Essay from Mantri Pragada Markendeleyu

CHOISM

(Article with few examples)

By

Dr. Mantri Pragada Markandeyulu, Litt.D.,

(eMail: mrkndyl@gmail.com)

+91-9951038802

Hyderabad (Telangana state) India.

Quotes using swimming in the sea as metaphors

In future, more and more articles on choism could be separately, each item post, written and posted.  This choism article is only an article, to begin with, because people/readers should be able to understand what is what about choism.

Respect, Value, and Honor are the assets of an educated person. So, be educated and principled. Time is yours.

Choism in other words, the following, I think could be appropriate.

C = Culture, Arts, Painting and Sculpture

H = Harmony, Hospitality, Hygienic and Hopefulness

O = Optimistic, Open Minded, Opportunity, and Obedience

I = Integrity, Inter-action, Influence and Informal

S = Synchronize, Sanctity, Supportive and Submissive

M = Management, Morality, Meaningful and Methodology

To start with a small note like an article, we can discuss, in a phased manner, all the things connected with choism i.e., of course a one’s choice of thinking, frame-of-mind and the mind wavelength as per the geographic and environmental living conditions pertaining to the respective country people, their culture, education, living conditions, economic condition, political environment, trade and business, agriculture, arts, science and technology, research and development, industry, entertainment, and more than all, constitutional frame-work and its updates from time to time in this 21st Century. Of course, these could be discussed through an expression of an art or a tool or a symbol, through which one can express their opinion or can develop through various ideologies, one can opine. As everybody knew well, that the Artificial intelligence (AI) is take a good shape in this 21st Century, as an advanced tool, where one can get much more content developed than a human-mind.  But, only human-mind can develop much more content through an image or art or a photo-like-drawing, in many fields and branches, as mentioned above.

This choism covers wide range of fields, to say, unending fields in this world countries, where one can express his mind thoughts clearly based on an art or a photo or a painting etc. 

Through choism, each and every person can get educated, understand, and know about various aspects of things going on in this world. To be precise, this is only the beginning of the choism. Many people in this world, are uneducated, unemployed, poor and have no shelter, food and cloths even. Below average poverty line-based countries are more. Many people reside in rural areas, Thanda’s and in remote forest areas, as many live in tribal areas. Most people in these backward areas does not know how to read, write.  The choism, if becomes known-well and popular as like Artificial Intelligence (AI, as every educator knew well, the choism in the visual form of art, painting or drawing or through an image could well be understood by a tribal or a person living in the remote and forest areas. To say for example, as an author, I will give an example, to make you more understand what the choism is.

Horse tied to a small plastic chair.

If habituated to slavery, we forget our own strength.

Everybody is able to understand the content by seeing this photo. One should not forget our own strength. One should not feel degraded. One should be able to develop more content under this choism. Many articles could be generated, as per one’s own thoughts generated from the mind, from time to time. The mind thoughts generate each day new one as per the prevailing environmental situations.

Ideas depend upon the geographical conditions, living conditions, working conditions, etc.  Each individual could be able to generate good content and make good stories and make articles based on this photo choism.

Another example is here:

Water tap diverted by wealthy people to give them lots to swim in while the poor line up with empty buckets

By seeing this photo, most people immediately get understand the situation. Poor people and unaffordable people suffer due to scarcity of water.  Whereas, the big people and influential people use the water lavishly and waste the water.  In this case, each government should have few good reforms regarding the utility of drinking water.  All the people in this globe should have water facility made available. This photo can make more people to write many articles, stories and get some constitutional reforms too amended from time to time. The choism could be expressed in this art form too.

Another example could make one understand what the choism means.

Variety of farm animals gathered around a barn. Cow, donkey, pig, duck, rooster.

This choism photo everybody is able to identify, as animals.  People should be able to generate articles and stories based on these animal Photos. In a way photo contents make all people alert to create new stories. Even the Governments also should be able bring out many reforms in preserving the animal’s safety.

Another example here one can find:

Various people climbing a tree and cutting off the branches that support each other.

I think, as an author, I need not explain details about this photo.  Readers of this article only will be able to identify what this photo stands for and meant for.  Even people will be able to generate articles, stories on this photo.  This is, in one-way choism photo.  This is not AI but choism.

Another small example is here:

Old man with a coat and cane feeding birds.

People should be able to understand and know what this photo is for.  Various governments should be able to bring out good reforms to safeguard the birds and animals. Constitutional changes are to brought for preserving the soft animals, birds, and wild animals. Choism means, now, people and readers shall be in a position to understand and bring out various changes in the society to enable people to safeguard and preserve these birds and animals.

This is another example of old people.

Elderly couple in simple white outfits holding hands.

By seeing this photo, the Government and the NGOs should come forward to change the reforms to support and help old age people.  To this many governments are needed to change the constitutional reforms to suit to the prevailing situations. This will make all unaffordable and aged people to live on this peacefully without any trouble and hindrance. Choism here works out through the photo art.

Do you know what this photo is reads for:

Two skeleton x-ray images, one with a cigarette

This photo of choism indicates what? I think, by this time people and readers would have understood.  This is” Cigarette Smoking is Injurious to Health”. There should be a change in the society and in the people. Even for this, all the Governments should make few Constitutional changes in the existing reforms, regarding publicity, advertisement etc. Even in movie theatres and TVs, government should be in a position to order for publicity releases of advertisements like this.  This is 21st Century. If the things are not controlled, the future generations would suffer.

To suit to the needs of the various Government Departments in any government, Constitutional Reforms are to be changed or amended in this 21st Century. Old framed Constitutional Reforms are to be updated, as the entire Science & Technology has vastly developed. This could be explained through the art of choism which is also good compared to AI. Because, the human beings’ brain will work buy seeing the photos. People by seeing few photos, paintings, culture, sculptures, can generate their new ideas instead of fully relying on Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Another important example.

Wealthy servers in a restaurant bringing piles of money to a soldier with a machine gun and sword with "WAR" written on his back. Other tables with diners labeled The Arts and Healthcare have empty plates.

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR GOVERNANCE

VISION ON HIGHER EDUCATION 

Education System Needs Sophisticated Polishing and Professional Approach and Outlook

Engineering, Computer Sciences, Management, Bio-Medical, Bio-Technology, And Other AICTE Courses Including Various Diploma Courses Needs Professionalized Coaching with Facilities/Infrastructure and Expertise Faculty, Which Is at Present Just Average.

Now-a-days Education System needs to be revamped.  The Admission Process to various UG Technical and PG Technical courses, including Management and other professional courses of Council for Technical Education (CTE)

Engineering, Computer Sciences, Management, Bio-Medical, Bio-Technology, And Other AICTE Courses Including Various Diploma Courses Needs Professionalized Coaching with Facilities/Infrastructure and Expertise Faculty, Which Is at Present Just Average.

VISION ON HIGHER EDUCATION:

Large university building surrounded by palm trees and a sculpture.

UNIVERSITY BRANCH AT DISTRICTS

As like Gram Secretariat set up in each District, why can’t all the Universities to have a Branch in each District of each State? This will increase literacy standards & establish good Governance and Administration.

All universities to have a Tie-up/MoU with global universities for facilitating students to go in for higher education, both regular and distance mode education. This is for those students who aspire and opt for such studies.

All the universities to have a Tie-up/MoU with various governments globally for job guaranteed arrangements with corporate institutions under need a special job visa program. This is for all the World Countries. 

All the Universities in India to enlist all the global corporates for job provision.

All the technical managements and other professional colleges affiliated to all the universities in India have to follow strict guidelines as stipulated by the concerned technical boards/medical council/pharmacy council/Management board etc.

To strengthen libraries and encourage use of digital resources.

To concentrate on health of the students by preparing ‘health profile’.

To develop a nutritional need of students in each State in coordination with Colleges/Universities. 

To include Yoga mat in the curriculum.

To encourage ‘Research & Development activities and prepare a “data bank” of research papers and activities being undertaken by each university in each State.

The need to develop non-existent courses.

To undertake improvements in making the teaching-learning process more interesting and stress-free for students.

To grow the role of technology and professional courses in all the Universities in the Country, including Deemed Universities, just be tapped to encourage more women to take up the course and also contribute to economic growth.

To explore and expedite the provision of study opportunities to NRIs, so as to tap the large revenue potential to meet growth plans.

To provide the concept of “Academic Social Responsibility” (ASR), so that the schemes of the Central and State Governments might be effectively implemented and monitored by educated people.

Universities/Colleges to encourage outstanding students in the real Research & Development activities, through submission of research papers for considering for special certificates as Motivation, which can make such students gain an edge over other students when competing for professional higher courses/job-oriented courses/jobs. 

Each University to have its branches established in each District to facilitate students to have regular touch with the university for their works.

As like Gram Secretariat is set up in each district, why can’t all the universities to have a branch in each district of each State, as this will facilitate students to have rapport with their respective University. Also, there will be good Governance and Administration from the Universities.

Placement Cells at all the Universities/Colleges to be made to work more effectively, as 90% of the students looks to be average happy. These Placement Cells to be inspected by concerned University nominated teams incessantly.

Commerce and Accounts students to be provided equal opportunity to have skill developments through practical training, as like MBA and Engineering students. 

Provision of Centre-State Funds support to employees’ higher job-related courses through employer with minimum norms.

To introduce E-commerce courses in all the Universities as a regular academic curriculum.

Obsolete and out-dated Courses which are of no use to students are to be discarded forthwith. 

Professional courses to have uniform academic curriculum all over the Country. 

Each District to have Centre-State sponsored professional job-oriented training institutions run by the government, if need arise. Private Coaching Centre Managements to be sub-contracted for this purpose.

These are only a few examples of choism. People to know what is what. People all over the world should be able to know about the choism, i.e., art, culture, photo, paintings, sculpture, music and dance, education, economics, agriculture, science and technology, trade and business, information technology, software industry and Public and Private Sector Industries.

Moon with craters out against a cloudy sky. Red text reads "Conflict World."

Most people should be able to generate content based on these, to some extent, at least children and youth should be able to understand the choism.

CONFLICT WORLD

What I Thought, This World Today

Is Not That World, I Expected?

Reigns of Rulers, Years Rolled

Rules Gone, Dictators Era ǁ

Combats Still in Vogue

No Day without a Conflict

Wars Became Order of The Day

Inter-Country Combats seen often ǁ

No Day Left for Intra-Party Conflicts

World Watches Ongoing Combats

Who Support Whom for Sanctions?

World War, A Day Is Not Far ǁ

War Like Conflicts seen often

People die for Power Rule

Value to Life, No Country Gives

War Can Lead to Casualties ǁ

People Gave Power, Rulers to Rule

People expected Peaceful Environment

People’s Ambition, Enact the Rule

Peoples Aspirations, Hope to Be Good ǁ

Misunderstandings are often seen

Who is not great, it’s everybody great?

All countries are great, countrymen feel so

Dangers seen with terrorism strikes ǁ

People killed through wars of terrorism

Countless casualties in war zones

Epidemics spread as people suffer

Countless loss to Lives and Properties ǁ

Lives hit through chemical bombings

Normal life dislocated throughout the world

Lost economy never regains for decades

Hopeless conditions people to confront ǁ

Government’s collapse over the years

People suffer with epidemic diseases

Wisemen decisions avoids conflicts

Ceasefire agreements stop combats for a breath ǁ

Judgments are good for peace

Who blames who, is the point of thought?

Policies are the duty of government

Efficiency of Rulers prove handling situation ǁ

======

In future, more and more articles on choism could be separately, each item post, written and posted.  This choism article is only an article, to begin with, because people/readers should be able to understand what is what about choism.

Older South Asian man with reading glasses, a gray suit and tie and purple collared shirt. He's photographed in a small room with wall hangings and computers.

MANTRI PRAGADA MARKANDEYULU, Litt.D.,

Poet, Novelist, Song and Story Writer (The Scholar)

B. Com, DBM, PGDCA, DCP,

(Visited Nairobi-Kenya, East Africa)

            (Government of Seychelles, Motivational Strips and SIPAY Journal)

  • WORLD WRITERS’ UNION Peru
  • Peru.

Address: Plot No. 37, Anupuram, ECIL Post, Hyderabad-500062 Telangana State – India

+91-9951038802, +91-8186945103, Email: mrkndyl@gmail.com, Twitter: @mrkndyl68

Poetry from Tanvir Islam

Young South Asian teen boy with short black hair and a white collared school uniform shirt
Tanvir Islam
My Mother

My mother, whose love reaches near and far. 
With gentle hands and a heart so pure, 
She's the anchor that helps me endure.
In her embrace, I find endless grace,
 A comforting presence in every place. 
Her words, a soothing lullaby, In her love, 
I'll never say goodbye. 
Through every storm, she's been my shield, 
A rock, a fortress in every battlefield. 
Her sacrifices, a testament so strong, 
In her love, I forever belong. 
Her laughter, a melody, pure and bright, 
Guiding me through the darkest night. 
Her wisdom, a beacon, shining so clear, 
In her love, I find my purpose, my sphere. 
With every sunrise and each day's end, 
My mother, my confidant, my dearest friend. In her love, 
I've found life's greatest treasure, 
A bond unbreakable, a love without measure.

Tanvir Islam is a student of grade 9 in Harimohan Government High School, Chapainawabganj, Bangladesh.



Short story from Leslie Lisbona

Young woman with thick short black hair in an orange coat standing in front of a stone arched doorway with an old fashioned sign hanging in front.

The French Lesson

I first saw JM at a Caribbean Club Med.  He was French, in his late twenties; full-lipped, tan, and charming.  He was in charge of entertainment, on stage a lot, and I couldn’t take my eyes off him. 

I was there with my boyfriend. It was our last trip before I would fly to Paris for my final semester of college.  We had been together for almost five years and my father employed him in his store.  I wanted a break from him but wasn’t sure how to disentangle myself without hurting him.

Walking to our room one evening, I spotted JM slow-dancing with someone to a Peter Gabriel song. I tried not to stare; I thought: if only I could be her. 

During a meal one afternoon, JM came to our table to introduce himself.  He said hello and I became mute.  My kind boyfriend said that I was going to study in France: “She is leaving me next week.”  JM crouched down beside me.  Up close his eyes were the color of caramel.  “Do you speak French?” he asked.  I nodded.  He took a napkin from the table and wrote a phone number on it.  “In case you need anything.” It was the number of his family’s home in Bordeaux.  I slid the napkin onto my lap and put my hand on it protectively.

The day came to leave.  I cried when I said goodbye to my boyfriend.  But when I got on the plane, I was surprised at how relieved and unburdened I felt. 

My older brother, Dorian, joined me on my flight.  There was a German au pair he had gotten to know in New York, and he was hoping to meet up with her while in Europe with me. I was glad not to go alone.

A few days later, in Dorian’s hotel room, I unfurled the napkin like a precious parchment and called the number JM had given me.  The person who answered said JM was in Paris and gave me his direct number.  I reached him, and we made plans to meet the following night for dinner. When I hung up, I wanted to scream, but Dorian was a few feet away watching music videos on the tiny TV.

That night I wore heels. I didn’t usually wear heels, but I also didn’t usually go to dinner with sophisticated and glamorous Frenchmen. 

At the restaurant, JM kissed me on both cheeks.  Only when I opened the menu did I realize we were in a Lebanese restaurant. I ordered all my favorites, the foods my mom made at home: humus, lebne and pita, olives, kibbe, babaganoush, and taboule.  We spoke in a mixture of English and French.  The conversation flowed effortlessly.  He made me laugh and feel charming and irresistible.  His hair looked so soft. I shifted my seat closer.  He smelled good. 

JM asked if I was staying in a dorm.  I said that I was living with a family, the Benchetrits. He paused and said, as if to warn me, “You know, they are Jews.”

Everything slowed down. I didn’t know where to look. My throat suddenly felt like sandpaper. Before he could say anything else, I croaked out, “I am Jewish.”

Disappointment and hurt washed over me.  But I didn’t want to derail this evening, this evening that was going so incredibly well, possibly the most exciting night of my life.  Maybe I changed the subject, or maybe he did.  Despite his comment, I still wanted him, and instead of being angry, I felt ashamed. 

We walked to a taxi stand. There seemed to be no one else around; the clacking of my heels made the only sounds. The skin on my second-to-last toe was gone, the toe stuck to the inside of the shoe. We got into separate taxis.  In the semi-privacy of my cab, I took a deep breath and felt so many things, excitement and despair.  I thought that I might never see him again.  On an impulse, I twisted myself around to get one last look.  In that moment, he had done the same.  He was gazing out at me, and he waved.

For the next few days I thought of nothing but JM. Against my will, the comment he made about Jews would find its way in, insinuating itself. I felt like a boxer, ducking and rolling like Dorian had taught me, to avoid the punch.  I had to keep moving, shuffling my feet, bobbing and deflecting.

I loved Edith Wharton back then and declared her my favorite author.  Had I cringed when I read about Simon Rosedale, Lily Bart’s suitor, the pushy Jew who was sloppy and coarse?  Instead of slamming the book shut or throwing it out the window, I had kept reading.  Maybe I thought that it was antiquated, that these feelings about Jews were from another time, not now, in 1986. Maybe Edith was showing how awful everyone in society was, even the Jewish newcomers.  Maybe it wasn’t even her point of view. I’m not sure why I made excuses.  I must have reconciled that good literature trumped blatant antisemitism.  Maybe JM hadn’t meant what I thought. Maybe I’d read him wrong.

While pondering all of this, I went around Paris with Dorian, ate more crepes, and got ready for my classes at Dauphine.  I didn’t mention JM’s comment to Dorian.  We would have hashed it out for hours as we walked.  Maybe my attraction would have been over then and there. 

One day, about a week later, after Dorian had gone, I received a letter from JM.  I unfolded the thin blue stationery.  It was in French.  He said that he couldn’t stop thinking about me, that we had had such a connection, that he felt this could be something.

It wasn’t long before he came to see me, and we finally kissed. We strolled around the city holding hands. I got to touch his hair. He took pictures of me; we got lost; we walked into a movie theater and saw Legal Eagles or maybe Heartburn. And then he was gone again.

He wrote me letters from Tunisia ­– passionate, consuming letters that left me breathless.  As I walked to school and took the Metro, I whispered his words, words I hadn’t learned in school, saying them over and over until I could say them perfectly, like a French lesson.

After several impassioned phone calls imploring me to come visit him, I used my in-case-of-emergency credit card and bought a ticket to Tunisia.  It was a mistake.  I knew it the moment I arrived.  JM had sent an employee to receive me.  Frederic asked if I was “la copine de JM” and brought me to the resort. 

Meals were at communal tables.  I saved him a seat beside me.  I saw myself jumping up and telling people that this seat was taken, even as time passed and my meal was nearly finished.  He never showed.  I felt foolish and pathetic. 

Was I Simon Rosedale, unwanted and repulsive, pushing my way where I didn’t belong?  He finally joined me. He must have eaten elsewhere.  We went to his room.  On his bed was a movie magazine opened to a page with a photo of the beautiful Emmanuelle Beart, who starred in Jean de Florette.  I said casually that the starlet had been in my house.  “In Queens?” he asked.  I knew he didn’t believe me.  I wonder if he knew that this movie star had a Jewish father who had gone to school with my father in Beirut.  I wanted to go home, all the way home to New York.  The balance was off; I left feeling much more than he did.

Back in my rented room a few days later, I was convinced that I had contracted AIDS from him.  Le SIDA, as the French called it, was graffitied all over Paris, red spray paint on grey buildings, reminding me at every corner that I was in danger.  In a panic, I called my older sister, Debi, from a pay phone.  I told her everything, but I didn’t tell her about the comment.  She calmed me, and a layer of embarrassment formed over my shame. 

During my stay in Paris, I completed my classes and went to lots of movies.  I finally got to see Jean de Florette. The actress who had been in my living room in Queens was blond and perfect, not Jewish-seeming in the least. 

It was time to go home.  My suitcase open on my bed, Les Rita Mitsouko playing on my boombox radio, my eyes fell on the pile of letters on my desk.  I tied them together with string, the only evidence of this connection that had loomed so large, and put them in my suitcase.

After I returned to New York, I got a few more letters from JM, this time from Senegal, and then none. I was relieved.  The grip he had on me loosened and finally dissipated in the face of his five spiteful words and the shame I felt for still wanting him.

I told my boyfriend what happened.  I was sure that he would want nothing to do with me, but I was wrong.  Still, this time I was certain that I wanted us to break up.  I was sorry to hurt him.

A few months later, Dorian married the German au pair.

Poetry from J.J. Campbell

Author J.J. Campbell White man with a large beard and a black tee shirt and eyeglasses stands in a bedroom with posters in the wall.
Author J.J. Campbell
with a snap of the fingers
 

the muse wonders if i miss her

 

sitting alone, looking at a blank

ceiling thinking about all the

years pissed away with a snap

of the fingers

 

of course, i miss her

 

the bigger question is

does she miss me

 

do i linger on her mind as

she struggles to sleep

 

do i flash in her mind as

she begins to touch

 

i learned a long time ago

to never ask a question

if you weren't prepared for

an answer you didn't like

 

but the joy of becoming

an old bitter soul

 

hearing a no isn't going

to disappoint me more

than i already am

 

i never wanted to die alone

 

two in the morning on a friday

 

i don't think i have much of a choice
---------------------------------------------------------------
just seems more intense these days
 

paradise is on fire

 

the oceans are rising

 

the bombs keep falling

on the innocent

 

hero after hero is finding

death around that corner

 

i'm sure all the years

have been crazy

 

yet as the years go on

the crazy just seems

more intense these days

 

i am comfortable sitting

back and watching the

flames devour a world

i never got to visit

 

i have friends around

the world and i say a

little something for

them every night

before i fade out

 

i'm pretty sure they

all happen to live

on one-way streets
------------------------------------------------------------
the prettiest girl in the world
 

shooting stars

in the quiet

of the night

 

wishes never

seem to come

true

 

my mother

told me to

have patience

and one day

the prettiest

girl in the

world would

be mine

 

what a

fucking

lie
---------------------------------------------------------------------
a confession of sorts
 

whispers in the rain

 

a confession of sorts

 

never quite understanding

that everyone hates their

life

 

you are not special

 

it's a beautiful woman

telling you to fuck off

 

children that know

you're not the good

parent

 

another fucking dreamer

in a country that crushes

any dream that doesn't

involve loads of money

 

trace the lines of her

curves from memory

 

thirty some years ago

when a simple man

got as lucky as one

could get

 

she happened to die

on your birthday

 

life has never been

the same since
------------------------------------------------------------------
forever out of reach
 

neon nightmares of lost

lovers stranded in the

back of your dreams

 

close enough to picture

but forever out of reach

 

letter after letter returned

 

unopened

 

it's one thing to move on

it's another to be forgotten

 

i'm sure we'd all like to

go back and rewrite a few

chapters of our lives

 

turn all that childhood

misfortune into the story

of a dark knight that

becomes a hero

 

remember the late mornings

when the love of your life

would come over for coffee

and cigarettes

 

you'd end up naked, holding

each other on the couch for

hours

 

no clue about how steep the

upcoming hill would be

J.J. Campbell (1976 – ?) is old enough to know better. He’s been widely published over the years, most recently at Cajun Mutt Press, Horror Sleaze Trash, Mad Swirl, Disturb the Universe Magazine and The Rye Whiskey Review. You can find him most days on his mildly entertaining blog, evil delights. (https://evildelights.blogspot.com)

Essay from Z.I. Mahmud (one of three)

Old white man in a vest and long sleeved shirt working a machine with gears in a room with a grandfather clock and a painting and windows. The room is bending.
H.G. Wells’ The Time Machine
We are to shape our state in a world of uncertain seasons, sudden catastrophes, antagonistic diseases, inimical beasts and vermin, out of men and women of the like passions, the like uncertainties of mood and desire to our own.”. Examine the Time Machine as a static utopian fiction contrasting critical perspectives of kinetic utopia highlighted in the commentary.

H.G. Wells' time traveler surmounts to venture upon his adventuresome journey in aftermath of the narrator’s dialect to ‘consider I have been speculating upon the destinies of our race”, the epilogue of the novel where the narrator suggests, “He [ …] thought but less cheeringly of the Advancement of Mankind, and saw in the growing pile of the civilization, only a  foolish heaping that must inevitably fall back upon and destroy its makers in the end.” The time traveller’s futuristic analyses of the society of Victorian England are extrapolations of close surface similarities of male and female Eloi community between adults and children alike, where forth the author concludes, “the strength of the man, the softness of the woman, the institution of the family, the differentiation of the occupations are merely militant necessities of an age of physical force. 

The science fantasies are offered as so many cautionary fables, so many dreadful warnings to humanity to look to itself, to take stockings from its current sick condition and remedy it before it is too late. Population control, childbearing and childrearing decline of motherhood, falling stoicism of menial chores or physical labour in males, will show less differentiation and consequent immaturity into adulthood, such leisure brings, leads the Time Traveller to observe that, “children seemed to my eyes to be but the miniatures of their parents.” 

Morlockian cannibalism satirizes the burgeoning working class proletarian revolution in the tumultuous turmoil wrecked by the upsurge of militant trade unionism particularly left wing labour party political organization. Earlier the Eloi had rose to ascendancy but subsequently dethroned by Morlockians, since the latter possessed initiative in the face of adversity. Industry and working-class accommodation were removed from the surface of the earth and buried underground, since all the surface of the earth was bequeathed to be conferred upon the ruling class of aristocracy. In this sense, all the surface of the earth came to be dominated and owned by the enterprises proprietors of Victorian bourgeoisie, “artificial undergrounds that such work as was necessary to the comfort of the daylight, race was done”. The Time Traveller maintains that for his audience, envisioning a society that does not require a great leap of imagination, “even now there [/////] is a tendency to utilize underground as the space for less ornamental purposes, there is the Metropolitan Railway in London, for instance, there are new electric railways and subways, there are underground stations and restaurants, and they increase and multiply.” 

It is worth analyzing how the Elois degenerated and eventually were eliminated by the surge of extinction, since they were diminished of their intelligence and their strength in contrast to their subterranean habitats dwelling neighbours subalterns Morlocks; Morlocks possessed the intuitive spirits of resiliency by engagement in productive labor and physical prowess in order to savage damnable starvation and malicious suffocation. Post Darwinian evolutionary adaptations, thus, overthrew the Eloi to their downfall and the Morlocks to their triumphalism in the extremes of individualistic collectivism. The Time Traveller discovers that the Elois privileged aristocracy as the automatic rulers of the earth unearthed the fatal flaw: “that perfect state had lacked one thing even for mechanical perfection-----absolute permanency.”

The Time Traveller believes that middle-class inbreeding was fundamental and crucial to the slit in the humanity produced by the Eloi and the Morlocks, with the widening gulf between classes, being the result of the promotion by intermarriage, which at present, retards the splitting of our species along the lines of social stratification, becoming lesser and lesser frequent.” An animal in harmony with its environment is a perfect mechanism. Nature never appeals to intelligence unless habit and instinct are useless. There is no intelligence when there is no change or no need for change….” Eloi over the centuries have adapted so well to their environment that life had become instinctual once again. 

However, when considering the Morlocks the opposite must be the case: “It is a law of nature to overlook, that intellectual versatility is the compensation for change, danger and trouble….Only those animals partake intelligence that have to meet a huge variety of needs and dangers.”  Food crises reinforced these minion ant like creatures to prey and preserve their cattled like creatures upperworlder masters Eloi. Event the writer prolifically exclaims in astonishment, “I was surprised to find it had been carefully oiled and cleaned. I had suspected that the Morlocks, had even partially taken it to pieces while trying in their dim way to grasp its purpose.” 

Robert M Philmus points out that, “by 802/701 no species has the intelligence anymore to set limits on the struggles for existence, in where the defenseless Eloi fall victim to the carnivorous Morlocks. Furthermore, the Morlocks are unable to walk upon the surface of the earth due to their blindness in daylight and their new role as exploiters of the upperworld Eloi simply reverses the old equation rather than changes its nature. Thus the story ends with the general biological devolution and the destruction of the planet as witnessed by the Time Traveller in his “Future Vision”. 

In valedictory argument, Mc Connell’s critical interpretation is a justifiable approach to vindicate the Time Machine as a static utopian fiction, “The environment will inevitably change upon the course of geological, cosmological time. And the species that has been too close at home with one phase of climate and ecology will probably lose the resiliency to change and meet the demands of another phase.”

Further Reading and References

John S Partington’s The Time Machine and A Modern Utopia: The Static and Kinetic Utopias of the Early H.G. Well’s, Utopian Studies, 2002, Vol. 13, No. 1, pages: 57-68.
HG Wells’ The Time Machine Reviewed –archive, 1895 The Guardian