When I think of ages past That have floated down the stream Of life and love and death, I feel how free it makes us To pass away.

Rabindranath Tagore

Welcome, readers, to September’s first issue: The Stream of Life, Love, and Death.

Sayani Mukherjee speaks to the weight of the world’s grief, of millions of lost loves over historical time.

Ibrahim Uthman draws on programming terms to comment on the loss of life in Gaza. Ahmed Miqdad quests for love and peace in Gaza, all in vain. Yucheng Tao bears witness to genocide in Cambodia through his evocative poem where memory and grief echo off the rocks and pages of history. In his piece, self-declared pure idealism leads only to death.

Eva Petropoulou Lianou addresses the issue of domestic violence. Christopher Bernard reflects on humanity’s continual state of conflict among different groups as Patricia Doyne excoriates tolerance for school shootings and immigration enforcement violence in the United States.

Alex Johnson speaks to the need for radical creativity as resistance to the forces of death and authoritarianism. Mary Bone captures moments of human and animal growth and creation. Jacques Fleury discusses the need for humans to coexist equitably with each other and with the wide diversity of natural creatures who share our planet.

Luis Cuauhtemoc Berriozabal speaks to energy, creativity, and the need to support young people. Xudoyqulova Shahzoda highlights Uzbekistan’s efforts to empower the young, the disabled, and women. Rayhona Sobirjonova expresses her gratitude for a caring teacher. John Sheirer’s short story depicts a boy learning a mixture of love and toughness from both a father and stepfather. Bill Tope presents the story of a mother determined to overcome obstacles and keep her family together. Muhammadjonova Muzayyana praises the love and care of her devoted mother. Judge Santiago Burdon’s video presents an ironically humorous tale of a man’s adult son coming out of the closet.

Otaboyeva Zuhra shares how education can transform a young woman’s life. Madina Furkatova highlights efforts to educate and empower young women in Uzbekistan. Muhammed Suhail reflects on the indispensable contributions of women to shaping the early days and teachings of Islam. Bhekisisa Mncube reviews Nthikeng Molele’s novel Breasts, etc, a feminist story of a group of women and a man who photographs them nude. Anna Keiko shares her determination to live out her calling as a poetess, in honor of the many female trailblazers throughout history.

Vazira Yuldosheva shares ways to heighten students’ communication competence. Boboqulova Durdona outlines ways to engage students in active learning. Sevinch Mukhammadiyeva talks up a student leadership conference she attended, “Office of the Future.” Panoyeva Jasmina O’tkirovna highlights advantages of blended classrooms and self-study combined with instruction. Nafosat Jovliyeva discusses roles for technology in language learning. Dilshoda Jurayeva urges students to learn and adopt self-discipline as a study tool. Janna Hossam discusses the problem of burnout in gifted children.

Abigail George speaks to finding and claiming beauty and selfhood in the face of mental illness. Tursunbayeva Shohida Baxtiyor traces the history of diagnostic methods in psychiatry. Ana Petrovic speaks to the confluence of forces and emotions rising up in the human psyche. Brian Barbeito journeys through real and surreal worlds to tend and befriend the different and the marginalized. Hua Ai speaks to the wildness still inherent in our feelings and encounters with urban nature. Joan McInerney draws on elegant nature metaphors to describe love and the transitory states of life. Mark Young speaks to growth and transformation in our bodies and the natural world. Anakha S.J. compares maintaining feelings of love to tending a flower. Mahbub Alam presents a joyful couple forgetting themselves among the beauty of nature and their blossoming romance. Jerome Berglund and Christina Chin’s tan-renga present an adorable take on modern relationships. Mesfakus Salahin’s extensive nature metaphors speak to the psychology of a lover.

Brian Barbeito reflects on a random capricious day with various encounters, positive and negative, with people and nature. Chimezie Ihekuna expresses cynicism about the hypocrisy inherent in many relationships, Raisa Anan Mustakin laments people’s growing isolation and separation from each other, and Alan Catlin processes work anxiety through dreams while out in pastoral greenery. Nageh Ahmed evokes feelings of both love and loneliness under the moonlight as Wazed Abdullah finds inner peace in lunar light. Mykyta Ryzhykh evokes efforts of love in the face of the loss of innocence. Duane Vorhees speaks to the vulnerability and unpredictability inherent in love.

Vohidova Ruxshona discusses the internal composition of Saturn and the wonder of the far-off universe. Don Bormon expresses his fascination with a constantly changing cloudy sky. Abdurrahim Is’haq’s artwork of a door shrouded in shadow and sunlight evokes mystery and wonder.

Abdulboqiyev Muhammadali turns to medicine as a subject, sharing some of the warning signs of a stroke. Eshmurodova Sevinch discusses how modern financial technology can improve the functioning of global economic systems.

Mathematics is also part of our physical universe, and Mamadaliyeva Durdona shares methods for solving systems of linear equations. Mardonova Marjona finds the beauty in each season, in change, as David Sapp revels in “relentless” natural elegance. Nikhita Nithin sways with the wind during a neighborhood festival. Nilufar Mo’ydinova offers suggestions on how to live sustainably with nature, suggesting improved environmental practices for the publishing industry.

Sushant Thapa writes of finding happiness wherever he can in life as Stephen Jarrell Williams enjoys a tender moment with his wife and Mahbub Alam loses himself in the joy of nature and love. Maja Milojkovic speaks to a transcendent love, present even when the couple is apart, echoed in endless mirrorings on water’s surface. Summer Kim takes joy in transitory childhood moments and memories. Su Yun’s Chinese bilingual elementary students write joyfully about nature and play. Sharifova Saidaxon reminisces about her happy childhood as Xo’jamiyorova Gulmira remembers her elementary school days and classmates.

Dilnoza Bekmurodova reflects on how she will always hear the unmistakable call of her home. O’g’iloy Bunyodbekovna Muhammadjonova sings the praises of her radiant Uzbek homeland. Maftuna Rustamova finds comfort and peace in her heritage as Ozodbek Narzullayev joins in the reflections on Uzbekistan. Maxmudjonova Begoyim considers the weight and grace of her Turkish heritage as Dr. Priyanka Neogi shares a poetically beautiful tale of the Indian flag. Eva Petropoulou interviews Greek sculptor and painter Konstantinos Fais, who is examining the myth of Hercules to revive classical civic virtue for modern Greeks.

Uzbekistan’s writers go beyond heritage to relate how the nation is currently a source of pride, as Jumaniyozova Nazokat discusses the potential for wellness tourism in Uzbekistan. Madinabonu Mamatxonova describes rapid Uzbek economic growth driven by entrepreneurship. Xurshida Abdisattorova highlights the accomplishments of an Uzbek mixed martial arts coach. Meanwhile, Shahnoza Ochildiyeva outlines what Central Asian countries, and the rest of the world, can learn from Finland.

J.J. Campbell explores different sides of memories: nostalgia, loss and mourning, and the quest to separate oneself from toxic or false aspects of the past. Brooks Lindberg laments the death of glaciers through a poem that grants nature a measure of agency even in melting. Jake Cosmos Aller reflects on historical revision at the Smithsonian Museum.

Grzegorz Wroblewski’s fresh installment of asemic poems evoke the aesthetic of language as a part of human culture. Ken Gosse’s ars poetica defends the power of rhyme and meter in a world of free verse. Graciela Noemi Villaverde celebrates the mysterious and poetic works of Jorge Luis Borges. Dr. Jernail S. Anand argues for the primacy of literature as a study and discipline to help us return to our humanity as Mirta Liliana Ramirez does something similar, depicting dance as an act of love to add beauty to life.

Michael Robinson shares, in his final piece after ten years of writing for Synchronized Chaos Magazine, the family and sanctuary he has found through his faith.

Susie Gharib draws on historical mythology to explore our place in the world and our vulnerabilities as humans. Patrick Sweeney’s tiny vignettes capture distinct moments in human life: wonder, confusion, humor, or just us pondering being alive. Taylor Dibbert relates the paradox of what happens when we care too much – or too little – about money. Santiago Burdon explores human nature in his tale of a chance encounter on an airplane.

Finally, Sarvinoz Orifova reflects on the nature of hope and the power of holding on to it during challenging times.

Christina Chin (plain) 

Jerome Berglund (italic) 

Ringtones

my universe 

in his shirt pocket 

heartbeats

consistently 

inconsistent   

phonetic bliss 

he mispronounces 

croissant

a word 

in edgewise

our favourite spot

now it’s just a word 

for love

afterhours 

club 

bonus of a playful twist 

our shared notes app

is just “honey” 

welcoming new deity

to the household 

and honey I forgot

love as digital-age 

sweetness

ripples from the 

central fountain 

Annotation: This article examines the role of technology in modern language learning. It highlights how digital tools such as online dictionaries, mobile apps, and artificial intelligence-based systems are changing the process of acquiring new languages. The research also discusses both the advantages and challenges of using technology in linguistics education. Examples from real-life practices are presented to support the arguments.

Keywords: language learning,technology, linguistics, digital tools, education,efficient,translate,learners,skills,multilingualism,artificial intelligence,globalization.

Introduction :In the 21st century, technology has become an inseparable part of education, especially in the field of linguistics. Traditional language learning methods such as memorization, grammar-focused drills, and classroom-based lessons are now being supplemented—or even replaced—by digital resources. The integration of technology into language learning is not simply a trend; it is a necessity brought about by globalization and the demand for multilingual competence. Unlike in the past, when learners relied heavily on textbooks and teacher-led instruction, today’s students can practice listening through podcasts, improve speaking skills with interactive applications, and enhance vocabulary with online flashcards. For example, instead of repeating words mechanically, learners now use applications like Quizlet or Anki, which apply spaced repetition algorithms to ensure long-term retention of vocabulary. This represents a significant shift from passive memorization to active, technology-supported engagement.Furthermore, the integration of technology into language learning is not simply a trend but rather a global necessity. Globalization has created an environment where multilingual competence is increasingly required. Students are expected not only to know foreign languages but also to use them effectively in international communication, business, and academia. Technology makes this goal more achievable by connecting learners with authentic resources and native speakers across the globe. For instance, video conferencing platforms such Zoom or Microsoft Teams allow language learners to attend virtual classes taught by instructors thousands of miles away.Another key factor is personalization. Traditional classrooms often adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach, but digital platforms use adaptive learning systems to tailor content according to the learner’s level and progress. Artificial intelligence-driven tools, such as language chatbots or pronunciation analyzers, provide instant feedback, something that is difficult to achieve in a crowded classroom.Ultimately, technology has redefined the boundaries of language learning. It no longer occurs solely within the four walls of a classroom but extends to every part of a learner’s daily life—through mobile apps, online communities, and digital immersion environments. This combination of accessibility, flexibility, and global connectivity makes technology not just an addition to traditional methods but an essential pillar of modern linguistics education. The integration of technology into language learning is not merely a passing trend but rather a global necessity. In a world where communication transcends borders, the ability to master multiple languages is highly valued in business, education, and international relations. Technology plays a crucial role in bridging this gap.For example, digital platforms such as Duolingo, Memrise, and Busuu provide learners with opportunities to study languages interactively at their own pace. These tools adapt to individual progress and offer personalized learning experiences, something that traditional classrooms often struggle to achieve. The accessibility of these resources also ensures that people from different socio-economic backgrounds can learn languages without the barriers of cost or geography.

The Relevance of the Topic:The importance of technology in language learning lies in its ability to provide access, flexibility, and efficiency. Unlike traditional methods, learners today have opportunities to practice language skills anytime and anywhere. Mobile applications like Duolingo and Memrise allow learners to study vocabulary and grammar interactively. Online platforms such as Coursera or edX provide language courses taught by native speakers from across the globe.Another key aspect of relevance is the impact of artificial intelligence (AI). For example, AI-powered chatbots can simulate conversations, helping learners improve speaking and listening skills without fear of making mistakes. This demonstrates how technology not only supports but also motivates learners.Analysis with Examples

§ 

Ø Online Dictionaries and Translators

Digital dictionaries such as Oxford Online or Cambridge Dictionary give instant access to word meanings, pronunciations, and examples. Tools like GoogleTranslate provide immediate translation, though not always perfect, making them practical aids for beginners.

Ø Mobile Learning Apps

Applications such as Duolingo and Babbel turn language learning into a game-like experience. For example, Duolingo rewards learners with points and badges, which increases motivation. Research shows that learners using mobile apps practice more consistently than those relying solely on textbooks. Access to Authentic Materials.Learners can watch films, listen to podcasts, and read articles in their target language. For instance, a student studying English can follow international news through the BBC Learning English platform, which combines real-world news with structured language learning exercises.

Ø  Social Media and Online Communication

Social platforms like Facebook groups, Reddit communities, or language exchange apps (HelloTalk, Tandem) enable learners to communicate with native speakers. This offers real-life practice opportunities that traditional classrooms often lack. Interactive Communication:Virtual platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Tandem connect learners with teachers and native speakers worldwide. Unlike in traditional classrooms where interaction is limited to classmates, these tools allow real-time cross-cultural communication.

Ø  Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Assistants

Voice assistants like Siri, Alexa, or Google Assistant can be used to practice pronunciation and everyday conversation. AI systems analyze the learner’s speech, detect mistakes, and suggest improvements. For example, ChatGPT itself can be a tool for practicing different aspects of language learning. Adaptive Learning and Personalization: Artificial intelligence-powered applications adjust lessons based on the learner’s strengths and weaknesses. For example, pronunciation apps like Elsa Speak use speech recognition technology to provide immediate feedback, helping learners achieve near-native accuracy in speaking.

Advantages and challenges 

v Accessibility: learning anytime, anywhere

v Motivation: interactive and game-based tasks

v Personalization: adaptive learning systems adjust to learner’s level

v Exposure: direct communication with native speakers

v Overreliance on technology can reduce traditional study discipline

v Not all online content is reliable or accurate

v Learners may face digital distraction instead of focused study

v Some students lack stable internet or devices

 Importance of Technology in Linguistics: From a broader perspective, technology enhances not only language acquisition but also linguistic research. Linguists use digital corpora to analyze language patterns, study dialects, and explore sociolinguistic trends. Speech recognition and natural language processing (NLP) tools also contribute to advancements in translation, language preservation, and artificial intelligence.For example, endangered languages can now be recorded, digitized, and shared globally. This ensures that they are preserved for future generations and made accessible for study. Similarly, online collaboration platforms allow linguists from different countries to work together on projects without geographical limitations.

    Conclusion

Technology has redefined the boundaries of language learning and research in linguistics. It offers accessibility, personalization, and global connectivity, which traditional classrooms cannot fully provide. Far from being a simple supplement, technology has become an essential pillar in modern education. By embracing digital tools, linguistics not only adapts to the demands of globalization but also empowers individuals to communicate effectively across cultures and societies.

The future of linguistics lies in the synergy between human expertise and technological innovation. As artificial intelligence and digital platforms continue to advance, language learning will become more efficient, inclusive, and interconnected than ever before.

References

1. BBC. (2025). BBC Learning English. https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish

2. Busuu. (2025). Busuu Language Learning App. https://www.busuu.coom 

3. Duolingo. (2025). Duolingo. https://www.duolingo.com 

4. Elsa Corp. (2025). Elsa Speak. https://elsaspeak.coom.

5. Godwin-Jones, R. (2018). Emerging technologies: Language learning and technology. Language Learning & Technology, 22(3), 2–11.

6. Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2020). Mobile-assisted language learning. Routledge.

7. Memrise. (2025). Memrise App. https://www.memrise.com 

8. Warschauer, M., & Kern, R. (2000). Network-based language teaching: Concepts and practice. Cambridge University Press.

BBC Learning English (https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/) BBC Learning English – Learn English with BBC Learning English – Homepage

About BBC Learning English

Annotation

This article discusses the attention and opportunities directed by our state towards women, young people with disabilities, and socially vulnerable groups of the population so that the youth of our society can grow up as healthy, educated, hardworking, and independent-minded individuals.

Key words: Society, youth, neighborhood, state, gender equality, power, women, leader.

Today, young people have become a significant part of society who form state authority, influence the internal and external policies of the country, and actively participate in its activities. The role of youth in the relations between the state and society is noticeably increasing. In Uzbekistan as well, this indicator is steadily growing.

The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, emphasized:
“We will continue the state policy regarding youth firmly and consistently. Moreover, we will not only continue but also raise this policy to the highest level as one of our most important priorities, in line with modern requirements. For our youth to become independent thinkers, with high intellectual and spiritual potential, who are not inferior to their peers in any field worldwide, and to live happily — our state and society will mobilize all their strength and opportunities.”
[Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Together We Will Build a Free, Prosperous and Democratic Uzbekistan. Tashkent: “Uzbekistan,” 2016, p.14].

This is one of the greatest examples of the attention given to youth.

Since the future, development, and progress of countries are in the hands of young people, it is important to note the international concepts and terms regarding youth. Each country sets its own age limits for youth. For example, in the USA and Japan, people aged 13–14 up to 29–30 are considered youth; in Bulgaria, 15 to 29; in Russia, 15 to 30; in Germany, “younger youth” are 14–18 and “older youth” are 18–27. According to Article 3 of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On State Youth Policy,” citizens from the age of 14 up to 30 are classified as youth [http://blog.xabar.uz/post/yoshlar-orasida-huquqiy-savodxonlikni-oshirishda-huquqiy-ta-lim].

This shows that a large portion of the population of Uzbekistan consists of youth. It is therefore necessary to focus on the opportunities provided to them.

In Uzbekistan, various opportunities are being created to enhance the role of youth and raise them as important figures for the future of the state. For instance, democratic reforms were introduced into the management system of neighborhood institutions. New management mechanisms were created, a vertical system for working with youth was established, and problems of young people are now addressed directly within neighborhoods. In order to increase the efficiency of educational and upbringing activities, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Measures for the Fundamental Improvement of the System of Working with Youth in Neighborhoods” (PQ-92, January 19, 2022) was adopted [https://lex.uz/uz/docs/-5831865].

According to this decree, the position of “Youth Leader” was introduced in every neighborhood. Databases such as the “Youth Balance,” “Youth Register,” and the “Youth Portal” were established, with responsibilities assigned to youth leaders. Material assistance, housing subsidies, partial coverage of tuition fees, and support for vocational training and driver’s courses are also being provided.

A significant part of these opportunities is allocated to women. By the Presidential Decree “On Measures to Further Accelerate Systematic Support for Families and Women” (PF-87, March 7, 2022) [https://lex.uz/docs/-5899498], systematic reforms are being carried out to protect women’s rights and interests, increase their social, political, and economic activity, ensure gender equality, and engage women in entrepreneurship.

In the field of education, many opportunities are being created. For example, socially active youth receive privileges when applying to universities. A Presidential grant is awarded to the top 200 students with the highest entrance exam scores. Students studying under contracts are provided with education loans, and for active students or those who have completed military service, 35% of their tuition is reimbursed. The introduction of the “Youth Register” has also raised youth policy to a new stage [https://pm.gov.uz/oz/lists/view/2117].

As a result, thousands of unemployed youth in need of social, psychological, and economic support have been registered and provided with targeted assistance.

The First President of Uzbekistan, Islam Karimov, stated:
“The future of our Motherland, the destiny of our people, and the reputation of our country in the world community, first of all, depends on how our children will grow up, what kind of people they will become, and how they will enter life. We must never forget this truth.”
[Karimov I. High Spirituality is an Invincible Power. Tashkent: “Ma’naviyat,” 2008].

This means that it is essential to teach young people how to find their place in life and make effective use of the opportunities available to them.

Attention is also given to youth with disabilities. According to the Presidential Decree (PQ-74, February 27, 2023) [https://www.lex.uz/docs/6391378], individuals with disabilities and their caregivers are granted priority in receiving state services, as well as strengthened legal guarantees and legal support.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev has noted:
“Building a New Uzbekistan is not just a desire or a subjective phenomenon, but an objective necessity based on historical foundations, current political, legal, socio-economic, and spiritual realities, and the age-old aspirations of our people. The driving force of our reforms is the knowledge, abilities, and potential of our citizens.”
[Mirziyoyev Sh. The Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan. Tashkent: “Uzbekistan,” 2022].

Conclusion

Indeed, the opportunities and attention provided to youth serve as the strongest motivator for us to move forward. If every young person knows how to properly use these opportunities, they will undoubtedly grow into specialists who contribute greatly to the prosperity of our country.

The expansion of educational institutions such as “Presidential Schools,” “Creative Schools,” and “Temurbek Schools” demonstrates the country’s commitment to raising competitive personnel. Youth are also being supported to start businesses through loans, provided with professional training, and ensured employment.

Great importance is also attached to sports, as our compatriots proudly raise the flag of Uzbekistan at international competitions. Special attention is paid to youth with disabilities, who also achieve remarkable success as athletes, artists, teachers, businessmen, and political leaders.

Thus, it is clear that opportunities in Uzbekistan are balanced for all citizens, regardless of whether they are healthy or disabled. This gives us, the youth, great pride and motivation.

The continuous reforms and conditions created for us inspire satisfaction and confidence in our future, ensuring that Uzbekistan develops into a prosperous state with educated, skilled, and active youth.

References

1. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Together We Will Build a Free, Prosperous and Democratic Uzbekistan. Tashkent: “Uzbekistan,” 2016.
2. Karimov I. High Spirituality is an Invincible Power. Tashkent: “Ma’naviyat,” 2008.
3. Mirziyoyev Sh. The Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan. Tashkent: “Uzbekistan,” 2022.
4. http://blog.xabar.uz/post/yoshlar-orasida-huquqiy-savodxonlikni-oshirishda-huquqiy-ta-lim
5. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PQ-92, January 19, 2022. https://lex.uz/uz/docs/-5831865
6. On Improving the System of Working with Youth in Neighborhoods. http://lex.uz/uz/docs/-5831865
7. Presidential Decree PF-87, March 7, 2022. https://lex.uz/docs/-5899498
8. Youth of New Uzbekistan: Opportunities and Prospects. https://pm.gov.uz/oz/lists/view/2117
9. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PQ-74, February 27, 2023. https://www.lex.uz/docs/6391378

Financial Technologies (FinTech) as an Innovative Solution in the Banking System

      Abstract: This article discusses the concept of financial technologies (FinTech), their application in the banking system, advantages, and existing challenges. Furthermore, it analyzes the role of FinTech in modernizing banking services, improving customer satisfaction, and ensuring competitiveness.

      Keywords: FinTech, banking system, digital economy, financial services, innovation.

      Introduction

      In recent years, the financial services sector has been developing rapidly worldwide. At the center of this transformation lies financial technologies, commonly known as FinTech. FinTech refers to the wide application of modern information technologies in providing financial services. Internet banking, mobile applications, electronic payment systems, cryptocurrencies, and blockchain technologies have taken financial systems to a new level. The banking sector of Uzbekistan is also part of this global trend. In recent years, electronic payment systems have developed significantly, and mobile banking has been actively introduced. This process, on one hand, creates convenience for customers, and on the other hand, enhances the competitiveness of banks.

      Main Part

      The integration of financial technologies into the banking system provides several key advantages:

1. Speed and convenience. Customers can use banking services without leaving their homes. Mobile banking allows them to make payments, monitor accounts, and apply for loans quickly and easily.

2. Cost reduction. Instead of expanding physical branches, banks can enlarge their customer base through digital services. This ensures efficiency for both banks and clients.

3. Security. Payment systems based on blockchain technology reduce the risks of fraud and data manipulation.

4. New products and services. FinTech enables banks to introduce innovative services, such as instant microloans, online investment platforms, and working with crypto-assets.

5. Expansion of customer base. Digital services attract younger and more tech-oriented customers, thereby enhancing financial inclusion. Despite these advantages, FinTech development faces certain challenges. Cybersecurity threats, legal gaps, and insufficient digital literacy among certain groups of the population may hinder its progress. Therefore, banks should not only implement technological innovations but also pay attention to raising customers’ digital awareness.

      Conclusion 

      In conclusion, financial technologies (FinTech) are among the key factors shaping the future of the banking sector. They simplify and accelerate financial services while creating opportunities for innovative development. In Uzbekistan, the active implementation of FinTech will allow banks to provide high-quality services, increase accessibility of financial services, and strengthen the competitiveness of the national economy.

      References

1. Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckley, R. P. (2016). The Evolution of Fintech: A New Post-Crisis Paradigm? Georgetown Journal of International Law, 47(4), 1271–1319.

2. Philippon, T. (2016). The FinTech Opportunity. NBER Working Paper No. 22476, National Bureau of Economic Research.

3. Gomber, P., Kauffman, R. J., Parker, C., & Weber, B. W. (2018). On the Fintech Revolution: Interpreting the Forces of Innovation, Disruption, and Transformation in Financial Services. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(1), 220–265.

4. Zavolokina, L., Dolata, M., & Schwabe, G. (2016). FinTech – What’s in a Name? Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2016), Dublin.

I am Eshmurodova Sevinch Bahrom qizi, born in 2006 in the Kamashi district of the Kashkadarya region. Between 2022 and 2024, I studied at the Academic Lyceum of Karshi State University in the “exact sciences” department and successfully graduated. In 2024, I was admitted to Karshi State Technical University and am currently a 1st-year student at the Faculty of Economics and Management, Banking Department. In my free time, I play sports. I am a 3-time champion of Uzbekistan. I have also taken the honorable 1st place in Tashkent several times. In addition, I have won the Rector’s Cup several times. Currently, I am running an online business at home. I make tiaras for girls. I take an online course in Turkish. My goal is to open a training center in the area where I live, in agreement with the governor.  I would like to pay special attention to Turkish, Russian, mathematics, and robotics.

Throughout history, there are figures that never fade with time. Figures that, even if born from mythical imagination or ancient philosophical thought, continue to inspire, challenge, and teach. One such figure is Heracles – a hero who didn’t just accomplish twelve labors, but who shaped an entire cultural and ethical worldview across the centuries.

With deep emotion and admiration, Eviasmile today hosts an interview that unfolds Heracles not as a mere myth, but as a multifaceted phenomenon: historical, ethnological, philosophical, artistic, and profoundly human. The artist and researcher Konstantinos Fais, through his visual creations and in-depth study, guides us into the fascinating world of Heracles – from ancient Erytheia to Euboea and the Lichadonisia – proving that this hero is more modern and relevant than ever.

1. I came to know you through Mrs. Eva Petropoulou-Lianou, with whom I’ve been collaborating for the past year. Upon discovering your work, I was deeply moved and thought to engage in an interesting conversation about the Path of Heracles. How did your involvement with Heracles begin?

First of all, I must mention that Mrs. Petropoulou-Lianou is a calm yet powerful force in the realm of culture. Despite her cultural and humanitarian actions evolving on a global scale, she chooses to avoid showiness and unnecessary spectacle.

As for Heracles, although I was fascinated by his myth since childhood, my intensive engagement with the hero began about eight years ago, when I decided to delve into highlighting primarily Greek and broader Mediterranean culture through visual art. A thorough study of Greco-Roman literature – essential for understanding Heracles – introduced me to incredible dimensions of the myth that geographically extend beyond Hellenism, even as it developed during the Second Major Greek Colonization of the Archaic period.

The myth’s excellence became strikingly apparent and admittedly captivated me. Heracles not only survived the fall of the Greek world with the rise of the Roman Empire, but became a symbol of strength and bravery, a tool of political symbolism, and an archetype embraced by emperors. Leaders and entire dynasties in the ancient world claimed descent from him – for example, Leonidas of Sparta was considered his 20th descendant, Alexander the Great his 27th, along with Pyrrhus I of Epirus and Fabius Maximus.

From the fall of the Roman Empire through the Byzantine period, the Renaissance, and the Enlightenment, Heracles of Thebes retains his status as a paragon of chivalry, arriving in our times with undiminished prestige…in such a way that all other heroes pale in comparison.

2. According to your research, do you believe this hero really existed? What can we learn from his mythology and how can it influence modern life?

First, allow me to congratulate you on your bold and deeply thoughtful question. It’s my belief that this most dazzling chapter of Greek Mythology and of Hellenism as a whole contains a strong historical core.

It may be that the myth was inspired by a prominent Greek figure from the Bronze Age, or a succession of notable individuals whose deeds merged into a unified mythological narrative. The ethnological approach, based on Greek and Roman sources starting with Herodorus of Pontus, suggests that there were at least seven mythical figures named Heracles – and the Roman scholar Varro mentions 43! Roman author Mavrus Servius Honoratus notes that even before the Roman Empire, any man of immense strength was dubbed “Heracles” by the Romans.

Of course, there’s also the contrasting theory that the myth is a purely philosophical construct, its interpretation shifting with the times and the author. Regardless, the knowledge and values transmitted through the myth – from archaic and classical antiquity to modern life – constitute undeniable cultural and moral wealth.

The truth is that Heracles’ myth is transformed throughout recorded history: from Homer’s “performer of great deeds,” to the “king of empires from East to West” in Dio Chrysostom, and then to the “benefactor of the people” in John Tzetzes of the 12th century AD. His character evolves fascinatingly.

Consider the myth’s wide reach in the ancient world – from the island of Erytheia west of Tartessos to the Aornis Rock in Asia, from the Hyperboreans to Ethiopia – people everywhere told of his exploits. As for what he teaches us: to purify our soul and follow the path of Virtue requires constant struggle and sacrifice, regardless of origin or status.

Despite his many epic feats, if I were to choose one defining moment of his life, it would be the famous allegory by the sophist Prodicus – the crossroad where Heracles must choose between Virtue and Vice, ultimately choosing Virtue. As Pythagoras also said, it is the difficult tasks that lead to virtue, not the pleasant ones. He called virtue “the law of the gods” and great-heartedness, prudence, and bravery “strong anchors.”

3. In exploring the etymology of the name “Heracles,” I found that it means “the glory of Hera.” But according to mythology, he was pursued by the goddess Hera. How do we reconcile this?

First, it’s worth noting that Heracles was also descended from Perseus and Alcaeus, which is why he was initially called Alcaeus or Alcides, after that ancestor. Mythological accounts differ by era, region, and author.

The version you refer to is explained as follows: Hera, to punish Zeus’s infidelity, sent two snakes to kill the infant Heracles. I’m fond of the astronomical detail from Theocritus of Syracuse, who wrote that “on the night the Bear [Ursa Major] tilted westward, two snakes with sparkling eyes, dark venom, and terrible fangs charged at Heracles.” Yet the baby strangled them with ease and, when Amphitryon entered the room in a panic, Heracles joyfully tossed the dead serpents at his foster father’s feet.

Another “earthly” version from Pherecydes of Athens claims it was Amphitryon himself who placed the snakes in the cradle to see which child was his own. When the people of Argos learned what had happened, they gave the boy the name “Heracles” – meaning he earned glory (kleos) because of Hera.

Another version: after Hera drove him mad, causing him to kill his own family, Heracles sought purification at the Oracle of Delphi. There, the Pythia gave him the name Heracles – “he who glorifies Hera” – as a form of spiritual redemption.

If we set aside Hera, there are other theories. Diodorus Siculus says the Heracles of Zeus and Alcmene – “the third and final one, who lived just before the Trojan War” – inherited the name from two earlier figures: the Cretan Idaean Heracles and an Egyptian Heracles. Because he lived a similar life to theirs, it was believed that “through all the ages, there was only one Heracles.” This is part of what we call the “ethnological prism” of Heracles.

Lastly, the philosopher Porphyry wrote in On Statues that Heracles was a name for the Sun, from klasthai pros ton aera – “to move toward the air,” symbolizing the sun’s journey from east to west, which purifies the Earth of evil. Thus, the twelve labors were linked mythologically to the zodiac cycle.

And regarding Hera’s jealousy: ironically, it was her milk that made Heracles immortal and created the Milky Way. This strange twist, as Diodorus puts it, shows how his birth mother abandoned him out of fear, while the source of his fear – his stepmother – unwittingly gave him divine nourishment.

4. I’ve volunteered for over nine years supporting people with disabilities. Could you share a bit about your artwork and your collaboration with the Lighthouse for the Blind?

Allow me once again to express my sincere admiration for your work. That collaboration was a unique and truly profound experience for me. It’s a real challenge for a visual artist to create for those with visual impairments, as sight is a primary mode of receiving information.

I had to carefully select the appropriate artistic pieces to fulfill this goal. We raised the bar for knowledge through Art and ancient literature because inclusion is a social imperative without boundaries. The first piece adapted into tactile format through the pioneering PIAF method was a portrait of Heracles.

5. Through your artistic perspective, can we find the path of Virtue that Heracles followed?

Regarding my art, I can confidently say that it is an effort to highlight our sacred and ancient heritage through each work – the result not only of long-term research but also of selfless love for our heroic and genealogical lineage.

From our modern elders to the ancients, our legacy is unified, and I believe we must respect it and build our future upon its timeless teachings. That said, distancing myself from narrow ideologies or opportunism, I believe it is up to each person to interpret visual stimuli in ways that serve both personal and collective good.

Greed, excess, and superficial modern lifestyles have caused spiritual atrophy in humanity – what Periander once called a “burdensome inheritance.” As Thucydides said, “Without courage, no art holds power over danger.” Food for thought…

6. On your social media, I noticed some of your works have been animated through AI. Can you tell me more about that?

Yes, depending on the context, I was initially hesitant – even skeptical – about artificial intelligence. But I eventually gave in to curiosity and experimented a bit. I must admit, I was impressed with the results.

However, as an artist rooted in classical and Hellenistic styles, I’ll approach this realm with great caution. We “old-school” researchers and artists still say nothing compares to the “smell of paper.” I’m in favor of progress, of course – but with respect for our roots and ethical framework.

7. While writing this interview, I thought schools could organize activities to help students learn about Heracles and draw life lessons from him. What do you think of this idea?

It’s an excellent idea – the real question is whether the authorities are willing to implement it with maturity and vision, as the greatest hero deserves. If we continue to treat Greek mythology – and Heracles in particular – merely as bedtime stories, there’s little hope for serious progress.

Heracles is an epic saga that’s been burning bright for 3,000 years. Interpreting his myth requires a multidimensional approach, and to incorporate it into education effectively demands thoughtful planning.

It should begin with simple storytelling at the early stages, then gradually delve into primary sources and the myth’s historical evolution – from Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, to the 19th-century comparative theories and 20th-century psychoanalytical and structuralist interpretations.

Higher education institutions should also take this more seriously. As far as I know, that’s not yet happening. For any such attempt to bear fruit, wisdom and care are essential.

8. Before we conclude this wonderful discussion, is there a final message you’d like to share with Eviasmile readers?

This truly was a beautiful discussion. I’d like to share a myth related to your island. Beyond Heracles’ connection to the healing springs of Aidipsos, tradition tells us that after he conquered Oechalia and took Iole, the daughter of the city’s king, they went to Euboea – to Cape Cenaeum – where he built an altar to Cenaean Zeus.

To offer a sacrifice, he sent a herald, Lichas, to nearby Trachis to bring him his ceremonial robe. However, Lichas revealed the whole affair to Heracles’ wife, Deianira, who, overcome with jealousy, gave him the tunic soaked with Nessus’ blood.

Heracles wore it to perform the sacrifice, but the poison seeped into his flesh, causing it to rot. In pain and rage, he hurled Lichas into the Euboean Sea. From the fragments of Lichas’ body, the Lichadonisia islands were said to be formed.

The Italian sculptor Antonio Canova immortalized this scene with a technique equal to Hellenistic sculpture over 200 years ago. Today, one can admire this neoclassical masterpiece at the National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome.

On a related note, I’m also intrigued by the Lelantine War of your island, as recorded by Thucydides – one of the defining events of early Greek history.

In conclusion, I’m truly pleased that Eviasmile has shown such genuine interest in Heracles and the glories of our ancestors through this wonderful interview. Euboea’s rich legacy must be preserved and promoted through coordinated effort.

This interview is not merely a conversation about Heracles – it is a journey into the essence of Virtue, Courage, Sacrifice, and Faith. Our guest, with grace, depth, and a deep sense of cultural duty, reminds us that the past is not dust on library shelves, but a guide toward a more meaningful future.

Eviasmile is honored to host voices that respect tradition, elevate our cultural identity, and inspire new generations to walk – like Heracles – the difficult but redemptive path of Virtue. Because ultimately, every heroic deed begins with one question: “What kind of person do you want to become?”