PROSPECTS OF USING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES IN UZBEKISTAN 

Student of Tashkent State Agrarian University
Kadyrova Arofat Abdukarimovna

This article talks about the importance of using geothermal energy sources in the conditions of Uzbekistan. Information is given about the basis of the widespread use of alternative energy sources, not traditional energy sources, their current state, and the reforms and news that are being carried out in this regard in our country.Today, we are living in a time where modern new age generations and innovative and digital technologies that require almost no manual labor are progressing and growing. It can be seen from this that the machines that make our heavy work light, our complex work easy and even our long journey closer now require energy. They now run on electricity instead of gasoline. 

First of all, one thing should be emphasized: "We cannot imagine our life without electricity."

Today, no matter what the field is, electricity is needed. Due to the many actions being carried out now, our development is developing day by day, and the lifestyle of our people is improving more and more. It is worth noting that the adoption of the strategy of supplying the country with electricity until 2030 in our Republic is of great importance for further development, efficient use of alternative energy sources and development of technologies. According to the strategy, it is planned to increase the production capacity of electricity from 5900MW to 29200MW by 2030 and to reduce the consumption of natural gas and reduce the losses in electricity transmission as much as possible.

According to the concept, the consumption of natural gas in the production of electricity will be reduced from 16.5 billion cubic meters to 12.1 billion cubic meters. This plan includes reduction of losses in electricity transmission by 2.35% and in distribution by 6.5%.
Now we will talk about where and how we get electricity. 

We know that we receive electricity in a traditional way, that is, through TPPs. TPP stands for Thermal Power Plant. In thermal power plants, thermal energy is converted into electrical energy and transmitted to us through power transformers. And this borad will suffer many losses until it reaches our home. In particular, this happens in a large unit at the station itself. Thermal power plants operate mainly by burning coal, natural gas and fuel oil. These fuels are sources of energy that are running out. One of the harmful aspects of thermal power plants is large energy losses, and another is a very negative impact on the environment. The toxic gases emitted from it go up into the sky and poison our ecology, harming the natural air, and there is also the problem of disposal of the waste from it. 

However, its advantage is that it is much cheaper than other types of energy production, which is why we have electricity at the expense of TPPs. However, by now, traditional methods are being abandoned in the developed countries of the world. Therefore, the use of renewable energy sources remains very effective.
The use of alternative energy sources can be a little expensive, but it is not harmful. That is, it can be obtained without harming the environment. In this regard, many innovations and reforms are being carried out in this regard in our country. In particular, the verdict of our honorable president Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev "On measures to accelerate the introduction of renewable energy sources and energy-saving technologies in 2023" can be cited. 

The effect of the words said in the verdict can be seen in the example of Bukhara region. 

In accordance with the verdict, the first turbine with a height of 100 meters and a blade length of 84 meters was erected in Bukhara region this year as part of the construction of a wind power plant. There are 157 more installations from this device. The first capacities of the stations are expected to be put into operation in 2024.

Now, let's talk about geothermal energy. This type of energy is an alternative and renewable energy. Geothermal energy is heat energy in the earth's crust, which comes from the earth's crust and radioactive decay. That is, simply put, artesian water or hot spring. We know that from somewhere in the mountainous regions of our republic, when water comes out, it turns into a sanatorium and it is said that there is a hot spring. 

So, how promising is the use of geothermal energy sources in our country? Of course, it is promising, because Uzbekistan is a country with huge reserves of water, which is a source of geothermal energy. It has been determined that there are geothermal waters in every part of its regions. Scientific research shows that the average gradient of geothermal waters in our country is 40C/km. The heat vapor flow is equal to 0.06 W/m2. Compared to annual indicators, the gross potential of geothermal waters in our country is estimated at 160.8 thousand tons of oil energy. 

Of course, we cannot get electricity directly through this energy, but it is being done in other countries, why can't we do it now? Our exact location may not be rich in active volcanic zones, but that doesn't mean it's just accessible. After all, it is possible to find a solution if you do as much research as possible. If water at a certain depth, i.e. 300 or more depth, is brought to the surface of the earth and heated through specially insulated turbines, it will certainly be possible to obtain electricity from it, and this will certainly become one of the major changes in the field of green energy in our country. 

Of course, environmentally safe and most importantly clean renewable energy.

In conclusion, it can be said that in the current developing period, I think we should not get tired of working on new scientific researches and new discoveries. Because no matter what we do, we find easy ways and implement them in order to satisfy our needs and our own comfortable life and safety, and all this is only for ourselves, for the comfortable and healthy lifestyle of the new generation. Therefore, we should not stop searching. 

THE LONG SIDEWALK

The sidewalk is long. 

You can’t see to the end of it. 

At first, you figure it’s just perspective, 

but as you move along it, 

the sidewalk physically narrows. 

Soon you find there is no room 

for you to turn around. 

So you keep walking forward, 

the only way you can go. 

The sidewalk borders  

a dark woods to one side; 

a swift river to the other. 

A misstep could plunge you helplessly into either. 

The narrowing continues until

you have to take your steps single file, 

one foot directly in front of the other. 

Further on, the sidewalk turns sideways, 

merging into the horizon, 

a line you must tread like a tightrope, 

lest you plunge helplessly 

into the future or the past.

Campus Silk                 

Cynthia’s form-fitting silk dresses

struck to her body like plastic wrap as she

pirouetted across campus in pointe shoes 

intentionally faced against wind gusts

pushing auburn strands of hair over cheeks

attracting an audience both men & women

lounging on the quad’s turf, eating fast food

lunches, listening to transistor radios, preparing

for exams, or writing to significant others—

past and present—in leather bound journals

filled with narrative poetry, whimsical sketches,

detailed shopping lists & occasional birthdays;

night & day, twelve months each year

she carried a collapsible umbrella, ready

to spread & protect her gorgeous locks

from rain & snow, trading silk summer

dresses for diva scarves that showcased her

face like a multi-colored picture frame.

Cascadia

Whitewater frothing

like hydrogen peroxide

foam sliding between rocks

boulders gurgling, gushing,

below natural bridges

linking embankments

on unstable shores where

wooden piles driven 42 feet

into mud, sand, bedrock and silt

once stood tall and defiant

yet remain like ragged stumps

torn off below kneecaps

where grubs burrow between spikes

as bright yellow birch leaves

float overhead then settle

like a golden patchwork quilt

upon stones in a dry ice waterway

swirling at the base of a ghost pier.

Dharavi Wall Reclaimed

Rickety realism centered

a rainbow fire escape

between two gigantic heads

Mother Theresa calls out

habit covering snowy egret hair

left hand cupped over her cheek

knotted veins and wrinkled skin

accentuated by a decaying hotel’s  

brick buttresses and drippy motor—

the graffiti virtuoso’s preferred canvas.

Facing the Calcutta nun on the right

Mahatma Gandhi calmly listens

to her whisper litanies and preach

about merits of suffering and her

“call within a call” as cars below burn rubber

do doughnuts, and emit smoke, delighting

penniless pedestrians with inner city theatre

sans Chelsea Square nosebleed seats;

pervasive, sustaining, his presence

outshines all street thespians and saints.

Cosmos Conductors

Stratosphere lights glimmer

dying amid comets & meteors

racing for eternal magnificence;

Saturn’s rings appear as ridged

as steel-hooped cage crinolines

relentlessly orbiting the planet.

Stargazing eyes wander, locate

ices, silicates, rocks & gasses

winking & twinkling the heavens

like angry sparks between wheels

& tracks from lost stellar railroads

barely even flickering at dawn.

Time elapses & spectacles dim

we embrace falling stars, suck on

helium balloons & talk like high

wire munchkins anxious to fly

on any trapeze without net, certain

as Galileo, optimistic as Carl Sagan.

Like fresh water washing filth & grime

off coal miner bodies, sunbeams splash

onto alley ways & trash cans, illuminate

abandoned train depots; foreboding shadows 

ground nocturnal astronomers, provide a hiatus

telescopes at rest & celestial secrets on hold.

French Doors

We slipped behind Raylene’s

family room French doors

backs to the wall, she embraced

my inexperience like a prize fly-ball

caught at Yankee Stadium, repositioned

my shoulders, easing them into her own,

kissing my neck, leaving a hickey

I wore like a badge of courage

provoking classmates’ consternation who 

confined young love to dreams & imagination.

From French doors to French kissing

we advanced without rules, ignored

norms, believed our world would endure

more than an evening; Raylene pressed

her face to mine, lost both pearl earrings

in throes of passion, found days later

when her mother vacuumed the carpet,

stroking shag pile, uncovering secrets

that had become common knowledge:

Raylene’s door evolved & swung both ways.

**************************************************************************************** 

Sterling Warner’s Brief Biography

An award-winning author, poet, and former Evergreen Valley College English Professor, Sterling Warner’s works have appeared many literary magazines, journals, and anthologies including Danse Macabre, Trouvaille Review, Lothlórien Poetry Journal,Ekphrastic Review, andSparks of Calliope. Warner’s collections of poetry/fiction include Rags and Feathers, Without Wheels, ShadowCat, Edges, Memento Mori: A Chapbook Redux, Serpent’s Tooth, Flytraps, Cracks of Light: Pandemic Poetry & Fiction 2019-2022, Halcyon Days: Collected Fibonacci, Abraxas: Poems (2024), and Masques: Flash Fiction & Short Stories. Presently, Warner writes, hosts/participates in “virtual” poetry readings, turns wood, and enjoys retirement in Washington.

Salute My Heroes

The blood of my heroes will never dry;
Their memory will never die.
The fallen shall stand again in me.
I will carry the ghost of tragedy.
The blood of my brethren is that of mine.
Their memory is my daily wine.
I raise my glass without dispute;
In those valor halls I do salute.
My brethren, My heroes; the life I owe.
The respect they deserve; The love I show.
A monument of honor lives in me.
Looking at my hands it's their blood I see.
I owe them more than I can give.
They will be remembered as long as I live.


Hey Santa 

Hey Santa, out there in your sleigh
Ho Ho Hoing all the way
Will you drop by?
Hey Santa, riding through the snow
With your list so you know; 
Will you drop by?
Hey Santa, don't forget me tonight,
Don't forget to turn off the light.
Hey Santa, out there all alone
With everyone safe at home;
Could you come by?
Hey Santa, with you finger on your nose
Waiting for young eyes to close;
Could you come by?
Hey Santa, would you bring peace to this house?
I promise to be still as a mouse.
But it is only a fantasy
The night was too dreary
He just couldn't see
Hearts were too weary
He couldn't help me
And the world filled with pain.
Hey Santa, out there in the sky
With that gleam in your eye;
Do you remember me?
Hey Santa, out there on your sleigh
Laughing all the way;
Do you remember me?
Hey Santa, don't tell me peace has gone away;
There has to be hope for a better day.

(Based on and inspired by Pink Floyd "Hey You")

From South-Western Michigan, Jerry Langdon lives in Germany since the early 90's. He is an artist and ooet. His works bathe in a darker side of emotion and fantasy. He has released five books of Poetry titled "Temperate Darkness an Behind the Twilight Veil", “Death and other cold things” “Rollercoaster Heart” and “Frosted Dreams” Jerry is also the editor and publisher of the literary magazine Raven Cage Zine poetry and prose. His poetic inspirations are derived from poets such as Edgar Allen Poe, Robert Frost and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. As well as from various rock bands. His apparently twisted mind, twists and intertwines fantasy with reality.

I am not a person who is easily forgotten

One day I will go, I will go to the sky
The distant sky is calling me.
But you will write my name in your heart
I am not a person who is easy to forget.

I will never leave you alone without disappearing in your dreams
You heart is broken, there is no cure.
But you won't find it, then it's too late
I am not a person who is easy to forget 

When those you trust leave you
When your heart is broken by the unfaithful.
You still remember a lot when your heart beats
I am not a person who is easy to forget

One day they will pierce your heart like a blade,
Missing hurts your heart every day.
But it will be late now, I won't be there that day
I am not a person who is easy to forget.

You can't let it go now,
You can't take your eyes off of me.
It's never too late, you can't forget.
I am not a person who is easy to forget

I AM FROM UZBEKISTAN

I am your poet child
If you give me wings, I will fly to the sky
Mother says I love my country
My voice is ringing today.
Make a pen and paper an excuse
Expressing my love from the bottom of my heart
My blood flows in my veins
My homeland is connected to your veins.
You are burning in my heart
I will not write you poems
That's when my pen broke
I'd rather go beyond Sharia.
How would my Uzbeg describe you?
The pen is incapable of writing your tariff
Only one pain remained in my heart
My name as a poet is painful.

Adhamova Laylo Akmaljon qizi 

The conversations I started in a good mood are going well.

If I start in a bad mood, it doesn't go far. The target is not being reached.

Posts written in a good mood are useful.

Even the neighborhood newspaper is boring to write in a bad mood.

I learn when I read a book in a good mood.

If I read in a bad mood, I fall asleep.

A disaster, an unexpected problem, the mistakes of others - many things are beyond our sphere of influence. We cannot control.

We can control our good mood. The decision that affects our lives the most is our mood.

Choose to be in a good mood. The rest will come by itself.