Synchronized Chaos’ First February Issue: Paying Attention

Image c/o Linnaea Mallette

First of all, published poet and contributor Tao Yucheng is still hosting a poetry contest, open to all readers of Synchronized Chaos Magazine.

Synchronized Chaos Poetry Contest: We seek short, powerful, imaginative, and strange poetry. While we welcome all forms of free verse and subject matter, we prefer concise work that makes an impact.

Guidelines: Submit up to five poems per person to taoyucheng921129@proton.me. Each poem should not exceed one page (ideally half a page or less). All styles and themes welcome. Deadline for submissions will be in early March.

Prizes: First Place: $50 Second Place: $10, payable via online transfer. One Honorable Mention. Selected finalists will be published in Synchronized Chaos Magazine.

Next, poet Yucheng Tao’s new chapbook, The Mirror Image of Death, has just been released from Alien Buddha Press! People can order it here.

J.J. Campbell’s new book To Live Your Dreams is also out and available to order here.

Welcome to this month’s issue, Paying Attention.

Across poetry, fiction, essays, memoir, and scholarship, this issue asks what it means to live attentively: to create honestly, remember faithfully, love fully, and choose responsibility in an impermanent world.

Image c/o Omar Sahel

Jacques Fleury honors the many contributions of Black Americans to society and argues that the United States still needs to celebrate Black History Month due to their lack of knowledge of essential history and context.

Sayani Mukherjee presents spring as both gentle and haunting, reminding us that loss and regrowth are both intimate parts of our experience. Berdirahmonova Shahlo Sherzod qizi expresses poignant longing for the return of joy and love in the spring. O’giloy Kucharova celebrates the social and natural renewal of spring as Christina Chin’s haikus evoke winter’s precarity and solitude. Brian Barbeito’s work dissolves boundaries and outlines in the dark of night and the way the rain falls everywhere, inspiring an open, receptive state of mind. His next piece evokes a chilly and aesthetically under-defined winter day.

Ma Yongbo’s wintry and tough-minded poetic cycle poses the question of what it means to keep creating when permanence and perfection may be impossible. Lan Xin’s pieces honor restraint, the diversity of life, and working with the natural rhythm of life’s seasons. Mykyta Ryzhykh calls attention to how both death and rebirth in nature bring us out of our ponderings and back to the present moment. Sterling Warner draws upon fresh and salt water and psychological and physical weather Linette Rabsatt’s poems take joy in letting go of the conscious mind and listening to the natural world as a source of inspiration. Joseph Ogbonna meditates on the stillness and inspiration of an early dawn. Gezim Basha, in work translated by Marjeta Rrapaj, celebrates tender love and living an authentic life. Yo’ldosheva Zinnura writes of the need to care for and consider our impact on the environment and climate.

Mehreen Ahmed’s work explores art, creativity, complicity, and displacement. Alan Catlin’s ekphrastic poetry crafts scenes of still life interrupted by violence and chaos. Bill Tope’s short story critiques immigration enforcement violence in the United States through the terror of one wrongly targeted victim. Kelly Moyer’s absurdist, provocative video speaks to the same topic as Leticia Garcia Bradford offers a local perspective and Pat Doyne brings strident satire to the issues of the day. Umid Najjari offers a poetic tribute to those who lost their lives in the Iranian revolution. Sungrue Han’s poems evoke alienation, dislocation, and collective and individual trauma. Mahbub Alam decries human greed and the destruction of other humans and the natural world and encourages care and respect. Virginia Aronson draws attention to modern crimes committed by government agents and by international criminal gangs, suggesting a comparison.

J.J. Campbell brings his signature blend of hard-earned cynicism and exhaustion. Scott C. Holstad snatches bits of sweetness and color from complex and artificial modern life. Türkan Ergör reminds us of our mortality and vulnerability to various human struggles. Like a wanderer tiptoeing through dimly lit rooms in a house, Carl Scharwath’s poetry moves from loss to relief to conscious acceptance of stillness. Allison Grayhurst’s poetic cycle sheds, releases, and re-forms visceral emotions. Dr. Prasanna Kumar Dalai’s work carries the quiet dignity of someone who feels deeply but speaks carefully.

Image c/o Kai Stachowiak

Mesfakus Salahin’s work addresses the alchemical transformation of formless feeling into legible thought through poetry. Shakespeare Okuni’s poem highlights the role of ritual and performance in meaning-making. Alex Johnson sets out a manifesto for artistic openness and an aesthetic that welcomes diverse sources of inspiration. Stephen Jarrell Williams evokes life, innocence, joy, and energy in his restrained pieces. Rus Khomutoff’s piece is at once overabundant, technical, and tender, perhaps more intended to be entered into than understood.

Abbas Yusuf Alhassan’s ars poetica explores the various forms poetry takes in his mind and how inspiration hits him as an artist. Duane Vorhees probes desire, time, chance, and memory. Nurbek Norchayev meditates on nature, time, and the life of the soul. Michael Robinson’s essay is a lived testimony of fear, darkness, illness, strength, forgiveness, and survival. Maja Milojkovic speaks of her personal spirituality and closeness to God. Sarah Adeyemo also reaches for her faith for comfort and the strength to keep loving even through a time of desperation and grief. Patrick Sweeney’s one or two-line thoughts provoke head-scratching and evade easy answers. Texas Fontanella jumbles a variety of words and symbols into a static buzz. Grzegorz Wroblewski’s asemic pieces reflect a mind in motion, jumping and self-editing mid-thought from one idea to another.

Susie Gharib navigates the emotional landscape of power, voice, myth, and lived reality. Mark Young contributes a fresh set of altered technicolor Australian landscapes. Cristina Deptula observes and comments on Dianne Reeves Angel’s memoir of a creative life in film production, Every Restaurant Tells a Story. Federico Wardal celebrates the film legacy of Italian filmmaker Billy Wilder. Taylor Dibbert enjoys traveling despite occasional moments of personal embarrassment. Xo’jyozova Dildora looks to ecotourism as a way to sustainably strengthen local economies.

For travel in a more metaphorical sense, Abdugafforova Muslimaxon Akmalovna reviews Qobilon Shermatov’s fantastical children’s tale The Country Inside My Grandfather’s Stomach. This book addresses issues of personal character, as each person’s “interior” reflects who they are and how they behave.

Other authors look at individual and collective character and moral choice. Eva Petropoulou Lianou’s poems express her hopes for peace, understanding, compassion, and humanity. Gordana Saric echoes that hope, wishing for worldwide love, understanding, and reconciliation. Maftuna Sultonova reminds us of the infinite value and dignity of each person. Nigora Baxtiyorova analyzes infidelity as a theme in Uzbek literature. Xasanova Aziza Kumushbek qizi peers into even more Uzbek literature and finds a timeless warning about how one’s life and dignity matter even more than one’s reputation and fame. Journalist Elisa Mascia interviews Azerbaijani author Jakhongir Nomozov and he affirms the need for authors to master their craft and speak their truth regardless of passing fads or popularity. Solid work will stand the test of time.

Image c/o Claudia Wehrli

Dr. Jernail S. Anand suggests that a complete education not only teaches technical skills but also how to be a decent human being. Kodirova Shakhzoda highlights the cultural importance of Uzbekistan’s cultural values of compassion, courtesy, respect for nature, and courage.

Dr. Barbaros İrdelmen mourns love lost to human and societal pettiness, and to death. Bill Tope and Doug Hawley co-present a tale of loss, guilt, and redemption. Mehrinoz Tursunova’s bittersweet love poem prepares for an impending separation. Eshmatova Marjona Kamol qizi outlines ways social service systems can intervene to support children from dysfunctional families. Nurboboyeva Dilshoda Nodir qizi evaluates the psychological effects of divorce on children and suggests ways to help them through the transition.

Dildoraxon Turg’unboyeva reflects on childhood memories and her love for her departed grandfather. Gulsevar Mirzamahmudova honors her hardworking migrant laborer father for his care and determination, reflecting on how she misses him.

Malohat Ahmadjonova expresses love and gratitude for the hard work and dedication of her parents, who made sure she dressed well and received an education. Mashrabxo’jayeva Feruzakhon offers gratitude for the steady love and care of her parents. Nurullayeva Nigora Nurmurod qizi’s poem expresses her love and care for her mother, who has given her so much. Ismoilova Sarvinoz reflects on how much her parents have loved her over time and how she wishes to return the favor as they age. Shafkat Aziz Hajam fondly remembers the freedom and wonder of childhood, made possible by his caring parents.

Islamova Dilnoza Khamidovna gives thanks for a caring and steady friend as Rukhshona Khamzayeva shares her gratitude for a dedicated teacher. Zarifaxon Holiboyeva reflects on missing her family and her classmates in a young student’s piece full of tender affection. Toshpulatova Mehribonu Sherbek qizi rejoices in the love of her sweet sister. Alisherova Hurmatoy reflects on the power of her lover’s kind words to calm her spirit. Graciela Noemi Villaverde draws on elegant nature-inspired imagery to express her love. Chinese academic Bai Gengsheng pays tribute to his loyal and hardworking wife, acknowledging that her steady support over many years made his accomplishments possible.

Image c/o Omar Sahel

Aziza Xasanova compares waiting for the unfolding of love to allowing a fig tree to leaf out in its season. Lan Xin’s epic, mytho-romantic piece affirms the choice of embodied and temporal love over transcendence and divinity.

Ozodbek Narzullayev’s verse expresses adoration for his country as if it were his lover. Jahongirova Gulhayo Jahongirovna’s rhyming poem pays tribute to a man of deep loyalty, patriotism and integrity. Abduganiyev Shexrozbek discusses the inter-related nature of the Uzbek national concept, legal system, and spiritual values in shaping the culture.

Kudratova Nozima Bahromovna explores the narrative style of Uzbek writer To’gay Murod. Madina Jorayeva’s essay highlights the contributions of translator and critic Ozod Sharafiddinov to Uzbek and world heritage and literature. Shahnoza Ochildiyeva translates Ozod Sharafiddinov’s essay celebrating and analyzing the literary value of poet and translator Abdulhamid Sulaymon og‘li Cho‘lpon’s contributions to Uzbek literature. Nargiza Masharipova celebrates the cultural interchanges made possible by the migration of the world’s peoples. Sultonaliyeva Go’zaloy outlines some of the factors encouraging and driving migration. Ubaydullayeva Saodat celebrates the literary artistry and truth-telling of one of Uzbekistan’s greatest poets, Alexander Feinberg. Xayrullayeva Zahro suggests ways to preserve the high literary quality of the Uzbek language and not lose it to abbreviations and modernisms. Rizoqulova Parvina Ramzovna analyzes the relation between language and culture.

Munavvar Tlewbaeva speaks of the comfort she finds by reading books by authors who understand and write of her feelings. Odinaxon Qodirova highlights ways to encourage young people to read. Yusupboyeva Madina rejoices in the persistence of reading culture among young people. Turgunova Kh. suggests strategies for teachers to effectively communicate with young Generation Z students.

Karimova Navbaxar Mahmudjanovna suggests strategies for encouraging creative thinking in children. Jorabek Muhammadolimov raises awareness of how too much scrolling and flipping online can lead to difficulty concentrating. Choriyeva Oynur warns of the consequences of overuse of smartphones and the Internet. Roziboyeva Asilakhon speaks against digital surveillance and fear-driven self-censorship.

Image c/o Jon Luty

Isroilova Sarvinoz Maxmud qizi discusses how to use educational tools to teach young children mathematical concepts. Barnoxon Baxtiyorjon Yoqubova considers strategies for integrating physical play with learning arithmetic. Amirqulova Gulsevar discusses digital innovations in education. Daminova Sevinch Tuychi qizi highlights the enlightened wisdom and teaching of Uzbek children’s educator Abdulla Avloni. Lazokat Ortigaliyevna Pirmatova relates how participating in competitive mental arithmetic helped her to develop confidence and the ability to think on her feet.

Nilufar Ibroximova suggests how new Uzbek textbooks could be crafted and used to help young children develop critical thinking. Norquolova Madina highlights the value of learning a second language. Haydarova Mehribon outlines various methods for learning the Mandarin Chinese language, coupled with history and background of the tongue. Mansurova Shahnoza parses the finer points of verb conjugation in French as Xurramova Farangiz compares the process in French and Uzbek. Masharipova Sayyora compares proverbs in French and Uzbek and how they reveal cultural values. Nilufar Mo’ydinova outlines techniques for learning German through approaches from the field of translation. Najmiddinova Mekhrigul Najmiddin qizi delves into the intricacies of language translation. Abdurahimova Anora’s essay considers the impact of one’s first language on the process of learning a second language. Mengboyeva Baxtiniso Mamatqobilovna highlights the value of language teachers’ maintaining a culture of competence in spoken language.

Several contributors work and research in the language of other academic and professional disciplines. Lutfullayeva Shaxrizoda Faruxjon qizi outlines the current state of pneumonia diagnosis and treatment in young children. Mansurov Abdulaziz Abdullox ugli highlights the importance of preventive dental care in children. Fahriddin Akramov’s essay describes treatment for a variety of neurological conditions. Mamatqulova Mukarram Nuriddin qizi speaks to the life and academic stresses students endure and how to protect their mental health. Nasulloyeva Feruzabonu Akmalovna discusses the nature of scientific innovation and how to encourage it in Central Asia. Durdona Sharifovna Roziboyeva discusses the effects of the Herbst dental appliance on the upper airway.

Eshmurodova Sevinch explicates methods of improving deposit mobilization policies in commercial banks. Iroda Sobirova outlines basic principles of supply and demand in a market economy. Sobirova Iroda Abdulaziz qizi highlights strategies to foster innovative entrepreneurship. Mamadaliyeva O’giloy asserts her power and determination to become successful in academics and business.

Baxshilloyeva Nigina Bahodir qizi offers inspiration to young women seeking to live their dreams. Axmetova Dilnura Po’lat qizi outlines the historical and contemporary role of women in Central Asian societies. Sevinch Farxodova highlights the importance of gender equality and initiatives to that extent in Uzbekistan.

Image c/o Linnaea Mallette

Shahnoza Pulatova Makhmudjanovna outlines and describes how Uzbek society is modernizing politically, economically, and socially. Dilafruz Muhammadjonova expresses fervent pride in and hope for Uzbekistan and the desire for the nation’s youth to rise up and take their place. Priyanka Neogi outlines ways to overcome depression and apathy and keep working towards one’s goals. Ziyoda Murodilova highlights the importance of internal motivation and determination for students to achieve their goals. https://synchchaos.com/essay-from-orzigul-sherova-4/Orzigul Sherova presents, in a similar vein, her secrets to success through passion and hard work.

We hope that this issue inspires you to create your place in the world with intention and joy.

Poetry and art from Brian Michael Barbeito

Overcast

Barren tree on a snowy landscape.

overcast winter day, not much of a day but the sun tried to peak out here and there, if faintly, from the otherwise opaque firmament. walk and walk though. bushes and trees, many branches barren for the season, paired down to their essence. life a bit like some part of a dream. ridge and hill. ah bleak winter one must shrug and sigh and smile against your saturnine countenance. 

Essay from Eshmurodova Sevinch

Young Central Asian woman with long dark hair, brown eyes, and a black coat over a white collared shirt.

Improving Deposit Mobilization Policies in Commercial Banks

Second-year student of Karshi State Technical University, Eshmurodova Sevinch

Abstract: This article examines the role and importance of deposit
mobilization policies in commercial banks and their impact on
financial stability and economic development. In modern banking
systems, deposits are the primary source of funds used for lending and investment activities. Therefore, effective deposit mobilization is
crucial for ensuring liquidity, profitability, and sustainability of
banks. The study analyzes the current trends in deposit collection,
the challenges faced by commercial banks, and the strategies that can be used to improve depositor confidence and attract long-term savings.


Special attention is given to the relevance of digital banking,
interest rate policies, and customer-oriented services in
strengthening deposit growth. The article also proposes policy
recommendations to enhance deposit mobilization in developing banking systems.

Keywords: Deposit mobilization, commercial banks, savings, financial
stability, banking policy, customer trust, digital banking

Introduction

Deposits play a fundamental role in the functioning of commercial
banks. They represent the main source of financial resources that
banks use to provide loans, make investments, and support economic activity. A stable and growing deposit base enables banks to maintain liquidity, manage risks, and expand their operations. In many developing economies, strengthening deposit mobilization has become one of the key objectives of banking sector reforms.

In recent years, financial markets have become more competitive and technologically advanced. Customers now have more choices and higher expectations regarding the quality, speed, and safety of banking services. As a result, commercial banks must continuously improve their deposit mobilization policies to attract and retain customers.


This includes offering attractive interest rates, reliable digital
platforms, and customer-friendly services.

The purpose of this article is to analyze how commercial banks can
improve their deposit mobilization policies in order to enhance
financial stability and support economic growth.

Main Body

       1. The Economic Role of Bank Deposits

Bank deposits are essential for the efficient functioning of the
financial system. They provide banks with low-cost and relatively
stable funding, which is used to finance households, businesses, and
government projects. A strong deposit base allows banks to reduce
their dependence on external borrowing and minimize liquidity risks.

From a macroeconomic perspective, deposits help channel idle savings into productive investments. When individuals and firms deposit their money in banks, these funds become available for lending and contribute to economic development. Therefore, increasing the volume and stability of deposits is not only important for banks but also for the overall economy.

2. Factors Affecting Deposit Mobilization

Several factors influence the ability of commercial banks to attract
deposits. One of the most important factors is trust. Depositors must
feel confident that their money is safe and easily accessible.
Political stability, sound regulation, and effective supervision all
contribute to building this trust.

Interest rates also play a significant role. Higher deposit rates
encourage people to save more, while lower rates may lead them to seek alternative investment options. In addition, service quality, branch networks, and digital banking platforms influence customers’ decisions to choose a particular bank.

3. The Role of Digital Banking in Deposit Growth

Digital banking has become a powerful tool for deposit mobilization.
Online and mobile banking services make it easier for customers to
open accounts, transfer funds, and manage their savings. This
convenience increases customer satisfaction and encourages people to keep more money in the banking system.

Furthermore, digital platforms allow banks to reach a wider
population, including young people and residents of remote areas. By
offering innovative digital products such as mobile wallets and online
savings accounts, banks can attract new depositors and strengthen
financial inclusion.

4. Challenges in Deposit Mobilization

Despite its importance, deposit mobilization faces several challenges. Inflation, low income levels, and economic uncertainty can reduce people’s willingness to save. In addition, competition from non-bank financial institutions and informal savings channels may divert funds away from the banking system.

Another challenge is the lack of financial literacy. Many individuals
do not fully understand the benefits of saving in banks or are
unfamiliar with available financial products. This limits the growth
of deposits and reduces the effectiveness of banking policies.

5. Strategies for Improving Deposit Mobilization

To improve deposit mobilization, commercial banks should focus on
building customer trust, enhancing service quality, and promoting
financial literacy. Offering transparent terms, reliable customer
support, and secure digital platforms can significantly increase
depositor confidence.

Banks should also design diverse savings products tailored to
different customer needs, such as long-term deposits, youth savings
accounts, and flexible withdrawal options. In addition, cooperation
with government and educational institutions can help raise awareness about the importance of saving and using formal financial services.

Conclusion

Improving deposit mobilization policies is a critical task for
commercial banks in today’s competitive and dynamic financial
environment. A strong and stable deposit base enhances bank liquidity, reduces risks, and supports economic growth. By adopting modern technologies, customer-oriented strategies, and effective regulatory frameworks, banks can attract more deposits and contribute to the development of a resilient financial system.

In the long run, successful deposit mobilization will not only
strengthen individual banks but also promote financial stability and
sustainable economic development.

References

1. Mishkin, F. S. The Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets.

2. Gorton, G. Banking and Financial Intermediation.

3. World Bank Reports on Financial Sector Development.

4. International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications on banking stability.

5. Academic articles on deposit mobilization and banking performance.

Essay from Barnoxon Baxtiyorjon Yoqubova

Young Central Asian woman in a dark graduation cap and black coat standing in front of leafy trees.

Integration of Play and Arithmetic Activities in Preschool Education: Modernization of Curriculum and Pedagogical Practices

## Author Information

Barnoxon Baxtiyorjon Yoqubova — preschool education teacher and practical specialist in mental arithmetic. Research interests: attention development in children, cognitive growth, integration of play and arithmetic activities, and adaptation of pedagogical innovations to preschool education.

## Abstract

This article examines the integration of play and arithmetic activities in preschool education within the framework of curriculum modernization. The study is based on the author’s practical pedagogical experience and presents a step-by-step model that combines interactive play, arithmetic exercises, and attention development tasks. The approach aims to enhance cognitive competencies and readiness for primary education, reflecting both theoretical insights and innovative pedagogical practices.

Keywords: preschool education, curriculum modernization, play-based learning, arithmetic integration, cognitive development.

## Introduction

Modernization of preschool education involves updating teaching methods and curricular content to better support the development of children’s cognitive competencies. Integration of play and arithmetic activities provides an engaging way for children to develop attention, memory, and early numeracy skills.

## Theoretical Background

Play-based learning is widely recognized as an effective pedagogical strategy in early childhood education. Arithmetic exercises, when combined with play, enhance logical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Curriculum modernization allows these methods to be systematized into a coherent pedagogical framework.

## Methodology and Authorial Model

### Objectives:

* Integrate play and arithmetic activities into a structured curriculum.

* Promote cognitive and attention development in preschool children.

### Principles:

* Interactive and engaging learning experiences

* Step-by-step progression

* Adaptation to children’s age and developmental stage

* Integration of attention and arithmetic tasks

### Implementation Steps:

1. Initial attention and concentration exercises (5–10 minutes)

2. Simple arithmetic exercises integrated with play

3. Interactive game scenarios combining counting, role-play, and problem-solving

4. Reflection and reinforcement

### Expected Outcomes:

* Enhanced attention span and concentration

* Improved memory and logical thinking

* Development of basic numeracy skills

* Increased engagement and motivation

## Observations and Results

Application of this integrative approach in preschool settings showed measurable improvements in children’s attention, engagement, and early arithmetic skills. Teachers reported higher participation and enthusiasm during activities compared to conventional methods.

## Conclusion

The integrative model combining play and arithmetic activities provides an innovative and effective approach to preschool education modernization. It aligns theoretical knowledge with practical application, fostering cognitive and attentional development while preparing children for future learning.

## References

1. Vygotsky L.S. *Child Psychology and Pedagogical Theory*. Moscow: Pedagogika.

2. Piaget J. *The Intellectual Development of the Child*. Moscow: Progress.

3. Rubinshtein S.L. *Fundamentals of General Psychology*. Moscow.

4. Preschool Education Pedagogy. Textbook. Tashkent.

5. Author’s own pedagogical and practical experience.

## Plagiarism Statement

This article has been independently prepared by the author. The ideas, analyses, and conclusions presented are based on personal pedagogical experience and a review of general scientific literature. The text is original, has not been published elsewhere, and is free from plagiarism.

Yoqubova Barnoxon Baxtiyorjon qizi was born on June 2, 2002, in
Qo‘shtepa district of Fergana region. From 2020 to 2024, she studied
Preschool Education at Fergana State University. Since 2023, she has been working as a teacher at Preschool Educational Institution No. 28, where she has been contributing to the comprehensive development of children.

Essay from Michael Robinson

Middle aged Black man facing the camera with his face resting on his hand
Michael Robinson

Quote of the day by Leo Tolstoy: ‘Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself’

Dearest Family, 

I’ve sought God for as long I can remember. “You belong to God,” said my foster mother Dee. Therefore, I sought God. I came to recognize Him fully about three years ago, but I saw reminders of Him all my life. 

What I’m going to share at the start of this testimony is by all accounts, a miracle to everyone who witnessed it: On December 5th, 2024, I started dialysis. Doctors said my kidney function was at 10.3, which meant my kidney function had stopped and without dialysis I would die of renal failure in about three to five days. I’ve since learned that this would be a very painful death over those three to five days. I was given what is called a comfort package upon admission to hospice on October 20th, 2025. 

I had been on dialysis since December 5th, 2024. During those months, I regained my early sense of closeness with my Holy Father God. My earliest childhood memories involve sitting alone in Holy Redeemer Catholic Church. I sat and observed the votive candles burn, watching the candle on the altar that represented God’s presence. I walked the city street alone seeking God. Those streets were dangerous, dark, and frightening. Day after day, that turned into two decades on the edge of insanity. On many occasions I cried and prayed to God. Each tear stemmed from desperation and a sense of impending death, as I witnessed violence throughout those years. I witnessed dead people and the aftermath of shootings, and kids who had been hit by cars while lying in a pool of blood. There were many sights and sounds of suffering.  

However, God saw fit to deliver me after twenty-one years of this not life, but death. 

This deliverance was my first miracle, as some would say. 

In 1985 I had been married five years. My wife at the time joined the Navy and I had access to mental health counseling. My first mental health therapist called my wife after meeting me for one session and told my wife I was suicidal and homicidal and needed inpatient treatment. I spent the next three decades in and out of mental hospitals.  

Over those thirty years, each time I went in the hospital, there was a staff member within five feet of me to stop any attempts I might make to harm myself or someone else. I was placed in the seclusion room which was a padded room. I was put in five point restraints on many occasions. Additionally, there was Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) several times in those thirty years. There were countless sessions with therapists and psychiatrists along with group therapy. Yes, thirty plus years. 

The hardest part was being locked on a mental psych ward and away from nature. I recall my first inpatient experience. I watched the Woody Woodpecker cartoon. In my first encounter into what would span over thirty plus years there was a woodpecker outside my window. The bird’s company carried me through many years of being locked up.

I’d loved nature and will take a brief moment to share an early memory. I was about eight years old or so. I laid on the lawn of my elementary school. On the grass were grasshoppers with tiny legs and bug eyes. Most comforting were the lady bugs crawling up my arm. In the very depths of violence and darkness I escaped while lying in the grass observing the open skies. This was taken from me on these locked units. In addition, I watched the brightness of the moon with the backlights of the dark skies. There was an enormous round brightness and the glitter of a sky full of stars. So, even in the darkness of the inner-city there’s light in the night skies of DC. This did not exist on these locked units, where I lay down with those five point restraints or in that padded room, eating with plastic utensils. You see, in this inpatient confinement there was more darkness than on the violent streets of DC. 

I shall move on, my point is to share that God the Father gave me light from the beginning when I sat alone in the sanctuary of Holy Redeemer Catholic Church. 

Fast forward to December 6th, 2025. On October 18th 2025 I had prepared myself to die within three to five days with the full understanding that the medical community said I would die by seven to fourteen days. 

About two years ago I had open heart surgery and only took morphine about the first day or so. My focus and intent were on seeking God to be my only focus. Why wouldn’t I call out to my Heavenly Father? Twenty-one years I sought Him… Thirty plus years seeking Him. And a lifelong pursuit to find His Holy presence. You see, Dee told me that I belonged to God. Dee never lied to me and she never put restraints on me. I came and went with the guidance of the Holy Ghost, and although I didn’t know it at the time, I did know which streets to walk down and which to avoid. So, I had Dee’s trust and her faith that God watched over me and that God’s angels would protect me. 

Yes, I was ready, as a friend said many decades ago: Blow this popsicle stand.

A second moment with God was worth seven or fourteen days of pain not greater than open heart surgery without morphine.

Note: You see I knew God’s Holy Comforter all my life. I knew when I was frightened and when I had been beaten up. In the fourth grade a bigger kid would beat me literally to the ground each day after school. So. Yes I know about physical pain and anxiety over the sounds of gunfire every Saturday night. I knew the darkness that was in the hearts of adults since childhood, and I held onto the memory of the grasshoppers and ladybugs crawling on me. I held on the the peace and quietness of suffering as communion with God at eight years old. Yes, I only knew God. I only knew to talk to Him and listen, just as I did for these last thirteen weeks, sitting quietly as I did in childhood to be patient. He would answer me because He never failed nor forsook me.

This day, January 17th, l’ve gone thirteen weeks without dialysis. My blood chemistry reveals yesterday what Dr. Warren told me on January 16th, that my eGFR kidney function is now sixteen and there’s no need for dialysis. 

Closing testimony: I thought about how when someone is released from jail there’s parole and one must check in every so often. Then there’s a pardon which is complete forgiveness. Dr. Warren asked when I wanted to come in to see him.

However, I write this this early Saturday morning about the word pardon and forgiveness. Now I’ll share this thought: I pardon all who have harmed me because God the Holy Father has chosen me to be one of His Holy Messengers to share the Good News with all. In addition, He has brought me into His Holy Family and as Psalm 23, NIV, 23:5-6 says:

• 

Resources

• Hebrew/Greek

• Your Content

Psalm 23

New International Version

Psalm 23:1-6

A psalm of David.

1The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing.

   2 He makes me lie down in green pastures,

he leads me beside quiet waters,

3     he refreshes my soul.

He guides me along the right paths

    for his name’s sake.

4 Even though I walk

    through the darkest valley,

I will fear no evil,

    for you are with me;

your rod and your staff,

    they comfort me.

5 You prepare a table before me

    in the presence of my enemies.

You anoint my head with oil;

    my cup overflows.

6 Surely your goodness and love will follow me

    all the days of my life,

and I will dwell in the house of the Lord

    forever.

Michael a Devoted servant of the Lord for all eternity. 

Saturday January 17th 2026

5:47am

Essay from Mansurova Shahnoza

THE SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE VERB FAIRE

Samarqand davlat chet tillar instituti 

Roman German tillari fakulteti 

Filologiya va tillarni oʻqitish (fransuz)

2-kurs talabasi Mansurova Shahnoza 

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the semantic properties of the French verb faire and the causative function of the faire + infinitif construction. The study examines the polysemantic nature of the verb faire, its role as a complex predicate, and its role in expressing cause-and-effect relationships. The results show that the meaning of the verb faire is largely determined by context and that it is an important grammatical tool in French.

Keywords: faire, faire + infinitif, causative construction, polysemy, complex predicate, valence, French linguistics, grammaticalization, semantic analysis

INTRODUCTION 

The French verb faire is characterized by its wide range of uses and its polysemantic nature. It represents work – action, while also expressing cause – effect relationships, and is considered an important grammatical tool in French, forming complex predicates and participating in many phraseological units. The Faire+ infinitive construction plays a crucial role in expressing causativity, and this construction involves a change in valence and a redistribution of actants. This article analyzes the main semantic features of the verb faire and its grammatical functions in French.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 

The semantics of a verb includes the semantic characteristics of the actions, states, and processes expressed by the verb. The main semantic feature of a verb is the meaning of action. In grammar, the meaning of action is widely understood. It represents not only physical action, but also state, mental change, biological process and existence. For example, verbs like venir, marcher indicate a real action, se tenir debout, se réveiller indicate a state, s’inquiéter, étonner indicate a mental (psychological) process, and fleurir, grandir indicate a biological process.

The common aspect of the verb is that all actions, states, and processes occur in relation to time. Therefore, the verb is a dynamic semantic unit. The meaning of the verb is related to the appearance, development or change of a certain sign, which is the main factor that distinguishes it from other parts of speech.

One of the most commonly used verbs in French is faire, which has several unique aspects. The French verb faire comes from the verb faire, meaning “to do” or “to make,” and is synonymous with about 30 French verbs. In this context, the verb faire is a very active verb in French. However, the verb faire is also used in French in all tenses and with linguistic devices.

An experiment was conducted to purchase a complex predicate for 71 children who were French-speaking speakers and 17 native-speaking adults. The children were divided into three age groups: 1) 25 children aged 3 to 4 years; 2) 21 children aged 4 to 5 years; 3) 25 children aged 5 to 6 years. Adults (managers and workers) have different extremes.

The selection of target verbs for our study was not arbitrary. This is conditioned by two main factors: 1/ the syntactic and semantic properties of verbs; 2/ the frequency of occurrence in verbal dummy constructions. Thus, we selected the following verbs:

1) intransitives wait and gather (agent inergatives); dance (action inergative) and drop (position shift) (Perlmutter’s Incuzative hypothesis, 1978, Levin and Rappaport, 1995), in which case we see whether our target children destroy the causative verb. to do (e.g.: sarute, go to drink my baby, I will dance my cat, ef. Sarkar, 2002:191).

REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

the Faire + Vinf construction is analyzed as a complex predicate (Gaatone, 1976). In this structure, the verb faire serves as a causative (causative) auxiliary verb and carries grammatical information about tense, aspect and declension (TAM).

According to Tesnière (1969), the introduction of the verb faire expands the valence of the infinitive verb by one new actant — the causer (causateur). At the same time, the initial subject may be excluded from its primary syntactic position and occupy various syntactic positions: direct complement (objet), indirect complement (datif), or other indirect form (oblique).

Dixon (2000) and Novakova (2002) classify causative mechanisms from the most compact forms (synthetic, morphological, lexical) to the least compact forms (periphrastic constructions). In this classification, the faire + Vinf construction is placed between synthetic and analytic structures, that is, at an intermediate level.

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

The verb faire as a polysemantic verb

The verb faire is used in different semantic fields and its meaning changes depending on the context. For example, faire un travail means to do a job, while faire un gâteau means to create and prepare a cake. This is an example of the polysemantic nature of the verb faire. 

Meaning of action and activity

We often use the verb faire to express general actions and activities in everyday life, such as faire ses devoirs, faire du sport, faire le point. In this sentence, the verb expresses a general action, not a specific action.

Causative (causal) meaning

One of the important semantic features of the verb faire is its use in causative constructions. The form faire + infinitif expresses the causation of an action to be performed by one person through another. For example: Il fait réparer sa voiture. Here, the person who is directly performing the action is another person.

Grammaticalized faire 

Sometimes the verb faire loses its basic lexical meaning and acquires a grammatical meaning.For example, in compounds such as faire attention, faire partie de, the verb has a weakened independent meaning and provides the semantic integrity of the entire phrase.

Faire in phraseological units

We can also find the verb faire in many phraseological units: faire la tête, faire semblant, faire attention à. In these conjugations, the meaning of the verb is determined through a complete context and phrase.

The results of the analysis showed that the verb faire is one of the most active and multifunctional verbs in French. Its semantic possibilities are strongly dependent on context, providing economy and universality in speech.

CONCLUSION 

This study has shed light on the semantic and grammatical properties of the French verb faire. The analysis showed that the polysemantic nature of the verb faire means that it can have different meanings in different contexts. In particular, the cause-and-effect relationship is expressed through the faire + infinitif construction, and this structure is characterized by the expansion of valence and the redistribution of actants. Also, the active participation of the verb faire in grammaticalized forms and phraseological units confirms its central functional role in French. 

REFERENCES USED

1. Bezinaka, Y. (2010). Laboratoire LIDILEM, Université de Grenoble. Email: yanabezón@yahoo.fr

2. Chevrot, J.-P. (2010). Laboratoire LIDILEM, Université de Grenoble. Email: jpchevrot@wanadoo.fr

3. Gaatone, D. (1976). Le factitif en français. Langue française, 29, 45–62.

4. Grevisse, M., & Goosse, A. (2016). Le Bon Usage: Grammaire française (16e éd.). De Boeck Supérieur.

5. Nardy, A. (2010). Laboratoire LIDILEM, Université de Grenoble. Email: aurelie.nardy@u-grenoble.fr

6. Neves, F., Muni Toke, V., Durand, J., Klinger, T., Mandada, I., & Prévost, S. (2010). L’acquisition de faire + Vinf en français: Production, compréhension, imitation. In Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française (CMLF 2010). Institut de Linguistique Française. https://doi.org/10.1051/cm2010227

7. Novakova, I. (2010). Laboratoire LIDILEM, Université de Grenoble. Email: inovakova@yahoo.fr

8. Nuritdinov, N. S. (2024). Fransuz tilidagi faire fe’lining ishlatilishi, uning sinonimlik xususiyatlari va o’zbek tilidagi tarjima variantlari [Usage of the verb faire in French, its synonym characteristics and translation options in Uzbek]. Ta’lim va innovatsion tadqiqotlar.

9. Sulaymonova, M. O. (2021). Fe’l so’z turkumi va uning leksik-semantik tasnifi [Verb system and its lexico-semantic classification]. Oriental Art and Culture Scientific-Methodical Journal, (6), 1–?. ISSN 2181-063X.

Story from Bill Tope

Lincoln Park Assault

Aliicia Menendez stood on the corner, near the ivy-covered mansion designed by James Nagle; she was waiting for her bus. She casually glanced down North Burling Street and noticed a gang of men staring at her. There were at least a dozen. Alicia did a double take. They were done up in military gear and their face coverings and gasmasks gave them the aspect of a swarm of six foot, 200-lb. insects. One of them pointed at her. They all wore coats emblazed across the back with ICE.

Uneasy, she began to drift from the bus stop. She looked again and they were moving, en masse, in her direction. Dropping her packages and clutching her purse, she took flight, in the direction of the intersection of West Armitage Avenue and North Halsted Street. She was wearing low heels and couldn’t make good time.

She fled for about half a city block before the big bugs caught up with her. Someone reached out and grabbed her arm, twisted it behind her back. Alicia cried out in pain.

“Get her ass on the ground,” one man barked gruffly and she was thrown to the pavement. Her hose shredded, her skirt tore. Her other arm was twisted behind her and twist ties affixed about her wrists.

“I got her purse,” said one of the men, turning up her handbag. “Alicia Menendez,” he muttered aloud. “She ain’t from Chicago.”

“Okay, Alicia Menendez,” purred a man, mocking her, “where’s you effing green card. Where are your documents, Beaner? You ain’t got ’em, do you?” he asked smartly.”

“I’m a citizen,” she wailed shrilly, then began to sob.

By this time, a crowd had begun to gather: Hispanics, Anglos, African Americans, a mixed-bag. They began to edge closer.

“Stand the fuck back!” shouted the presumptive leader. “This is official ICE business. You got no business here. Disperse or be detained.”

“You got a warrant?” asked a high-pitched voice. A woman. The crowd began rumbling angrily. The thugs of ICE looked uneasy.

“Like this lady said,” said a dark-suited man, “do you have a warrant?”

“What the hell are you?” asked the leader of ICE. “A goddamn lawyer?”

“I’m an immigration attorney,” replied the other man.

“This is a perfectly legal warrantless arrest, Esquire,” said the man bitingly. “You just carry your ass on out of here, while you can still walk.”

“What’s your reasonable suspicion?” asked the lawyer. “Warrantless arrests are only valid with probable cause or its equivalent.”

“She ran,” pointed out the head thug heavily.

“Because you ran after her,” the lawyer reminded her.

“If she wasn’t guilty, then why did she run?” ask the man, boldly putting his foot on the back of the prone Alicia.

“You men are all strangers to her. You’re heavily armed. You’re wearing masks. I saw the whole thing. You didn’t identify yourself as agents.”

Before the man could respond, one of his minions said, “Eh, Mike, this lady is a U.S. citizen.”

“Huh? And how do you know that?”

“Passport,” replied the other man, holding it out for Mike’s inspection.

Without another word, Mike bent and cut Alicia’s bonds. Then, as if on cue, two black SUVs rumbled up and, still without a word, the men climbed aboard. The vehicles sped away.

The attorney knelt and helped Alicia to her feet. “Anything I can do for you, ma’am?” he asked kindly.

“Wh…what happened?” she asked in a bewildered voice. “I’m a stranger to Chicago,” she explained. “I’m from Milwaukee.”