You Are Nobody

#####

Now you are nobody
No one
The name is also past
The world has given permission
You have no right
You are now a corpse.

Now you are nobody
You are nobody's father
You are nobody's child
You are nobody's husband
You are nobody's brother
No one is yours
You are dead now.

Now you are nobody
Dr. or doctor
Rich or poor
Employed or unemployed
Friend or foe
You are now an emotionless corpse.

Now you are nobody
You are not yours
A few pieces of new clothes,
A little perfume to make the air heavy,
The scent of sandalwood,
Both the eyes will have the same color
Your travel companion

Now you are nobody
Everyone is busy seeing you off
Soap foam
Plum leaf hot water
The special Palki
Green bamboo planks
waiting for you.

The call to prayer was given to your ears at the time of birth
Today is his last prayer
Many will come in groups
Two handfuls of earth to hide you
Everyone will go back, everyone
Today you are nobody's business
Now you are nobody.

What you thought was yours for so long Today are others
The ones you thought were yours for so long Today they are not yours
You have nothing
Without deed.
Time will mock pride's vanity.

If I say moon……

They said don’t talk, they cut my tongue.

They blocked my way to my beloved,

When I say the moon, they say there is a spot on the moon.

They hung me in the sky of bad!

Put the wine of bad in my cup,

They poisoned my tongue with longing

I’m patient again so that they don’t talk

He told me to go to my grave without you!

I took what I knew to what I didn’t know

I’m sorry I didn’t see you

When you’re far away from me

I felt like I understood, the suffering of bad!…

What a feeling, what a passion,

When I miss you when I can’t speak

If I open up from the rocks like tulips,

I’m sorry if I can’t reach you.

If they cut it off, oh, foreign hands,

Are the roads blocked for you!

These deserts were bright,

Loneliness tormented those ways…..?

Is there a thorn in the flower you stretched out?

Are you as strong as me?

My hair is torn, I sleep in bad,

Is my heart so hard for your love…?

I can’t find my way to you

I cried because of longing,

I took the letter I wrote in my hand,

They threw me into the sky of longing.

I didn’t know what love was,

Don’t you love me more than life

If you love, why did you leave me alone?

If I am the moon, you are my sun!

They said don’t talk, they cut my tongue.

They hung in the sky of longing,

They blocked my way to you

They blocked my way to you

They wrote that love is a burden!!

They cut my tongue saying don’t talk.

Without you, my heart and soul have died..!

Mavluda Ruziyeva was born On June 19, 1967,Samarkand region

She was born in the village of “Honaqa” in Ishtikhan district.

Member of the Writers’ Union of Uzbekistan since 2006, admitted to the Creative Union of Journalists of Uzbekistan in 2022.

She is the author of poetry and prose works, books of essays such as “One Love Fate”, “Bring My Mother Back Stars”, “Unrecognizable From Words”, “Double Rivers”, “Meeting in a Dream”, “The Night the Moon Laughed”.

PODCAST IS THE MOST BENEFICIAL WAY OF LEARNING ENGLISH

Shamuratova Shoira Fayzulla qizi

Student of Foreign Language and Literature: English, Department of Urgench State Pedagogical Institute

ANNOTATION: In this article, l am going write about podcasts and their benefits in learning English, l hope that it will be beneficial for all of the people who are learning English or interested in learning English by listening to songs, music, especially podcasts.

The main purpose to write this article to give more information about podcasts and also giving tips to improve listening skills and to find the best podcasts on the lnternet.Furthermore,l really want to help learners to make easier learning English by making fun.

KEY WORDS: Podcast (British Broadcasting Council),smartphones,music, learning languages, Educational tool, Attention span,hormones, flight or fight response.

PODCAST-a radio programme that is stored in a digital form that you can download from the Internet and play on a compeuter or on an MP3 player.

History of the word: This word came from the combination of two words iPods and Broadcast.

When learning English many people choose listening various podcasts in order to improve their English skills.Some people believe that listening Podcasts only help us to enhance our listening skills, however, it has proven that, Not only we can improve our listening skils but we can also easily improve our other skills including, Reading, writing, speaking,communicational skills and social skills that is the most essential part of English and our everyday life.So, maybe the number of listeners icreased significantly over the past 3 years.For inctance, studies show that the number of active podcast listeners was about 464.7 million around the world (in 2013), that makes up around 22% of all Internet users.These numbers have been increasinf by over 40 milion years and maybe it will be a more higher in the future as the interest for listeninf to podcast are increasing day by day. It is predicted that it will be around 504.9 million al around the globe by the end of 2024.

Here, l am going to write a number of key benefits that help us to understand the importance of podcasts.

1.Podcast can stimulate the mental imaginary, it means we know that podcasts include various topics which is interesting and full of meaningful information when we listen the podcast automatically, we imagine or think abour the topic in our mind in order to understand completely.In this process the brain start to work to build pictures and enhace our visual process so that we can easily comprehend what we are hearing.

2.Listening to podcasts will be helpful for the brain.ln other words, they enhance the essential parts of the brain that cause to increase the levels of empathy, relationships and boost compassion. Moreover, hearing the podcast can lead to the brain to release neurotransmitter called oxytocin that is also called ‘love hormone’. This hormone help us to reduce anxiety and stress which cause to improve our attention span when doing their work, this might be only one example that the right genre of podcast to nourish our brain.

3.Podcast as an educational tool.Another major benefit of listening podcast is learning new information cause they help us to take an important data as excellent source of educational material.We can find various podcasts that is always freely available for everyone on some platforms like Youtube and Spotify.Moreover, the topics of the podcast will be different.It also might be other advantage of them

4.Podcast can enhance our concentration and attention span.Many people prefer listening crime-scenes of podcast that causes to release adrenaline in some listeners.It is the main reason to the adrenaline rush that activatate this process and it leads to flight or fight response it means that our body will be more active and alert and also try to engage with our surroundings that support to absorb more information.When we hear the podcasts For instanse, it is about “Environmental problems” we only focus on our attention to the environmental issues (effects, causes, solutions) namely we only think about one issue that help us to improve our attention span.

5.Listening to podcasts give a chance to know others opinions and to change our outlook.One of the main reasons of listening to podcasts to expand our mind, horizon by listening new ideas, opinions and to listen about different experiences that we never normally face in our real life. Thet give an opportunity to see or meet with some people who has similar ideas or interests and also the same job as we.However, live in other country or different corner of the world it means that we can easily find like-minded people within a second without any problem or any difficulties.

Now, l am going to give information about a number podcast apps on Android in 2023.By downloading these apps you can easily find and listen them in everywhere at any time.But, some of them is online.Therefore, l will try to give offline apps also.

1. Pocket casts- is a simply yet multi-faceted podcast app, making it our pick for the best podcast app.lt offers hand-curated podcast suggestions to make it simple matter to discover new podcasts and episodes.ln this app there are different kind of podcast episodes, both new and old, with easy management of our favourite podcasts, we can access them that much faster.Benefits of this app:    a) have extra tools to switch dark to light background b)have different modes like split view, slide over

2.Podbean-This app helps us to earn money by creating, promoting and monetizing our podcast.Therefore, we can easily say that Podbean is an easy and powerful way to create, promote and monetize our podcast.Everything is available that we need in this app.Nowadays, more than 600.00 podcasters trust Podbean in order to create podcast and this app is very important to start our podcast and to achieve goals.This app provides IAB- certified podcast analytics and intuitive charts to help us to measure our success and get insights into our audience.

3.Castbox – This app is availableb on IOS  and Android, supports 50 million podcasts, on demand radio programs, and audiobooks in 70 languages from 175 countries.This app helps us to download and listen to our favourite pocasts(such as The daily) radio and audiobooks.This also give a chance to earn money by creating podcast channels and apply premium channel on Castbox

4.Stitcher- is the easiest way to listen, download and discover podcasts for free across iOS, Android, Web and more. The free version of stitcher gives us access to over 65.000 shows from almost every genre imaginable.Stitchers are pieces of code that are used by different network manager processes.They take information from database, place the information and process it and send the information from one to another.

Here, There are some student’s and teacher’s perceptions towards the use of podcast in learning English.

The topic of podcasts could help educators excite students’ curiosity and interest and eloborate connection between new and previous materials or difficult concepts( lstanto&lndrianti 2011, Ogott & Odera, 2012).

Podcasts help to us to improve our listening skills and our overall language skills( Chen, 2005).

Listening to podcasts give a chance to enhance our concentration skills.(Adler & Lucas, 2013, Hullbert, 1989).

 When listening to podcasts atmospheric condition also affect to the listening performance and how the stimuli were perceived(Zaman&Sidhu, 2013).

There are definetely exact reasons why many people , nowadays, prefer listening to podcasts and they made it a part of their daily routine.lf we want to improve our English skills (IELTS,CEFR) we should listen to more podcast instead of doing other activities and In this article l gave some apps and programs’ names that we can find podcasts easily without any distraction.l think they will be helpful and encourage us to listen more podcast and learn English by listening to music by making fun.

REFERENCE: 1.          Buzzsprout Platform Statistics.(How to start a podcast: Complete step-by- step guide)(2023)

2.Vulture( Podcasts are always the next big thing).

3.Brain and life Magazine( The role of Podcasts as an alternative Media for learning).

4.Articles written by national Institutes (Podcasts:accessing, choosing).

This article was written by Shamuratova Shoira who is the first year student of Urgench State Pedagogical Institute                                                              

The role of psychological characteristics in the development of a person as a person

                Karakalpak State University

              Uzakbaeva Venera Abatbaevna                                                                                     

Individuality as a personality trait. The essence of individuality is that an individual has his own existence, remains himself, and carries out independent activities in another integrated system. Human individuality is the uniqueness of each individual. A person does not lose his independence even if he belongs to a group in the social existence around him, he remains as a subject with his own identity.

The individual identity is reflected in all the signs of individuality. However, the essence of the uniqueness of individuality is not only related to the external appearance of the individual, but also manifests itself in unique ways as a subject of activity. Individuality can be called a special form of a person’s way of life in society. When we compare the concepts of person and individuality, they cannot be put together, because individuality is a characteristic of a person.

The concept of personality reflects the socially important characteristics of a person as a separate individual. However, if the essence of a person is the personification (personalization) of his social relations, then a separate person manifests his social essence in the form of individuality. In individuality, he creates his own image, becomes the “author” of his own behavior. “If a person is the highest “peak” of the composition of human characteristics, then individuality is the deepest structure of a person and a subject of activity. A person without individuality and identity cannot exist abstractly and realistically.

Thus, a person is social by nature and individual by way of life. It embodies the unity of sociality and individuality, essence and existence.The concepts of person and individuality are not only interrelated, but also mutually support each other. The formation of human personality qualities is interconnected with self-awareness. The behavior of an individual, his attitude to his social roles and duties depends on his individual consciousness, level of development and individual characteristics. Thus, individuality is not only associated with a person, but also constitutes his most important characteristic.

Therefore, it should also be included in the definition of a person. The concept of individuality does not fully correspond to the concept of a person. If the concept of a person expresses the social aspects, social content of a person, reflects his social status and values, the concept of individuality reveals the forms and methods of his life. Natural characteristics do not form individuality by themselves. In order for a human individual to become an individual, he must cease to be a “unit”, a “copy” and gain independence in his existence. Individuality is an important formed feature of an individual, it is a unity of natural and social properties, consciousness and activity.

Thus, individuality is manifested in the object world, nature, and personal society. According to the most important definition of individuality, it reflects the identity of an individual. If the concept of person represents the social content of a person, the concept of individuality reflects his lifestyle and forms. The concept of individuality is closely related to the formation and development of a person’s individuality and uniqueness. In general, the individuality of a person is acquired in the society during his life, provides a goal in the hierarchy of values, can control his behavior during the struggle of motives, is manifested in the process of communication and activity, in others and in himself. is a set of meaningful relationships and guidance.

The Swiss psychologist J. Piaget (1896-1980) recommends to study the development of a person in several periods: 1. Child – external environment – data processing. 2. Thinking: a) before the social era; b) social period.3. Intellect (mind); a) sensorimotor – up to 2 years; b) operational period – up to 2-7(8) years; c) period of obvious operation – up to 7(8)-11(12) years; g) officially (formal) operation period – 11(12) – 15 years old.

American psychologist J. Bruner says that there is a two-way relationship between the formation of a person and education, and if the human’s striving for perfection increases the efficiency of learning, the improvement of education He claims that it accelerates the process of his socialization. In this way, the science of youth psychology has gone through several stages of development and reached its current level.

Scholars of Central Asia, psychologists from near and far abroad contributed to its development. The aforementioned theories, practical and scientific data, methods created by researchers retain their importance. Theories of the classification of age periods in psychology There are a number of independent theories on the classification of age periods into periods, they approach the study of the human personality from different points of view and illuminate the essence of the problem in different ways.

They can include biogenetic, sociogenetic, psychogenetic, cognitivist, psychoanalytic, behaviorist theories. A person is a member of a certain society, he is psychologically developed, distinguished from others by his characteristics and behavior. In the national model of personnel training, a person is defined as the main subject and object of the personnel training system, as a consumer of educational services and as a provider of them.

The state policy in the field of personnel training envisages intellectual, spiritual and moral education of a person, and his manifestation as a comprehensively developed person. The implementation of this social demand guarantees the right of every student to get knowledge, to show his creative abilities, to develop intellectually and to work in a specific profession. In order for a person to become a person as a social being, social environment conditions and upbringing are necessary. Under the influence of these, a person develops as a person and becomes a person. Age and specific characteristics of development. Anatomical, physiological (physical) and psychological characteristics characteristic of a certain age period are called age characteristics.

Education and training work is organized taking into account these young characteristics. Then the influence of education on the child’s development will be strong. It is important to know and take into account the characteristics of the different age periods of the child’s development in order to have a proper approach to the education of children and to teach them successfully. Because the growth and development of the child’s organism, as well as mental development, are different at different ages. Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Yan Amos Comensky, K. D. Ushinsky, Abdullah Avloni also emphasized the need to educate the child. It is very difficult to take into account the unique characteristics of the child.

Because even children of the same age can be different mentally. For example, their ability to see and hear, their activity, their quick perception, their slow thinking, their calmness or restraint, their eloquence or lack of speech, their enthusiasm or lack of enthusiasm, their laziness or diligence. . and it is important to know the methodology of studying the child’s unique characteristics. Temperament (lat. “temperamentum” means “relation of parts to each other”) is a set of individual psychological characteristics of a person.As we have already said, a person is not born as a person, but is developed over time, and most psychologists agree with this.

Maklakov in his book “General Psychology” states that “there are different views on the question of what laws the development of a person is subject to.” These inconsistencies arise as a result of a different understanding of the importance of society and social groups in the development of a person, as well as the laws and stages of development, crises in the development of a person, opportunities to accelerate the development process, and other issues. There are different theories of personality, each of which deals with the problem of personality development in its own way. For example, psychoanalytical theory understands development as adaptation of human biological nature to social life, development of certain defense mechanisms and ways to satisfy needs.

The theory of social learning represents the process of personality development as the formation of certain methods of interpersonal interaction between people. Humanistic and other phenomenological theories explain it as a process of becoming “I”. However, in addition to considering the problem of personality development from the point of view of one or another theory, there is a tendency to consider the personality holistically, from the point of view of various theories and approaches. Within this approach, several concepts have been formed that take into account the coordinated, systematic formation and interdependent change of all aspects of a person. These developmental concepts are called integrative concepts. The peculiarity of the socio-psychological approach to the personality problem is that it is considered as a consequence of various forms of interaction with different groups.

That is, Social psychology, first of all, studies what laws the behavior of a person who is a member of a group obeys, how the effects of a person in the communication system are reflected in his mind. The way in which the influence of the group on the psychology of the individual takes place is intrinsically related to the problem of socialization in social psychology, and how these effects are directly manifested in the behavior of the individual is related to the problem of social guidelines. is liq. It is one of the main tasks of social psychology to develop mechanisms for managing individual behavior, determining the qualities that are formed in a person and their manifestation in different types of people.

The concept of socialization is a socio-psychological category, and it is a process that expresses the level of a person’s exposure to the external social environment surrounding him, his tendency to assimilate its norms and rules. A person is born and grows up under the influence of the external environment that directly surrounds him, he is brought up surrounded by this society and this environment.

References:

  1. Ghaziyev E. G. General psychology. Tashkent 2002

2. Ivanov P.I. Zufarova M. General psychology T. 2008.

3. Shoumarov G’.B. “Family psychology”. Tashkent. “East”. 2008.

4. G’aziev E. Psychology. T. 2008.

5. Haydarov F., Halilova N. General psychology. T.2010.

6. D. B. Elkonin. Izbrannye psychologicheskie trudy. M. Pedagogy. 1989.

7. Psychology of a modern school teacher. — T.: TDPU publishing house, 1997.

8. General psychology, youth psychology and pedagogical psychology. Edited by Gomezo. — T.: “Sharq”, 1982.

As a kid in nursery and primary schools, I learnt the song: 

Parents, listen to your children
Parents, listen to your children
We are the leaders of tomorrow
Try to pay our school fees
And give us sound education 
(Song repeats as many times as possible)

This song would be heralded by all pupils present at the assembly ground, after general announcement as made by the head teacher. We will take our matching orders as we sing the song to our respective classes. 

I remember as well  another song I was familiar with,  back in primary school.  It was a match-to-your-class. The song is titled
For Learning Is Better Than Silver And Gold
It reads:
We're going to our classes
with clean handsome faces
to pay attention to what we are told
for Learning is better than silver and (2ce)
For Learning.....
Is better......
Than. Silver.....
And gold

(The song repeats for as many times as possible till the pupils all match to their respective classes)

My formative years were characterized by attending the best of schools at the time. My parents, being comfortable, were able to send me to the best of private schools: nursery and primary.  They ensured I was like my peers whose parents were also comfortable and richer. I had what could be termed education. My primary three teacher would tell us before the commencement of his class : "If education was expensive, you would have to try ignorance". My formative years was all about education. 

That psyche accompanied my to my secondary school days. I was all about my academic pursuit. I was about familiarizing with my type. If we perceived you weren't in our level of intellectual demands, you wouldn't get the chance of mingling with us. I was picky about my association of friends, despite.my facial condition. We actually frowned at those who didn't have the privilege that we did. Some parents in my neighbourhood couldn't afford the children and wards to private secondary schools. They settled for public schools while the rest subjected their children to vocational schools to become artisans. We were groomed to accept that "Education is key to success.'
 
Years after school, I was in the university continuing the pursuit of my academics while those who did vocational learning 'graduated' to own their businesses. Meanwhile, I was struggling to pay my school fees as my parents fell short of their purchasing power due to unforeseen circumstances.

By the incidence of financial difficulty I encountered and the need to define what my purpose was, I took a U-turn from my agriculture-led mechanical engineering course to just being a writer. That was a burning desire right from my childhood. My colleagues were still in the euphoria I'd graduating from school and becoming job seekers while those of our peers we frowned at, years ago, were successful entrepreneurs, getting married and birthing children. It was done on me what Oscar Wilde once said: 'Education is a wonderful thing but bear in mind from time to time, anything worth learning can never be taught.'

It was in the labor world I realized those childhood songs I was inculcated to sing were for entertainment purposes. Growing up, I watched the leaders on television discharging their duties to the nation. Years later, I still see the same old leaders on TV doing the same old things they did when I was a kid. All my peers are all grown (some are gainfully employed, others are still searching while the rest have been retrenched from their places of work) watching the same leaders we knew when were children deciding the future of we, children-turned-grown-adults! Our contemporaries who learnt being artisans are on the same boat but this time, comfortably watching those leaders recycle themselves over the years.

This leaves me with the question: "Are Nigerian children really going to become leaders of Nigeria's tomorrow?'


Word Count: 800 (Approx)

The Flood

It started with droplets on hot concrete
Pooling in the cracks between my feet.
Drop for drop a puddle grew;
Reflecting only you.
I wanted to drown there,
Ringing for air.
On a sinking ship made from love letters 
But the rain is the only thing that matters
The puddle became a pond
Which I couldn't see beyond.
I was but a tadpole
Swimming through your soul. 
Rain drops on the surface writing poetry 
But you were all I could see.
Just when I thought it was all I could take
The rain raged on and the pond became a lake.
I was a steamboat of desire 
The Captain ready to retire 
Sinking into your embrace 
Setting to harbor in this place.
And the rain raged on and fell like thunder 
And I was a ship going under.
The lake broke the shores becoming a sea
Still the expanse can't contain me.


In The Dark 

Does a candle stand a chance
Here where the shadows dance;
When the stars are swallowed in darkness
In the grasp of the gaping abyss?
Can a whisper be heard 
Here where a screamed word
Is carried to a void of endless silence 
In a world of dismal existence?
Is there anything but misery 
Here where everything dwells in agony;
When everything leads to pain?
Can one remain sane? 

From South-Western, Michigan, Jerry Langdon lives in Germany since the early 90's. He is an artist and poet. His works bathe in a darker side of emotion and fantasy. He has released five books of poetry titled "Temperate Darkness and Behind the Twilight Veil", “Death and Other Cold Things” “Rollercoaster Heart” and “Frosted Dreams.” Jerry is also the editor and publisher of the literary magazine Raven Cage Zine which features poetry and prose. His poetic inspirations are derived from poets such as Edgar Allen Poe, Robert Frost and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. As well as from various rock bands. His apparently twisted mind, twists and intertwines fantasy with reality.

 Think about it, there is a lot of news in the world.
 If you look deeply, you will feel gratitude in your step,
 With pure intentions, you will always be better than the good ones,
 In fact, in this life, conscience is also a dear faith,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!

 It's full of possibilities, if you aspire, you'll find the right words.
 Desires are formed, hands bow to the light,
 The people will pray, the slaves who loved the Creator,
 A caravan that has started on the path of truth, dear leader,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!

 I love my country, like a mother, like a brother,
 I give my love, there is nothing in my heart,
 I type, I write like a drum.
 The time that praises and applauds its poet is dear,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!

 There is courage in their youth, fire in their hearts,
 Old people have strength and courage,
 Friendship, peace, justice are stable in my homeland,
 A piece of land, water, air, sky dear,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!


 This country is a big homeland, the nation is different, the wedding is one,
 All have one soul, one dream, one thought,
 It is pride, it is honor, its victory, its melody is the same
 This is the past of the country, dear science and culture,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!

 I feel your love like butterflies
 I love you like a child and like mothers,
 Like grains spread on black and white boards,
 Dear every champion who bears his flag,
 Pat every child's head, dear dear,
 The opportunity given in new Uzbekistan dear,
 Dear people in new Uzbekistan!


   KASHKADARYA REGIONAL,                                                                 2022 year
3rd year student of UzJOKU, Kashkadarya region, Nigora Togayeva