INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE APPROACHES TO FORMING ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION

ANNOTATION. This article examines the formation of environmental education in preschool-aged children from both scientific-theoretical and practical perspectives. Research emphasizes that the foundation of environmental awareness is laid during the ages of 3–7. In particular, American educator and scientist J. Davis notes that direct interaction with nature in childhood strongly influences a child’s future ecological behavior. According to UNESCO experts, environmental education in preschool settings is effective only when conducted through play, observation, and hands-on activities. The article highlights creative methods, project-based activities, STEAM approaches, and the importance of cooperation between families and educational institutions in organizing environmental education. The research results show that ecological education fosters conscious, careful, and responsible attitudes toward nature in children and helps cultivate love for the environment.

KEYWORDS. Environmental awareness, preschool education, ecological education, creative methods, project-based activities, STEAM approach, nature conservation, observation.

INTRODUCTION. Today, environmental problems have a direct impact on human life at a global scale. Environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources, and loss of biodiversity pose significant challenges to society. Addressing these issues is closely linked to changing humans’ attitudes toward nature. In this context, the preschool education system represents the initial and most critical stage of ecological education. During this period, children form their first understanding, emotional responses, and simple ecological behaviors regarding nature. If ecological education is organized systematically and correctly at this stage, it increases the potential to raise conscious and responsible individuals in the future. This article examines innovative and creative ways to develop environmental awareness in preschool education and analyzes their practical significance.

1. Features of Environmental Awareness Formation in Preschool Children.

Preschool children perceive the environment primarily through sensory experiences and direct interaction. They understand natural phenomena by seeing, hearing, touching, and observing. Therefore, in ecological education, real observation and practical activities should take precedence over abstract concepts.

During this age, environmental awareness develops in the following areas:

Recognizing and naming natural objects;

Observing changes in nature;

Understanding cause-and-effect relationships;

Demonstrating careful and respectful attitudes toward nature.

The process of forming environmental awareness in children is effective only if conducted consistently and continuously. Random or episodic activities cannot develop stable ecological perspectives.

2. Developing Observational Skills through the “Nature Explorers” Project.

Project-based activities are one of the most effective pedagogical approaches for preschool children. The “Nature Explorers” project engages children as active participants, developing their observation and independent thinking skills.

Within this project, children:

Observe the growth of plants;

Record weather changes;

Compare the conditions of water and soil;

Learn to draw simple conclusions.

Such activities increase children’s interest in nature and sense of responsibility. Most importantly, children acquire ecological knowledge through personal experience rather than as pre-packaged information.

3. The Role of Play Technologies in Environmental Education.

Play is the leading form of activity for preschool-aged children. Ecologically themed games help children consciously adopt simple rules for protecting nature.

For example:

Games focused on waste sorting;

Role-playing games about water conservation;

Dramatic games about caring for animals.

During play, children learn to follow ecological rules naturally rather than as a compulsory requirement.

4. Environmental Education through STEAM Approaches.

The STEAM approach allows ecological education to be organized through interdisciplinary integration. This approach enables children to observe ecological phenomena, conduct experiments, and analyze results.

Examples include:

Planting seeds and measuring growth rates;

Observing the evaporation process of water;

Creating simple ecological models.

The STEAM approach develops not only ecological knowledge but also logical thinking and problem-solving skills in children.

5. Cooperation between Families and Preschool Institutions.

The effectiveness of environmental education largely depends on collaboration between families and educational institutions. If ecological education is not continued at home, its impact is short-lived.

Cooperation with parents can include:

Family ecological campaigns;

Home exercises on waste separation;

Discussions on nature conservation.

Such collaboration helps children integrate ecological behavior into daily habits.

CONCLUSION. In conclusion, forming environmental awareness in preschool education is a complex but extremely important process. To organize it effectively, innovative and creative approaches must be applied, children’s age-specific characteristics considered, and collaboration with families established. Ecological education fosters love, responsibility, and conscious attitudes toward nature in children, contributing to the sustainable development of future society.

REFERENCES.

Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Preschool Education.”

“First Step” State Educational Program.

UNESCO. Early Childhood Education for Sustainable Development, 2021–2024.

Davis, J. Young Children and the Environment, 2020–2023.

STEAM Education in Early Childhood. International Journal of Early Learning, 2021.

Axmadqulova Sapuraxon was born in the Marxamat District of the Republic of Uzbekistan. She is a student at the Andijan Branch of Kokand State University, Faculty of Pedagogy, specializing in Preschool Education. She has participated in international competitions. She is a recipient of the “Future Scientist” and “People’s Ambassador” chest badges awarded by the Association of Young Scientists. Her creative works are indexed on Google, and she is the author of numerous articles.

THE FALL OF THE PHILOSOPHER

When we look back at the turn of the 20th century, we are flooded with a general feeling that the old times were good. The people were good, and its reason too was obvious, they were God-fearing, believed in goodness, visited holy places, undertook pilgrimages, and, it was joint family system, which was helpful in nurturing fellow feeling, empathy and compassion.

As the time passed, modernism took over, which meant the fall of the agrarian life, and the onset of the mechanical age. The peace of the village life was lost to the lure of the market town. As the times moved forward, the village was discarded and the people started migrating to the city. Villages were left barren and this process has kept pace even today. Migration from the villages to the cities is still going on unchecked.

What I am going to focus here is how the quality of man has dwindled over time, as machination has increased. Prosperity appears to have grown but along with it, men who enjoy thousands of amenities, have lost something very precious. I can draw a line too, with which many perceptive readers may not be in agreement. There was a generation which started working during the seventies. Before them, there was a generation of great scholars who inhabited the universities. The 2nd generation starts with seventies, in which the young men who joined services, were still touched with some sort of idealism. Actually, sixties and seventies were the times when in our country the socialist movement was in full swing, and reading Russian literature was in vogue. These young men found idealism injected into their blood and their thought too.

The generation which took to work in eighties too was touched by that idealism. They had a feeling of being true to their profession. These were the times when people felt that copying was a moral aberration. Teachers still believed in teaching the students most of the times without getting any remuneration. Morality was still a subject of debate in Colleges and Universities.

However, nineties saw an abrupt change in the sensibility of the people, and it transformed the sensibility of the time as well. This was the moment when ultra-modern times had set in. Desktop had given way to the laptop, mobiles to smart phone. These were the times when people realized there was a city called Kota in Rajasthan. Now, the race was between money and success. The more the money, the greater the success. The students were after packages. Teachers were after tuitions. It was a world of the go-getters. Those who had money could get seats in medical colleges.

It was here that the growing civilization completely shed its idealistic credentials. Now, the teachers, the students and even parents had only one passion. Job. Money was no consideration. And during these times, we gave legitimacy to a thousand things which were considered taboo in previous times. The most important thing were money and success, followed by a sense of freedom, which shook the family from its foundations.

Today, the teachers have lost all idealistic orientation. Religiosity has increased, though its internal content is missing. There is more and more knowledge and great and great success, yet students and even teachers lack basics of human behaviour. In other words, knowledge has given them fat marks sheets, top positions, without bringing to them the most precious virtue which was essential to make life meaningful: wisdom.

Today, we have a generation which has no faith in wisdom. We have administrators who have no faith in creativity. Paperwork, data, and keeping the teachers busy is the basic framework of educational policies. We know a thousand things, without understanding the basics of human character. The electronic revolution and now the AI have further reduced the man-hours which man could use for himself. The great issue today, in my opinion is, man has no time for himself, for his family, and for his mind. It is the phase when philosophy is dead, the philosopher is dead. The academic has been reduced to a paper tiger. He is forced to become a scholar where his only job is to cut and paste the available knowledge, which makes no sense to the man in the street.

We are passing through the worst phase of human development where facilities have increased, but man’s humanity is in decline. We need to arrest this fall. We need to return to a routine where we have free time for ourselves. Where we could slow down the pace of time. We need to revert back and retrieve the values we have lost in our passion for growth.

Dr. Jernail Singh Anand, with an opus of 180 plus books, is Laureate of the Seneca, Charter of Morava, Franz Kafka and Maxim Gorky awards.  His name adorns the Poets’ Rock in Serbia. Anand is a towering literary figure whose work embodies a rare fusion of creativity, intellect, and moral vision.

A Girl Named Ars Poetica

My bathroom tiles have seen, heard, felt, and suffered

through more tears than your busted up, popped out shoulder

I so desperately reach to stabilize and claw into

With my poorly uncut finger nails.

If salvation is the feeling of my saliva dripping off my tongue

Settling into the grooves of your own,

Then maybe, suddenly,

I do want to be saved.

I’ll read to you until the vocal fry in my voice sounds like tv static

As if you fell asleep on your mama’s couch watching Full House,

The connection between the antennas and power altering drastically

Like the longing when our hands aren’t locked.

We will listen to the soft pitter patter of the rain

Gulping up water that’ll clog up the storm drain

Until I have found you asleep on my bathroom floor

Tear stained shoulders, bubbling foam, crystalized eyes and all.

I reach your tear stained, clawed up shoulder

And brush the cuts with my spicy stained finger tips

Until you jolt up just so I can say it’s the medicine to cure

The pain— and you’ll remember my finger tips.

Can you touch my skin with your own until there’s a film

Of deep red coating the fairness, so that no one can see the beauty

Other than your crystalized eyes that I inhabited in

The second you said “I love you.”

The Impact of Social Media on Modern Journalism 

Ziyoda Murodilova 

Fergana State University, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Department of English Philology 

ziyodamuradilova@icloud.com 

Abstract: In today’s digital information landscape, social media has profoundly influenced journalism. This article explores the role of social networks in journalism, emphasizing their speed of information dissemination, interactivity, and integration with traditional mass media. It also discusses the main challenges faced by professionals — disinformation, manipulation, and the impact of algorithmic filters. The findings reveal that while digital platforms encourage the development of journalism, they also threaten its traditional values. Therefore, it is essential for journalists to adapt to new technologies, apply fact-checking methods, and establish stronger connections with their audiences. 

Keywords: social media, journalism, disinformation, media technologies, information dissemination, fact-checking, audience. 

Over the past decade, social media has become an inseparable part of everyday life and has brought radical transformations to the field of journalism. Information now spreads within seconds, and users not only consume news but also take an active part in its creation and distribution. This has blurred the boundaries between professional and citizen journalism. 

The main objective of this research is to analyze the impact of social media on journalism, focusing on information reliability, interactivity, and the evolving relationship between the media and the audience. As traditional journalism faces new challenges, understanding how digital platforms reshape journalistic values and practices has become crucial. This study applies a qualitative research method, analyzing academic sources, expert opinions, and practical examples from platforms such as Facebook, Telegram, Instagram, and X (formerly Twitter). 

Comparative analysis was conducted between traditional media (newspapers, television) and social media-based journalism. Fact-checking practices, information verification mechanisms, and the influence of algorithmic filtering on audience behavior were also examined. 

The research involved reviewing reports from international media institutions (e.g., Reuters Institute, BBC, Oxford University Press) and local media outlets (Kun.uz, Daryo.uz) to identify trends in digital journalism. The findings indicate that social media has reshaped journalism in several ways: 

1. Speed and accessibility: Information circulates in real time, increasing the demand for rapid publication. 2. Interactivity: Journalists now engage directly with audiences through comments, messages, and live sessions. 3. Disinformation threat: False or manipulated information spreads faster and more widely than verified news. 4. Algorithmic control: Social media platforms filter content according to user preferences, creating “echo chambers” that limit exposure to diverse viewpoints. 

These changes have led to both positive and negative consequences. While social media has democratized access to information, it has also raised ethical and professional concerns in journalism. 

Social media has opened new opportunities for journalists by offering direct communication channels, instant feedback, and access to global audiences. However, it also presents challenges that question the very essence of professional journalism. 

The increasing number of “fake news,” clickbait culture, and the pressure of advertising and sponsorship weaken editorial  independence and accuracy. Journalists must now not only report but also verify, interpret, and defend the truth amid an  overload of online information. 

Digital literacy and fact-checking skills have become fundamental competencies for modern journalists. Media  organizations must invest in training and technological tools to detect misinformation and protect ethical journalism. Furthermore, collaboration between media outlets and technology companies is essential to combat algorithmic bias and  promote transparency in information flow. 

Social media represents a turning point in the evolution of journalism. It has accelerated the dissemination of information  and strengthened audience engagement, yet simultaneously exposed journalism to disinformation, manipulation, and  declining trust. 

The future of journalism depends on how effectively professionals integrate new technologies while maintaining truth,  accuracy, and ethical integrity. Journalists must evolve into digital communicators who not only inform but also educate  and empower audiences in the age of information abundance. 

References 

1. Karimova, D. (2023). Foundations of Digital Journalism. Tashkent: National University of Uzbekistan Press. 2. Jenkins, H. (2019). Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: NYU Press. 3. Kovach, B., & Rosenstiel, T. (2021). The Elements of Journalism. New York: Crown Publishing. 4. President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2022). Decree on Measures to Ensure Information Security and Counter  Disinformation. 

5. Castells, M. (2020). The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

6. Kun.uz. (2024). “The Problem of Fake News on Social Media and the Responsibility of Journalists.” 7. Reuters Institute Digital News Report (2023). Oxford University Press. 8. Shiraliyeva, N. (2022). “The Role of Social Media in Modern Journalism.” Journal of Philology and Mass Media, No. 2.

Why is failure the first step to success?

Most people grow up believing that failure is something to be ashamed of – a sign of weakness, a symbol of defeat. We avoid it, fear it, and do everything we can to prevent it. But what if the failure is not the end of your story, but the start of something greater? What is the first fall you take is actually the beginning of your rise?

Failure is not a wall that blocks your path; it is a doorway that leads you forward. Every person who has achieved something meaningful has, at some point, stumbled, struggled, and started again. The truth is simple yet powerful: failure is the first step to success.

Failure and Success work together. We often think failure and success are opposites – that one cancels the other out. But in reality, they are two sides of the same coin. Think about the most successful people in the world – entrepreneurs, athletes, artistes, or scientists. What do they all have in common? They have all faced setbacks, rejections, and failures. But instead of giving up, they learned from their experiences, adapted, and kept moving forward. Failure is not proof that you cannot succeed – it is evidence that you are trying. Every mistake, every “no”, and every setback is simply a part of the process that shapes your future achievements.

Failure teaches us valuable lessons. When you succeed, you celebrate. But when you fail, you reflect – and that is where the real growth happens. Failure teaches lesson that success never could. It reveals what does not work, highlights your weaknesses, and forces you to find new ways forward.

Thomas Edison once said after thousands of failed attempts to invent the light bulb, “I have not failed. I have just found 1,000 ways that will not work.” Those “failures” were not wasted – they were experiments that led him closer to success. Failure gives you feedback. It helps you adjust your strategy, sharpen your skills, and develop patience. The greatest advantage of failure is the wisdom it leaves behind. Each mistake carries a message – if you are willing to listen. Failure builds strengths and resilience

If life were easy, success would lose its meaning. The obstacles you face and the failures you experience are what make your victories valuable. Every time you rise after falling, you grow stronger.

Resilience – the ability to bounce back – is one of the most powerful traits a person can develop. It does not come from comfort; it comes from challenge. When you fail and keep going, you prove to yourself that you can endure disappointment and still move forward. Just like muscles strengthen through resistance, your character strengthens your adversity. With each setback, you learn persistence, self-discipline and courage – the very qualities needed for lasting success.

Failure helps you find the right path. Not every failure means you are unworthy – sometimes it simply means you are going in the wrong direction. Failure is often a signal, a form of guidance. It pushes you to rethink your goals and adjust your course.

Take Walt Disney, for example. Early in his career, he was fired from a newspaper job because he “lacked imagination.” That same man went on to create one of the most imaginative companies in the world. His early failure did not end his dream – it redirected it.

Failure often helps you discover what truly matters to you. When something does not work out, you are forced to ask yourself, “Is this really what I want?” That self-reflection can lead to a clearer vision and a stronger sense of purpose. Courage comes from daring to fail. It takes courage to face failure with an open heart. Many people never achieve their dreams simply because they are afraid to fail. But courage is not the absence of fear – it is the decision to keep moving despite it.

When you dare to fail, you give yourself permission to grow. You stop waiting for perfect conditions and start learning through experience. You realize that mistakes do not define you – they refine you.

Those who succeed the most are not the ones who never fall; they are the ones who refuses to stay down. Every great inventor, artist, and leader has failed more times than they have succeeded. But each failure taught them something that made the next attempt stronger.

Failure is temporary, but its lessons last forever.

Failure might feel final, but it is never permanent. The pain or disappointment you feel today will fade – but the lessons you learn will stay with you for life. Success often appears right after your hardest fall. The problem is, most people give up one attempt too early. They stop just before the breakthrough. But those who keep trying, who view failure as temporary, are the ones who eventually achieve greatness.

Failure teaches resilience, patience and humility – all qualities that prepare you for success when it finally arrives. It shapes you into a stronger, wiser version of yourself.

Turning failure into fuel Once you stop fearing failure, you can start using it as fuel. Every “no” becomes motivation. Every setback becomes an opportunity to improve. Instead of asking “Why did this happen to me?” ask, “What can I learn from that?”

People like Albert Einstein, and J.K. Rowling all faced rejection and failure before achieving success. What set them apart was not luck – it was persistence. They kept moving forward, turning failure into momentum. The truth is failure is not your enemy. It’s your greatest ally, if you let it be. It sharpens your focus, strengthens your will, and shows you how much you truly care about your dream.

Conclusion: Failure is the Foundation of Success

Failure is not something to hide from; it’s something to embrace. It’s the price we pay for growth, for knowledge, for mastery. Every successful story is built on moments of defeat that were transformed into lessons.

So do not let failure to stop you – let it shape you. Every time you fall and rise again, you become wiser, stronger, and closer to your goal. Remember, the first step to success isn’t a perfect start — it’s the courage to begin, fail, and begin again.

Because in the end, success is not about never falling; it’s about always getting back up. And that journey – the one that starts with failure – is where real success begins.

Zaxina Tohirova is 12 years old, born in Kashkadarya, Uzbekistan. She is 7th grade student at Karshi Presidential School. She is passionate about drawing pictures, writing/reading articles and reading books. In her spare time, she usually searches some interesting things, watches action movies and goes for a walk. She spends her weekends with her family. She started writing articles recently and found it very interesting. She is going to write more articles in the future.

Knowledge

To the real world with the mind’s connection

What should be or not

To face anything good or bad

Wrong or right

Presents unseen

To the conscience with the light to justice

No other than human being it possesses

It is set up to live better in life

Like the starry light on the garden

The smooth way to go

The world is decorated in such a way

We think and make our own design

Not to see the devastation on Gaza

Or other country’s death in fight

Or in racial conflict in our country or others

Or in starvation in Africa

Let all the birds die and only we live

Knowledge, how are you always being used to lead? 

Md. Mahbubul Alam is from Bangladesh. His writer name is Mahbub John in Bangladesh. He is a Senior Teacher (English) of Harimohan Government High School, Chapainawabganj, Bangladesh. Chapainawabganj is a district town of Bangladesh. He is an MA in English Literature from Rajshahi College under National University. He has published three books of poems in Bangla. He writes mainly poems but other branches of literature such as prose, article, essay etc. also have been published in national and local newspapers, magazines, little magazines. He has achieved three times the Best Teacher Certificate and Crest in National Education Week in the District Wise Competition in Chapainawabganj District. He has gained many literary awards from home and abroad. His English writings have been published in Synchronized Chaos for seven years.

Hilltop

Hilltop

far from the city

distant towers of cement

people stacked

with eyehole windows

searching the sky

wanting wings

dreams

hearing the hilltop

beyond their reach

prayers

magnified

taking

a deep breath

into the vastness of hope.

Rebellion

Laying down their guns

rebelling against war

soldiers walking away

back to their homes

families waiting

with open arms

tears sparkling

ringing bells

crowds gathering

singing to the stars.

Last Step

She saw me fall

my last step

with her arms open

to her

my love.