my head is an ocean in which I more frequently drown than swim. my mouth is a loaded gun and I am the finger that holds the trigger. sometimes I cannot stop myself from getting tangled in the algae of my depression, from drowning in a sea of anxiety. sometimes I cannot stop myself from firing on the first one to cross my path.
my head is a void, an endless continuum in which I often find myself lost. as I walk through the gates at the precipice of nothingness I am greeted with only a baleful silence. with every step I take in my own mind I fear that I will slip into the deep and never be able to return again. my head is an ocean in which I more frequently drown than swim.
Riley “Ri” Winters (she/they) is a young transgender poet, author, and musician from San Francisco, California. Her work focuses on social justice, identity reclamation, and self-expression, and advocates for mental health awareness and LGBTQ+ rights.
USE OF DIDACTIC GAMES AND MODERN TEACHING METHODS TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN SCIENCE IN SPECIALIZED CLASSES OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Kadirova Feruzakhan Abdiyaminovna Andijan State Pedagogical Institute Master’s student of pedagogy Scientific supervisor Abdullayeva Nasibakhan Jorayevna
Today, the reforms carried out in the education system require future teachers to deeply master modern pedagogical approaches. The use of didactic games and modern interactive methods is important in teaching.
Didactic games increase students’ interest in the lesson and make them active participants. For example, in the role-playing game method, students take the role of a certain profession or pedagogue and solve a problem situation. In this process, they apply their theoretical knowledge in practice. Or through a game organized in the form of a question-and-answer competition, students strengthen the topic and test their knowledge based on healthy competition.
The brainstorming method, which is one of the modern teaching methods, also develops students’ independent thinking. For example, students are asked to express different ideas by setting a problem on a new topic, in which each idea is appreciated and a general conclusion is drawn. This method is used by students forms the ability to think freely and defend one’s point of view.
The cluster method is also one of the effective methods, for example, a certain concept is written on the board, and students branch out their thoughts related to this concept. As a result, a comprehensive idea of the topic is formed This method is especially useful in the systematization of theoretical topics.
Through the insert method, students analyze their knowledge in the process of working with the text. They confirm the information they know during the study, determine new information and identify incomprehensible aspects, which develops students’ independent learning skills.
Case study, that is, the method of analyzing problematic situations, can also be widely used in specialized subjects. For example, students are given a pedagogical situation and asked to find a solution to the problem. This increases the ability to work in a team.
The use of information and communication technologies has also become an integral part of the modern lesson. Presentations, videos, online tests and lessons organized using interactive platforms attract the attention of students. For example, quick assessment through electronic test or explanation of the topic through interactive presentations.
—Losing the green wild, one can never flee the white snow
No path to tread
It seizes the grief
I carry, still warm
Chills surge unceasing
I start
To mend my robe round the frame
Gather firewood along the way
To patch the gaps
Where the green wild fled
From the wall
2.年碑
——为你做碑
只攒了些许
清楚
流尽落款
的灰
敞开东行
的雪
站成南向
的碑
来年
椿的，杨的，榆的
陷了一堆
涨了一辈
Epitaph of the Year
—Carving a stele for you
I only gather a little
Clarity
Till the ash of the signature
Runs dry
Unfurl the snow
Wending east
Stand as a stele
Facing south
In the coming year
Of the Chinese toon, the poplar, the elm
A pile sinks
A generation rise
3.阴天
我习惯
冬的母亲
持续凌冽
里断里
有一天扭捏
难肯
凭惯性
结果她
含了许久
才送出
带着温润
的种
跑去埋下
发不了
芽
Overcast Day
I’m used to it
Winter’s mother
Keeps the bitter chill
Lingering, fraying
Once in a while, coy
Reluctant
By force of habit
Turns out she
Holds it long
Before she sends forth
The seed
Warmed and mild
I run to bury it
It won’t
Sprout
4.送叶
春天的
许应
旋我在
雪上
等到脱落
的叶
飞上高枝
却是灰黑
的雀
Sending the Leaf
The promise
of spring
Whirls me upon
the snow
Till the fallen
leaf
Rises to the high branch
Yet it’s a dull black
sparrow
5.望波
我追不上
认定的
波
母亲静立
看阔阔的
河
至夜半
外公的眼角
搁浅了
泥螺
我一并
掂起
但我行动
太缓
完成不了
对一个
人的
提纯
Gazing at the Waves
I cannot catch up
with the wave
I set my heart on
Mother stands still
watching the broad
river
Till midnight
in Grandpa’s eyes
mud snails run aground
I pick them up
all together
Yet my steps are
too slow
to finish
the purification
of a
person
Su Yun, 17 years old, is a member of the Chinese Poetry Society and a young poet. His works have been published in more than ten countries. He has published two poetry collections in China, namely Inspiration from All Things and Wisdom and Philosophy, and one in India titled WITH ECSTASY OF MUSINGS IN TRANQUILITY. He has won the Guido Gozzano Orchard Award in Italy, the Special Award for Foreign Writers in the City of Pomezia, and was praised by the organizing committee as the “Craftsman of Chinese Lyric Poetry”. He has also received the “Cuttlefish Bone” Best International Writer Award for those under 25.
Abstract : This article explores the role of motivation and discipline in achieving personal goals. While motivation provides the initial drive, discipline ensures consistency and long-term commitment. The paper analyzes how internal motivation and self-discipline interact, highlights common challenges in maintaining goal-oriented behavior, and presents practical strategies supported by statistical data. The study emphasizes that sustainable success is built not on temporary inspiration, but on structured habits and personal responsibility.
Key words : motivation, discipline, personal goals, self-development, consistency
Shaxsiy maqsadlarga erishishda motivatsiya va intizomning o‘rni
Dilrabo Boymirzayeva
Jahon iqtisodiyoti va diplomatiya universiteti 1-kurs talabasi
Annotatsiya : Ushbu maqolada shaxsiy maqsadlarga erishishda motivatsiya va intizomning ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Motivatsiya insonni harakatga undovchi kuch bo‘lsa, intizom ushbu harakatni davomli va barqaror qiladi. Maqolada ichki motivatsiya, o‘zini boshqarish, odatlarni shakllantirish va natijaga erishish jarayonlari misollar asosida yoritiladi. Tadqiqot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, muvaffaqiyat tasodif emas, balki ongli tanlov va qat’iyat mahsulidir.
Kalit so‘zlar: Motivatsiya, intizom, shaxsiy maqsadlar, o‘zini rivojlantirish, barqarorlik
Роль мотивации и дисциплины в достижении личных целей
Дилрабо Боймирзаева
Студентка 1 курса Университета мировой экономики и дипломатии
Аннотация :В данной статье рассматривается значение мотивации и дисциплины в процессе достижения личных целей. Мотивация выступает источником первоначального импульса, тогда как дисциплина обеспечивает устойчивость и регулярность действий. В статье анализируются внутренние факторы самоконтроля, формирование привычек и личная ответственность как основа долгосрочного успеха.
In modern society, achieving personal goals has become increasingly challenging due to constant distractions and high expectations. Many individuals start their journey with strong motivation yet fail to maintain progress over time. This raises an important question: what truly determines success? This article argues that while motivation initiates action, discipline sustains it. Understanding the balance between these two elements is essential for long-term personal development
Motivation as a Starting Force:
Motivation is the psychological energy that pushes an individual toward a desired outcome. It can be intrinsic, driven by personal values and satisfaction, or extrinsic, influenced by rewards or social recognition. Intrinsic motivation is generally more sustainable, as it aligns with a person’s identity and long-term aspirations. However, motivation is often unstable and influenced by emotions, environment, and temporary circumstances
Discipline as a Stability Mechanism:
Discipline is the ability to act consistently regardless of emotional state. Unlike motivation, discipline does not rely on mood or inspiration. It is built through routines, self-control, and conscious decision-making. Individuals who develop disciplined habits are more likely to continue working toward their goals even during periods of low motivation.
Statistical Example and Explanation:
According to a study conducted by the American Psychological Association, individuals who rely primarily on habits rather than motivation are 40% more likely to achieve long-term goals. This statistic demonstrates that discipline-based systems, such as daily routines and measurable plans, significantly increase the probability of success by reducing dependence on emotional motivation
Continuation of the Article:
Combining motivation and discipline creates a powerful framework for personal growth. Motivation provides direction, while discipline ensures execution. When individuals learn to act first and wait for motivation later, productivity and confidence increase. Over time, disciplined actions reinforce motivation, creating a positive feedback loop.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, motivation and discipline are not opposing forces but complementary elements of success. Motivation ignites the desire to change, while discipline transforms that desire into results. True achievement comes from understanding that progress depends not on how one feels, but on how consistently one acts. Developing discipline allows individuals to move forward even when motivation fades.
References:
Duckworth, A. (2016). Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance.
Clear, J. (2018). Atomic Habits.
American Psychological Association. (2021). Motivation and Habit Formation Studies.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation.
Abstract: Zulfiya Isroilova, widely known as Zulfiya, occupies a significant place in the history of Uzbek literature. This article examines her contribution to national poetry, focusing on her lyrical style, thematic richness, and cultural influence. Drawing upon literary analysis and historical context, the study explores the role of Zulfiya in promoting patriotism, women’s dignity, and spiritual resilience through poetry. Particular attention is given to her artistic language, emotional depth, and social engagement. The findings suggest that Zulfiya’s творчество continues to inspire readers and remains an essential component of Uzbekistan’s literary heritage.
Keywords: Zulfiya; Uzbek literature; poetry; women’s empowerment; patriotism; lyrical poetry
Literature plays a crucial role in shaping national identity and preserving cultural values. Among the prominent representatives of twentieth-century Uzbek literature, Zulfiya stands out as a symbol of grace, resilience, and intellectual strength. Her poetic works not only enriched Uzbek literary tradition but also reflected the emotional and spiritual experiences of her time. Through her sincere and expressive verses, Zulfiya contributed to the development of modern Uzbek poetry and elevated the status of women in literature.
The Literary Foundations of Zulfiya’s Poetry
Zulfiya’s творчество is characterized by lyrical sensitivity and artistic refinement. Her poetry reflects themes of love, loyalty, homeland, and human dignity. Influenced by classical Eastern poetic traditions as well as modern literary movements, she successfully combined emotional expression with social awareness.
From a literary perspective, her works demonstrate vivid imagery, symbolic language, and musical rhythm. Her poems often portray nature as a reflection of inner emotional states, creating harmony between human feelings and the surrounding world. This stylistic feature enhances the emotional impact of her poetry.
Themes in Zulfiya’s Works
One of the central themes in Zulfiya’s poetry is patriotism. She expressed deep devotion to her homeland and emphasized the importance of cultural identity. Her poems celebrate the beauty of Uzbekistan’s landscapes and the strength of its people.
Another significant theme is the spiritual strength of women. As a female poet in the twentieth century, Zulfiya became a voice of dignity and empowerment. Her works highlight women’s resilience, loyalty, and moral courage. Through her artistic expression, she challenged traditional limitations and contributed to the recognition of women’s intellectual potential.
Love and fidelity also occupy an important place in her творчество. Her lyrical poems portray love not only as a personal emotion but as a source of inspiration and moral growth
Social and Cultural Influence
Beyond her literary achievements, Zulfiya actively participated in public and cultural life. She supported young writers and contributed to the development of Uzbek literary institutions. The establishment of the Zulfiya State Prize for talented young women demonstrates her lasting impact on society.
Her legacy continues to inspire new generations of poets and scholars. Zulfiya’s works remain part of academic curricula and cultural discussions, reflecting her enduring relevance in modern Uzbekistan.
In conclusion, Zulfiya represents a significant figure in Uzbek literary history. Her poetry, distinguished by emotional depth, artistic elegance, and social awareness, has left an indelible mark on national culture. Through her exploration of patriotism, love, and women’s dignity, she shaped both literary tradition and social consciousness.Zulfiya’s legacy endures as a symbol of artistic excellence and moral strength in Uzbek literature.
References
Karimov, N. (2010). History of Uzbek Literature. Tashkent: Literature Press.
Rahimov, B. (2015). Modern Uzbek Poetry. Tashkent: Akademnashr.
I, Nishonboyeva Shahnoza, was born on October 28, 2001, in Yangi Gulboq village of Mingbuloq district, Namangan region. The rural environment, sincere people, and a lifestyle based on hard work played a significant role in shaping my worldview. There are two sons and one daughter in our family, and I am the only daughter. This taught me from an early age to be responsible, patient, and determined in pursuing my goals.
The role of my parents in my life is invaluable. My father, Botirov Ma’murjon, was born on August 16, 1968. His diligence, honesty, and determination have always been a great example for me. My mother, Akbarova Gulchehra, was born on February 15, 1971. Her kindness, patience, and constant support have been the greatest foundation in helping me reach where I am today. The upbringing and confidence given by my parents encourage me to take bold steps in life.
Currently, I am a fourth-year student at Kokand State University, consistently striving to gain knowledge. During my student years, I have not limited myself to academic studies alone; I have worked on self-development and acquiring modern knowledge and skills. As a result of my efforts, I developed a strong interest in mental arithmetic. I earned certificates in this field and established a mental arithmetic course for children.
Today, the achievements of my students are my greatest accomplishment. Their enthusiasm for learning and every success they achieve give me even greater responsibility and inspiration. My main goal is to help my students reach higher levels, develop their potential, and contribute to their becoming globally recognized young individuals in the future. Along this path, I continue to learn, obtain new certificates, and expand my knowledge.
The role of my parents-in-law and my spouse in my achievements is also extremely significant. Their trust, constant assistance, and support give me the strength to overcome any difficulties.
Another important goal for my future is to work in a preschool educational institution and become a strong and experienced educator. Over time, I aspire to rise to the position of director, relying on my knowledge and experience, and achieve high results in the field of education. Of course, this path requires continuous hard work, self-improvement, and professional development. I am ready for it.
My life path is a journey of moving toward my dreams with determination and building the future through knowledge and hard work. I firmly believe that every effort and every day of hard work will eventually bear fruit. Because every step taken with dedication and faith leads toward a bright future.
In 2025, she transitioned from a contract to a grant during the Grand-Contract selection stage.
She is a member of the “Council of Leading Girls”.
She holds 3 international and 21 official certificates.
She has participated in 2 international scientific-practical conferences.
She took part in the III International Handicraft Festival.
She received a Level B certificate in the National Exam for the Mother Tongue subject.
Pedagogical Foundations of Moral Education and Worldview Formation in Primary School Students
Islomova Maxsudaxon
Qo‘qon State University
Faculty of Primary and Technological Education
Primary Education Program, Group 05/24
Abstract:
This article explores the pedagogical foundations of moral education and the formation of worldview in primary school students. The primary education stage is a crucial period in personality development, during which moral education, norms, social values, and initial worldview are formed in students. The article analyzes the essence and content of moral education and worldview, as well as their role in the development of the student’s personality. It is concluded that a properly organized pedagogical process contributes to the formation of positive moral qualities and a broad worldview in students.
Primary education is the main stage where a student’s attitude toward knowledge, tendency to imitate, interest in learning, and activity are formed. Therefore, instilling moral virtues and embedding national and universal values is an important pedagogical task. The integrity of education and upbringing processes plays a key role in forming a positive worldview in students.
Today, in the context of globalization, educating the younger generation to be morally mature, with strong beliefs and a correct worldview, is one of the most pressing issues. From this perspective, studying the pedagogical foundations of moral education and worldview formation in primary school students is of significant scientific and practical importance. The country’s education system, i.e., academic institutions, not only provide theoretical knowledge but also focus on raising morally educated youth, which is currently a requirement of the times. It is no secret that the importance of moral education is steadily increasing worldwide.
Morality has a historical and changing character; moral norms are defined by social conditions and vary across different strata of society. A moral norm is recognized by society and is a rule whose compliance can be obligatory or voluntary. To ensure that primary school students remember and understand morality easily, it can be defined as follows: “Morality is behaving politely, respecting elders, helping friends, speaking truthfully, and doing good deeds.”
Moral education is a purposeful pedagogical process aimed at developing in students the moral norms, behavior, and values accepted by society. Moral education in primary education is particularly important because at this stage, children begin to form an understanding of behavior, habits, and worldview. Through observation and imitation of teachers and parents, children quickly acquire moral qualities.
When forming moral education in primary school students, it is important to consider the ideas of great thinkers, as our ancestors highlighted high virtues such as human perfection, morality, honesty, justice, compassion, and patriotism in their works. Their perspectives have retained their value over the centuries and still serve as a strong theoretical and moral basis for educating the younger generation. The lives and activities of these thinkers serve as exemplary models for students because they demonstrated a pursuit of knowledge, diligence, and moral excellence. Furthermore, the universal and national values promoted in their works help form a correct worldview, national pride, and moral maturity in primary school students. Therefore, using the heritage of great thinkers in moral education is pedagogically important and effective. The ethical views of Eastern scholars help cultivate humanity in students’ hearts.
Along with moral education, students’ worldview gradually develops. Modern psychology considers worldview as a part of personal development. The foundation of worldview is formed by scientific knowledge.
Worldview is the system of a person’s knowledge, concepts, values, and beliefs about existence, nature, society, humanity, and the meaning of life. It determines a person’s attitude toward events, behavior, and life position. Worldview is not just a collection of knowledge; it also encompasses inner beliefs, attitudes toward values, and goals. Its formation is a continuous process influenced by education, social environment, family upbringing, and personal experience.
The foundation of worldview is laid during primary school years. At this stage, children perceive surrounding events in a simple but emotionally intense way. Therefore, education provided at this stage directly influences their future perspectives. Students learn mostly through observation, imitation, and practical activity. Their worldview develops through the teacher’s personality, family environment, classroom processes, and social surroundings. In particular, a teacher’s personal example, fair and caring attitude contributes to forming positive perspectives in students.
The following methods are used to develop worldview in students:
Integrating education and upbringing;
Ethical conversations and educational hours;
Explaining through tales, stories, and instructive proverbs;
Group games and activities;
Instilling national and universal values.
In addition, fostering independent thinking, encouraging questioning, and teaching problem-solving also broadens students’ worldview.
Conclusion:
Primary education is the foundation of personality development. At this stage, students begin to form moral virtues, national values, and worldview. In shaping these qualities, it is essential to use the works of great scholars and thinkers to guide children correctly and teach knowledge they will apply throughout life. Properly organized education and upbringing contribute to the development of a positive worldview, strong moral values, and well-rounded personalities in students.
References:
Yoldoshev O’. Didaktik prinsiplar tizimida tarixiylik. Tashkent: Fan, 2005.
Yoldoshev J. Hayot va tafakkur sayyorasi. Tashkent: Fan, 1991.
Yoldoshev O’. Ta’lim nazariyasi asoslari. Tashkent: Fan, 2006.
Khodjayev B.X. Umumiy pedagogika nazariyasi va amaliyoti. Tashkent: Sano-standart, 2017.
Yoldoshev O.J., Ziyayev A., Yusupov M., et al. Umumiy pedagogika. Tashkent: Fan va texnologiya, 2017.
Mavlonov V. Development of vigilance and awareness in students based on neuro-linguistic programming technologies. Pedagogika, TDPU, 2017/3.
Nurmatova M. History of Origin and Social and Pedagogical Need of Tutor’s Activity. International Bulletin of Applied Science and Technology, 3(2023):151-154.
Nurmatova M.O.Q. Is’hoqxon Ibrat’s Contribution to Knowledge and Enlightenment. Academic Research in Educational Sciences, 3.NUU Conference 2(2022).
Nurmatova M.O.K. Psychological and pedagogical features of older preschool children. Youth and the XXI Century (2015).
Nurmatova M. Teacher-Leader in Education. Current Scientific Research in the Modern World, 2018.
Nurmatova M. Work “Odob vs-Salihin” – a Handbook on Politeness and Rules of Conduct. Current Scientific Research in the Modern World, 2018.
