TOSHKENT GUMANITAR FANLAR UNIVERSITETI
2-BOSQICH TALABASI
SOBIROVA IRODA ABDULAZIZ QIZI

THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPROVING ECONOMIC LITERACY AMONG YOUTH

ANNOTATION / ANNOTATSIYA / АННОТАЦИЯ

English: This article discusses the importance of improving economic literacy among young people, the role of economic education in society, and the development of financial thinking among students. Economic knowledge helps young people become active participants in the modern economy.

O‘zbekcha: Ushbu maqolada yoshlarning iqtisodiy savodxonligini oshirishning ahamiyati,
iqtisodiy bilimlarning jamiyat taraqqiyotidagi o‘rni hamda talabalarda moliyaviy tafakkurni rivojlantirish masalalari yoritilgan.

Русский: В данной статье рассматривается значение повышения экономической грамотности молодежи,
роль экономических знаний в развитии общества и формирование финансового мышления у студентов.

Keywords: economy, economic literacy, youth, entrepreneurship, financial knowledge, development.

Introduction

In the modern world, economic knowledge has become one of the most important factors for personal and social development.
Young people play a significant role in the future of every country. Therefore, improving economic literacy among youth is an essential task for educational institutions and society.
Economic literacy means understanding financial systems, managing personal budgets, making rational economic decisions, and participating actively in economic life.

Today’s global economy requires individuals who are capable of adapting to rapid technological and financial changes.
Young people with economic knowledge can better understand market relations, entrepreneurship, investment opportunities, and financial planning.
This helps them become more independent and responsible members of society.

The Role of Economic Literacy

Economic literacy is important not only for personal success but also for national development.
Economically educated citizens contribute to the stability and growth of the country’s economy.
They are more likely to start businesses, create jobs, and participate in innovative projects.

Young people who understand economic principles are able to make informed decisions about spending, saving, and investing money.
This reduces financial problems and improves living standards.
Economic literacy also teaches responsibility, discipline, and strategic thinking.

In many countries, governments and universities organize seminars, training courses, and educational programs to improve economic awareness among students.
Such initiatives encourage creativity and entrepreneurial thinking.

Economic Education in Universities

Higher education institutions play a major role in developing students’ economic knowledge.
Universities provide theoretical and practical skills related to economics, business, marketing, and management.
Students gain opportunities to participate in scientific conferences, research projects, and innovation programs.

Modern universities also focus on digital economy and information technologies.
Digital banking, online business, and financial technologies have become essential parts of modern economic systems.
As a result, students need to understand not only traditional economics but also modern technological trends.

Teachers and scientific supervisors help students improve analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
Research activities motivate young people to contribute to science and society.

Youth and Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is one of the most important directions for youth development.
Young entrepreneurs create new businesses, generate employment opportunities, and support economic growth.
Economic literacy helps young people understand risks and opportunities in business activities.

In Uzbekistan, special attention is being paid to supporting youth entrepreneurship.
Government programs, grants, and educational initiatives provide young people with opportunities to realize their business ideas.
Universities also organize startup competitions and innovation forums to encourage students.

Entrepreneurship develops leadership qualities, communication skills, and creativity.
These abilities are important for achieving success in both personal and professional life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, improving economic literacy among youth is essential for the future development of society.
Economically educated young people are capable of making effective decisions, creating innovative ideas, and contributing to national prosperity.
Universities and educational institutions should continue organizing scientific and educational programs to support talented students.

The future of every nation depends on educated, active, and responsible youth.
Therefore, increasing economic knowledge among young people should remain one of the main priorities of society.
References:
1. Principles of Economics – Gregory Mankiw.
2. Economic Theory textbooks.
3. Scientific articles on youth economic literacy.
4. Official economic development programs of Uzbekistan.

This morning, I bring forth the epitaph to be crafted on my forehead, bury me

I do not owe the air the right to take a breath and breathe out toxic words lined up on a queue for slaughter 

one time or the other, I realized that I had dipped my finger in guilt and licked its broth, well-seasoned with my father’s alarm reminding me of my dynamic surname pulled out of the house built for nameless babies

father wraps guilt like a scarf around my neck choking my lungs from revisiting freedom. it urged me to die, die and die again

don’t resurrect on the third day if you are a woman

bury yourself 

I die because everyone dies to me in the bid to open up the shadow of a new god

I die because father clocked 60 and 60 times I remember the death of the sun

I die because I lose my broth of guilt. 

I die because I am a shameless woman 

I die because the queue for slaughter ends with my throat 

 I die never to resurrect on day 3

do bury me 

Jesse Emmanuella Pheebemi (Hassana)

The Magician Wears a Hat

The magician, who cut off a rhinoceros’s horn and wore it on his head,

Borrowed a penguin’s wings to caress the texture of a green apple.

Click, he opens the door to the heart and steps inside.

Cut in half the time you have experienced and tap on its flank.

Dress each and every seed with imagination.

Lift the shade, as if invisible hours are opening their eyes one by one.

Pay heed to the mesmerizing silhouette from behind, and the tears in between.

The desert wind blows in, carving away the walls of the mind.

An occasional, unexpected intent—the hunger grows desperate.

Causing a stir at the center of life, the fallen apple’s shoulders tremble.

The magician secretly, stealthily covets

Dali’s art book hidden inside his hat.

On days when his neck stiffens from trying to soothe colliding tendons,

He stands Gala from the drawer upon a plate.

Shall we stir the hardening spring water with the rhinoceros’s horn?

Shall we borrow the magician’s hat and wear it for just ten months?

Who knows? On the first day of the New Year, in a major daily newspaper,

We might just read the smile of a ripe, red apple.

마술사는 모자를 쓰고

연명지

코뿔소의 뿔을 잘라 머리에 쓴 마술사

펭귄의 날개를 빌려와 풋 사과의 결을 매만지다

딸깍, 심장의 문을 열고 들어가

경험한 시간의 반을 잘라 측면을 두드려보세요

씨앗 하나 하나에 상상력을 입혀주세요

보이지 않는 시간이 하나 둘 눈 뜨듯이 그늘을 들어 올리세요

매혹적인 뒷태와 사이의 눈물에 유념하세요

사막의 바람이 불어와 마음의 벽을 깎아낸다

간간이 허를 찌르는 의도, 허기가 간절해진다

삶의 중심에서 소동을 부리다 떨어진 사과의 어깨가 떨린다

마술사는 몰래몰래 모자안에 숨겨논

달리의 화집에 눈독을 들여요

충돌하는 힘줄들을 말리느라 뒷골이 당기는 날에는

서랍 속 갈라를 접시위에 세우지요

코뿔소의 뿔로 굳어가는 샘물을 저어볼까요

마술사의 모자를 빌려와 열 달만 써볼까요

혹시 알아요 신년 첫날 중앙 일간지에

빨갛게 익은 사과의 미소를 읽을 수도

Profile

Poet Yeon Myeong-ji began her literary career in 2013 with the poetry collection 『Gashibi』, published in the Minerva Poetry Series.

Her published works include the poetry collections 『Sitting Like an Apple』 and 『Where would the House of the Sorry’ be? 』 the e-poetry collection 『Seventeen Marco Polos,』 and the travel essay 『Step by Step, Walking the Camino.』

She has received the Tolstoy Literary Award, the Homi Literary Award, the Cheongsong Gaekju Literary Award, and the Aviation Literary Award. In 2025, she was awarded the Bronze Prize in Poetry at the Literature Asia Awards.

Her poems have been translated and published in local languages in India, Pakistan, Kosovo, Italy, Egypt, the United States, and Belgium, Greece, UK, and Iraq.

Hello, I wanted to share an idea with you: heat recovery from a fireplace.

When one heats a house, an apartment, or any living space with a fire in a fireplace or stove, heat is emitted and radiates around it, warming the room where the fire is located.

The idea I am presenting is that by recovering the hot air from the combustion in pipes, this hot air, then circulated through a system of pipes around the living space and out of the room, can carry the heat. This heat, radiating from the pipes themselves, will spread around them and be able to heat the entire space, or at least a portion of it, beyond the room where the initial fire was located.

Several applications of this idea are possible. First, it is important to avoid capturing combustion fumes and catch only the hot air. This can be achieved by carefully positioning the hot air intakes and using a filter, for example. Next, the heating system’s circulation pipes must be made of a suitable material, such as a heat-conducting metal like lightweight aluminum, to maximize the system’s performance. Finally, the hot air, being naturally mobile, must be directed either to a cooler outside outlet or, potentially, to a storage system, as properly conditioned hot air is known to retain heat well.

In the installation of these two, hot air outlet and storage systems, I believe a small turbine, either propeller-driven or powered by a dynamo, could be installed. With the right equipment, this could generate a small amount of domestic electricity. In the case of a domestic dwelling, having a stock of hot air will easily serve, if installed for this purpose, to heat water for the inhabitants’ use.

Thus, by recovering heat in the truest sense of the word, we can save firewood, firstly to improve our living conditions, and secondly, we can see it as a potential source of responsible electricity and hot water!

We could easily imagine this system on the scale of an entire building, or even a group of houses…

You’ll probably need to be a bit handy or a “DIYer” to install such a network of pipes, but I think it’s within reach of many people around the world.

And having already seen it installed at a friend’s house who followed my advice, I can guarantee you it’s remarkably efficient!

nature
it accelerates when awakened with its drive and mystery
of the vibe devoted to the sources
of the bloom
childhood memories have never grasped
how comprehensive are the terms
the scents
fully gathered in the calls
praising the magnitude of the colors scents
and the shapes of nature
it attracts with its majestic ductility
eternally

to the Word

to the Word the land is married
and shows the fruit of otherhood
of the only “I”

encrypted by the poetic transcendence
the divine in the Eden’s mirror
awakened the memory

of the real woman’s face

the possessed Phidias’s eye
braided the admiration plait towards her
nature girded between her hips

Marathon

you are perusing the old books
incessantly
nagged by the multitude
of relentless suggestions
searching for the shape of being
not melting away in the stream
of disordered impressions
you notice the stem of chaos
in resisting thoughts
you have dived into the net
of exquisite terms
dangling questions
looking back
you cannot surpass what’s native
the identicality is forever gone
you have found your Ithaca
even though it does not bring
the Ulisess’s voice

verba*

dancing the words
in the Babel tower with virality peak

Logos sprinkled with opulence
touched with symbolic kisses

in a slice of fresh baked bread
recalled with taste

between the banks of Styx
ignited by doubt

regardless of the season weaved
lushly in its forms

a poetic word is the only necros
for the quietus of mine

verba* – latin for “words”

Beauty

The yearning for the secret beauty
wandering the enlightened road,
is something of an eternal question.

Viewing things from newer and newer
perspective, which is its reflection

full of harmony.

Experiencing the phenomena of much bigger importance
than just some fleeting sensations
so as to touch the ecstasy.

The truer it is, the closer to eternity.

Jakub Sajkowski (1985) – Polish poet and translator, author of five poetry volumes. He translated poems to and from English, and also from Russian, Mandarin Chinese, Ukrainian and Belarussian. Translated to Slovenian and English.

The home, I wanted to build

You were the lesson I never wanted to learn,  

A dream I never wanted to wake up from,  

A ladder I never wanted to climb,  

A passing cloud I never wanted to wave at,  

A sunset I never wanted to drown with,  

A road I never wanted to look back on,  

A heartache I never wanted to endure.

Yet,

You were the home I wanted to build,  

The starry sky I wanted to gaze at all night,  

Clay I wanted to mold,  

The dawn I never wanted to miss,  

The spring where I wanted to plant flowers,  

The port I wanted to reach,  

The cage I never wanted to leave.

Write short mail to them about this

Fiza Amir is a fourth-year medical student based in Pakistan, currently serving as the Vice President of her university’s Writing Society. She has worked as an Editorial Associate and contributing author for her university’s upcoming student-run magazine. Her recent short story, “The Child Bride’s Doll,” was published in The Wise Owl.

A Living Canvas

It just occurred to me,

Life is a living canvas.

Paint your colourful emotions

Brilliantly!

Hermits And Answers

I quit taking the Medication

because it was stifling

the fantastic explosions 

inside my head.

There are now rumbling 

bass strings playing 

when I leopard-stalk 

down the street.

Manic gives the colours 

deeper understanding,

and patterns run the surface 

of almost everything.

Top hats were constructed 

for moods not occasion.

Audio hallucinations 

soundtrack abstract days…

and the shadows 

have minds of their own.

I stopped talking 

to that woman 

for no good reason,

it troubles her enough to frown…

she just reminds me 

of how I used to be,

and I’m far too much 

the fractured gentleman 

to explain.

I’m really not trying 

to annoy you,

merely get around you,

but your questions 

are blocking the way.

I’m not allowed 

to say that anymore…

there is nothing more offensive 

than the truth,

except maybe lies 

told with obvious insincerity. 

Hermits have all the answers,

but are coded 

to keep them to themselves…

some call that selfishness,

whilst I see only wisdom there.

Pastel Pockets Of Warmth

Deep inside her pastel pockets of warmth

I relax into foetal position,

rocking to and fro

contentedly,

rainbow coloured

and teardrop-shaped.

Nerve ends a-tingling and a-buzzing

a soft, humming symphony

of delicate hibernation.

Safe from the purple and black fray,

invasive thoughts and memories

kept in check

by her careful heartstring pulling.

Soul thumb sucking sighs, 

regressing back to neutral, 

a stripping away and cleansing

of the day-to-day unnecessaries.

Life’s batteries on full charge,

mind and action of limb on subtle standby.

I win another soft victory

with each precious moment not tampered with.

My water levels rise again

as to the universal buoyancy I reconnect

to suckle slowly at the nipples core

of an energy which lies

under the curtain hem of understanding.

A Rusty Butterfly

I saw this little butterfly the other day, 

it was so beautiful 

that I just had to stop and watch it 

until it flittered out of view.

It was a kind of powdery white, 

only not a thin, fragile sort,

but a thick, healthy kind, 

and it had rust coloured wings.

I’m serious,

I’ve never seen anything quite like it, 

it was perfectly white (almost too perfect) 

until halfway along the wings 

(that’s right, about there, yeah) 

and then it was a lovely orange, 

rusty colour… 

it was indeed magnificent.

I never thought rust was beautiful before, 

but the next time I see some 

I’m going to stop and venture a look,

and damn it, 

I might well discover something special.

And all because of that little butterfly 

which danced along the grassy verge 

of a busy city street, 

while everyone else refused,

or was too busy, 

to acknowledge its existence, except me.

That Then Led To This Now

A thousand feather-tips

tickling my Soul’s edges, silly.

Contentedness 

almost like drunkenness,

in from the cold 

and stamping my feet

enthusiastically 

upon the welcome

doormat of home.

An appetite fit for a King

and a Head and Heart

filled with a love

almost to the point of bursting.

Taxidermy Bride

In the cobwebbed shadows

of his long hallway

he sat nervously waiting

upon the partially broken

bottom 3^rd stair step.

A whistling excitement 

stirred up the dusty leaves

of his delicate, ornate mind.

As he peered downwards

at the Taxidermist’s card

beheld betwixt 

his porcelain slender fingers.

And read quietly to himself

‘Your parcel will be

delivered both promptly

and exactly at one and a half

minutes after 6 o’clock

of the evening’.

He gulped down wonder

and smiled deeply

with his eyes only.

As the grandfather clock

not quite 4ft away

struck the 6^th hour

and he heard the grind 

and clatter of his garden gate

yawning open in the distance.

He rose shakily,

and walked towards 

the front door,

each footfall a step further

away from Bachelor.

Rise!

When the self-proclaimed opposition idiot-grin

blindly in falsely supposed victories.

Nothing has your ‘Back’

except either the ‘Rock’ or ‘Hard Place’.

The cowardly gossips cluck

together with whip-cracking tongues.

And the morning’s become 

a solitary obstacle course

of both ‘Mountains’ and ‘Molehills’

to traverse and overcome.

Find Strength in your own Tenacity,

focus ‘Long View/Big Picture’

at the treacherous path ahead.

To Earn and Learn from those Battle Scars

you’ve got to bleed some.

There’s no permanent ruin

in ‘Mistakes Made’, ‘Temporary Failures’

and ‘Wrong Decisions Taken’.

They are merely a Platform 

to receive ‘Lessons Learnt’

and Shine your way through ‘Thick and Thin’.

It’s your Soul’s Determination, Fight 

and Uniqueness that those herds of sheep

are upset and intimidated by…

Ignore their petty, mocking bleats of envy,

Spring your Confident Step and Walk to Win.

Paul Tristram is a widely published Welsh writer. He yearns to tattoo porcelain bridesmaids instead of digging empty graves for innocence at midnight; this too may pass, yet.

His novel “Crazy Like Emotion” is published by Close To The Bone. Short story collection “Kicking Back Drunk ‘Round The Candletree Graves”, and full-length poetry collections “It Is Big And It Is Clever”, “South Wales Outlaw”, “The Gutter Symposium”, “The Dark Side Of British Poetry” and “Uncivil Disobedience Is My Forte” are all published by Hunsbury Press.