY.

Abstract: Seed germination is the most important, which determines the suitability of seeds for sowing one of the important features is the thickness of the Bush number of the crop, the same plant and the growth and development of mold largely depends on the consistency.
Key Words: Laboratory planter, primary solubility, primary solubility, cultured plant, plantability, thermostat.

Introduction 
PQ-4901 of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated November 26, 2020-in the numerical decision, the cultivation and processing of medicinal herbs, their scientific research scale on the development of breeding yolga on measures to expand medicinal in the regions of the Republic unified scientific research into crop production and processing creating a base, studying the advanced scientific developments of foreign countries go, establish cooperation with leading scientific institutions, as well as modern introduction and availability of technologies, scientific developments to the Republic in order to strengthen the effective use of opportunities:

1. State committee of Forestry, Ministry of agriculture, innovation Ministry of Development, Ministry of Health and Academy of Sciences Center for the cultivation and processing of medicinal plants” healing" state institution under the State Committee of Forestry on the basis of scientific-developed cultivation and processing of medicinal plants in the form proposal to establish an exit center (next-A Center) approval.

֎ wild-growing medicinal plant areas on the territory of the Republic study and determination of reserves, preservation of the existing Bioresource gene pool, Organization of maternity plantations;

֎ cultivation and preparation of seed materials, reproduction, collector with the establishment of nurseries and the processing of their raw materials conducting related scientific and Applied Research; In this case, each institution disappears, including growing in a natural case storage of growing medicinal plants, hatching, their cultural creation of plantations, establishment of maternity fields and nurseries, development of technological maps on the cultivation of medicinal plants to develop scientifically based proposals and developments on attaches specialists. 

Main part
Our plant with different names in different state languages and dialects is Shamballa,helba,fenugreek. the scientific name is "Trigonella Foenum Graecum". Fenugreek has many medicinal purposes, such as stimulating lactation, stimulating appetite, in digestive disorders, anti-inflammatory, in the treatment of arthritis, as well as in the treatment of various wounds. 

Fenugreek is also very effective in treating diabetes, as two grams of powdered fenugreek has been shown to be equal to one unit of insulin. The reason is, fenugreek seeds contain zinc-related ß-chains that affect blood sugar levels. In addition, they contain amino acids and sulfuric acids, which stimulate the production of active penicillin in the pancreas, as noted by Dr. Abdul Bosit. These results he published in his valuable book "Natural herbs and the search for treatment in prophetic medicine". 

In his book, Dr. Abdual Basit assures that a diabetic patient suffers from a sulfur bond breakdown that binds ß-chains to produce an active insulin molecule. Giving sulfur in an organic form, such as fenugreek seed, increases the effectiveness of the pancreas, which is useful in the treatment of diabetes. Fenugreek seeds contain 29% proteins, 6% volatile and solid fats, as well as a high percentage of vitamins B1, B2, niacin, Pantonin, trigonelin and tri-methylamines. These substances greatly affect the signs of menstruation. 

Fenugreek also contains iron, phosphorus, several enzymes, hormones and other components such as gums. The healing value of these compounds increases when seeds germinate and buds appear. Through this process, proteins made up of several essential amino acids are broken down into acids, vitamins and hormones, which reproduce wonderfully in a humid environment.  

Fenugreek is an annual grass growing to 60 cm (20 inches) tall. The leaves are light green and consist of three leaves with toothed edges. The white flowers are produced singly or in pairs in April and may. After them, bean-like legumes 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) long consist of up to twenty small, grooved, yellowish-brown seeds. The leaves have nutrients rich in carotene , vitamin A , ascorbic acid , calcium and iron . The seeds consist of" protein, starch, sugar, mucus, minerals, volatile fats, solid fats, vitamins and enzymes". They smell like curry, but very spicy and contain coumarin oil. 

The seeds also contain diosgenin, which is used in the production of oral contraceptives. 
 
Uniqueness is the number of germinated seeds in the average sample taken, and the percentage is expressed in the score. From knowing the uniqueness, the goal is to form a Nichol that develops normally it consists in determining the number of seeds that have the ability.Germination of seeds, since laboratory conditions are convenient all the time it is always higher than in the field. Even so, in the laboratory of the seed the specified Unicity expresses the qualities of suitability for planting clearly enough. 

The germination of seeds is determined in thermostats. Before starting the taxile, you need to consider the uniqueness all the tool used in the transfer must be prepared all the equipment. Thermostat disinfected and cleaned every 10 days (in which 1 Part 40% formulin per 20 parts water) and the disinfected thermostat is hidden for 2 hours, then until the smell of formulin rises ventilated. Also used in the flooring are vannochka, separator, mirror, tweezers and others are also uninfected (before each taxil) and they are stored inside the berk thermostat. To determine the germination of seeds, they are planted in sand and filter paper. Seeds the sands used in planting are cleaned by sifting and rinsing in special sieves beforehand. 

To the indicators of the seed quality of the plant according to the rules: purity, it includes its uniqueness, viability, mass, moisture and damage by pests and diseases.  Each container planted in a flourish is attached to a label, in which the number of the sample is, also written is the day when the initial and main germination of the seed is determined. Seed planted containers are placed in thermostats and periodically soaked.The temperature in the thermostat is three times every day-in the morning, at lunchtime and in the evening the scale is recorded in a notebook. Temperature difference +2 from the set for the seed From 0S should not increase or decrease. Water 1.5-2.0 CM in a water tank below the thermostat be and the water in it is renewed every 3-5 days. 
  
  
1-Fig. Determination of seed germination of medicinal plant HELBA TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRAECUM 

The seeds showed distinctive physical characteristics, including the helba medicinal plant with a length of 4.57 mm, width 1.90 mm, thickness 1.76 mm, average arithmetic diameter 2.74 mm, average the geometric diameter is 2.47 mm, the weight of 1000 seeds is 14.77 g,the size is 22.745 mm. The 3rd dimension is 0.559, the surface area is 17.04 mm 2 and the aspect ratio is 42.06. From this in addition, the actual density of seeds is 921.33 kg / m ³, the mass density is 816.06 kg / m³, had a porosity of 11.43% and a bearing angle of 40.02°. 

Friction according to its properties, charota seeds are on plywood surfaces, then rubber, soft demonstrated high friction on steel and glass surfaces. In addition, charota the thermal properties of its seeds are 0.0663 W -1 .K -1 has a thermal conductivity of and Contains 0.00155 ° c CM / Vt resistance. Seed germination is 95%  it was discovered by examining it by picking it up in petri saucers in laboratory conditions.I.e. From the seeds of our Sano plant, which Pedri collected in our container, all gave a good result sprouted.So that we can determine the germination of seeds-the number of germinated seeds  we divide by the initial total number of seeds:
          b                95
X= ---------=    X ------------ =0.95
          a               100
a~total number of seeds
B~number of seeds germinated
X~seed germination

CONCLUSION
From the above laboratory taxa, the following can be concluded;

- the state of the seed material used for planting by quality marks must meet the standard requirements;

- germination of seeds, since laboratory conditions are convenient all the time it is always higher than in the field. Even so, in the laboratory of the seed the specified Unicity expresses the qualities of suitability for planting clearly enough.

-to determine the germination of seeds, they are planted in sand and filter paper. The sands used in sowing seeds are cleaned by sifting and rinsing in special sieves before.

- initial germination of seed (germination capacity) and basic germination each in one sample, the alloxide is determined. In this case, it is normal to determine the initial tensile seeds germinated in the carpet and rotted seed aloxida-aloxida counted and rotted seed removal condition.

REFERENCES:
1.O‘zDst 2823:2014. O‘zstandart agentligi. 29.04.2014 № 05-542
2. Маматожиев Ш. И. и др. ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА ПРОЦЕССЫ ХРАНЕНИЯ ЗЕРНА И НА ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КАЧЕСТВА //Universum: технические науки. – 2020. –№. 12-4 (81). – С. 75-78. 

3. Anvarjonovich D. Q., Ogli X. M. B. The effect of grain moisture on grain germination during grain storage //ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. – 2021. – Т. 11. – №. 5. – С. 418-42
4. Idrisov X., Matholiqov R., Xoliqov M. KUZGI BUG‘DOYDAN KEYIN EKILGAN MOSH NAVLARINING SIMBIOTIK FAOLIYATINI O’RGANISH //O'rta Osiyo ta'lim va innovatsiyalar jurnali. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. 2. – С. 51-56.

5. Маматожиев Ш. И. и др. ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА НОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПРИ ПРИЕМКЕ ЗЕРНА //Universum: технические науки. – 2020. – №. 12-2 (81). – С. 96-99.
6. Davronov Q. A., Xoliqov M. B. O. G. L. KUZGI BUG‘DOY NAVLARINI SAQLASH DAVRIDA URUG ‘LIK NAMLIGINI UNUVCHANLIGIGA TA’SIRINI O ‘RGANISH //Oriental renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences. – 2022. – Т. 2. –№. 10. – С. 1318-1325.

7. Idrisov X., Matholiqov R., Xoliqov M. SUG ‘ORILADIGAN O‘TLOQI BOTQOQ TUPROQLAR SHAROITIDA MOSH (PHASELUS AUREUS PIPER.) NING “NAVRO’Z” NAVI SIMBIOTIK FAOLIYATINI O’RGANISH //O'rta Osiyo ta'lim va innovatsiyalar jurnali. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. 1. – С. 5-10.
8. Idrisov X., Matholiqov R., Xoliqov M. MOSHNING “DURDONA VA NAVRO’Z” NAVLARI FOTOSINTETIK FAOLIYATIGA EKISH MUDDATI VA ME’YORINING TA’SIRINI O ‘RGANISH //O'rta Osiyo ta'lim va innovatsiyalar jurnali. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №.1. – С. 11-17. 

9. Odiljon o‘g‘li M. O. et al. Effects of Irrigation with Mineralized Waters on Plants and Soils //Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science. – 2022. – Т. 3. – №. 12. – С. 26-30.
10. Idrisov X., Matholiqov R., Xoliqov M. SOYA ZARARKUNANDALARI VA UYG‘UNLASHGAN KURASH CHORALARI //O'rta Osiyo ta'lim va innovatsiyalar jurnali. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. 2. – С. 64-72.

11. Bakhromjon o‘g‘li K. M. Treatment of Winter Wheat Seed Materials with Pesticides //Texas Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. – 2023. – Т. 14– С. 18-21.

                                            PIPEDREAMS

		
I dream of a landscape where greetings don’t flash fangs.
		
A family table where discussion is civil; folks listen—
		
don’t just wait to break in and berate those they hate.

		
I dream of a climate of inquiry; fair, open-minded,
		
where research is key, and critical thinking weighs facts.
		
Yes it’s a fantasy. Courtesy, tolerance, trust—

		
trampled to dust by the name-calling, self-righteous rants
		
of shock-jocks who rage about enemies, dangers from                      immigrants,
		
Muslims and Buddhists, gay couples, uppity women…

		
I dream of a land where the “great” days weren’t back in 

the ‘50’s,
		
and no one is trying to turn back the clock with grim laws—
		
rather, pursues equal rights, equal justice for all.

		
I dream.  Dream and hope. Harmony. Healing. I vote. 

		

A boy’s plea to a lost home

Bullets fed a young lad’s body when I hid myself under charred bones of my people, we could only see peace in the stories my grandmother told when sanity was still by her side, she could fiction reality into a charming tale. Even though she smelt like war and bullets, she still knitted her country’s anthem to her heart. This is not a tale of a patriotic woman who died as humus for the soil, but simply a plea to let a wandering soul lie peacefully at my backyard.

If only life was a song sang by mother when my father came back with his limbs complete and a head on his body with his uniform hung behind his bruised back . My family is a mindless holocaust of a barbaric nation who spells peace in the letters of protests.

 My father left with fear glued to his mind, he left a wife with fear of her husband coming back in letters he wrote to formalize his good-byes, my mother became a canvass of pain holding my father in myriads of memories.

When death hung under my throat; I could taste its stinging taste. Oh lord……., I beseech you, those words were strangers to my tongue. Who knew lord when I worshipped the bullets that dug holes in my body; I held tears in my heart not ready to flood this burning country. I’m still alive waiting to be burned by the flames of a lost country. So now tell me how to define a country with lost homes I lived in?

Fatima Abdulwahab is a 16 year old poet and essayist. Her hobbies are writing and also reading. She enjoys the company of her family and friends. She was long listed in the African writers award competition 2023 and also the winner of the Arts lounge magazine ( the greens we left behind edition).