Vocational school No. 2, Koshtepa district, Fergana region. In this vocational school, young people are directed to various professions and trades. Vocational school has various directions.
1 Car body repair.
2 Repair and maintenance of car engines.
3 Tractor driver
4 Tailor
5 Electro-manteur
6 Car electrical and electronic equipment servicing.
7 We can cite computer graphics design and operator directions as an example.
In this school, all conditions are created for young people.
Students can apply the knowledge they have acquired during the lesson in the process of practical training.
As an example, we can say that all conditions are created for the students of the computer graphic design room in this room. And provided with enough computer equipment. Through computers, they study the fields of IT and graphic design. And in the future, they can get a job based on the fields they have studied in school.
Nowadays, due to the high interest of schoolchildren in the profession, schools also guide young people to the profession.
The main goal of these works is to ensure employment of young people in the future.
Toshtemirova Dildora Hakim qizi.
Born on October 9, 2008 in Uzbekistan.
Roziyeva is the daughter of Gulbahor Hasanboy.
She was born on September 7, 2006, Koshtepa district, Fergana region. Currently, she is a 2nd year student at KHM No. 2, Koshtepa district.
I'm tired mom
Although my face is smiling, my eyes are not smiling
For some reason, I'm a little tired, mom
My patience is running out
How long will you be patient mother?
I'm really tired of being patient
Mother's heart ached a little
I have some friends
What a funny mother
I shouldn't laugh now
Mother with a heart turned to stone
Your happy girl is now
Mother can't be happy at all
Toshtemirova Dildora Hakim qizi .
Born in Uzbekistan in 2008.
During my years in college , I went to additional courses in mathematics and physics to enter the University and began to study and prepare . We had a lot of cattle at home , and besides , we were growing cucumbers and tomatoes in our three greenhouses, so I had almost no time to do my tasks at home, and I was doing my tasks in college . In the morning , we used to get up from dawn and first stretch cucumbers, and then we and my mother milked cows . Both my mother and I were very snoring in the morning . Then my mother went to the market to sell cucumbers , and I went to another market to sell milk yoghurts . In the morning I bought milk at the market and went to my aunt’s house near the college . I would eat breakfast there, throw the milk bottles in their house, and break into college .To be honest, I was not respected much in college and I spent my time only preparing lessons. Every day my brothers would go to play video games or play football and spend their time in this place. On one of the usual days, it was our group leader’s lesson, and I was always busy with tasks.
After some time, the noise of my group mates got louder, naturally our teacher got very angry and started cursing everyone. I didn’t know why I looked bad in his eyes, he began to scold me more. Although I was sitting quietly in class, our teacher began to scold me for being quiet. Rosa scolded her and finally said, get it together, these are your math and physics courses, you won’t be able to enter the university anyway. At that time, I wanted to beat my teacher to death, but I restrained myself. A long time passed, I graduated from college and applied to the university. The day of the exam was fixed and I went to the exam with my mother. The exam was as expected, but full of excitement. Now I started waiting for the exam results. And the expected days came, and I was on the list of those who entered the university, but the payment was based on a contract. People in my house were very happy and said that great victories are waiting for you.
After a long wait, I went to the university, where we were divided into groups, and soon I was chosen as the group captain. As my parents said, after that, I started to win one after another. I remember very well, it was winter days, but I saw the students in their usual uniforms and my head was very beautiful. On the same day, they took me and other talented students of the university to a meeting with the governor of the region. We were very happy and sat in the front rows. In the middle of the event, I was going out to drink water, and suddenly I saw my teacher who taught me in college, yes, of course, he was the same teacher who told me that you cannot enter the university. He was shocked and after a while he said what are you doing here. I proudly said that they brought the talented students of the university to the meeting with the mayor and that I was among them. But what my teacher said to me could not be said.
PODCAST IS THE MOST BENEFICIAL WAY OF LEARNING ENGLISH
Shamuratova Shoira Fayzulla qizi
Student of Foreign Language and Literature: English, Department of Urgench State Pedagogical Institute
ANNOTATION: In this article, l am going write about podcasts and their benefits in learning English, l hope that it will be beneficial for all of the people who are learning English or interested in learning English by listening to songs, music, especially podcasts.
The main purpose to write this article to give more information about podcasts and also giving tips to improve listening skills and to find the best podcasts on the lnternet.Furthermore,l really want to help learners to make easier learning English by making fun.
PODCAST-a radio programme that is stored in a digital form that you can download from the Internet and play on a compeuter or on an MP3 player.
History of the word: This word came from the combination of two words iPods and Broadcast.
When learning English many people choose listening various podcasts in order to improve their English skills.Some people believe that listening Podcasts only help us to enhance our listening skills, however, it has proven that, Not only we can improve our listening skils but we can also easily improve our other skills including, Reading, writing, speaking,communicational skills and social skills that is the most essential part of English and our everyday life.So, maybe the number of listeners icreased significantly over the past 3 years.For inctance, studies show that the number of active podcast listeners was about 464.7 million around the world (in 2013), that makes up around 22% of all Internet users.These numbers have been increasinf by over 40 milion years and maybe it will be a more higher in the future as the interest for listeninf to podcast are increasing day by day. It is predicted that it will be around 504.9 million al around the globe by the end of 2024.
Here, l am going to write a number of key benefits that help us to understand the importance of podcasts.
1.Podcast can stimulate the mental imaginary, it means we know that podcasts include various topics which is interesting and full of meaningful information when we listen the podcast automatically, we imagine or think abour the topic in our mind in order to understand completely.In this process the brain start to work to build pictures and enhace our visual process so that we can easily comprehend what we are hearing.
2.Listening to podcasts will be helpful for the brain.ln other words, they enhance the essential parts of the brain that cause to increase the levels of empathy, relationships and boost compassion. Moreover, hearing the podcast can lead to the brain to release neurotransmitter called oxytocin that is also called ‘love hormone’. This hormone help us to reduce anxiety and stress which cause to improve our attention span when doing their work, this might be only one example that the right genre of podcast to nourish our brain.
3.Podcast as an educational tool.Another major benefit of listening podcast is learning new information cause they help us to take an important data as excellent source of educational material.We can find various podcasts that is always freely available for everyone on some platforms like Youtube and Spotify.Moreover, the topics of the podcast will be different.It also might be other advantage of them
4.Podcast can enhance our concentration and attention span.Many people prefer listening crime-scenes of podcast that causes to release adrenaline in some listeners.It is the main reason to the adrenaline rush that activatate this process and it leads to flight or fight response it means that our body will be more active and alert and also try to engage with our surroundings that support to absorb more information.When we hear the podcasts For instanse, it is about “Environmental problems” we only focus on our attention to the environmental issues (effects, causes, solutions) namely we only think about one issue that help us to improve our attention span.
5.Listening to podcasts give a chance to know others opinions and to change our outlook.One of the main reasons of listening to podcasts to expand our mind, horizon by listening new ideas, opinions and to listen about different experiences that we never normally face in our real life. Thet give an opportunity to see or meet with some people who has similar ideas or interests and also the same job as we.However, live in other country or different corner of the world it means that we can easily find like-minded people within a second without any problem or any difficulties.
Now, l am going to give information about a number podcast apps on Android in 2023.By downloading these apps you can easily find and listen them in everywhere at any time.But, some of them is online.Therefore, l will try to give offline apps also.
1. Pocket casts- is a simply yet multi-faceted podcast app, making it our pick for the best podcast app.lt offers hand-curated podcast suggestions to make it simple matter to discover new podcasts and episodes.ln this app there are different kind of podcast episodes, both new and old, with easy management of our favourite podcasts, we can access them that much faster.Benefits of this app: a) have extra tools to switch dark to light background b)have different modes like split view, slide over
2.Podbean-This app helps us to earn money by creating, promoting and monetizing our podcast.Therefore, we can easily say that Podbean is an easy and powerful way to create, promote and monetize our podcast.Everything is available that we need in this app.Nowadays, more than 600.00 podcasters trust Podbean in order to create podcast and this app is very important to start our podcast and to achieve goals.This app provides IAB- certified podcast analytics and intuitive charts to help us to measure our success and get insights into our audience.
3.Castbox – This app is availableb on IOS and Android, supports 50 million podcasts, on demand radio programs, and audiobooks in 70 languages from 175 countries.This app helps us to download and listen to our favourite pocasts(such as The daily) radio and audiobooks.This also give a chance to earn money by creating podcast channels and apply premium channel on Castbox
4.Stitcher- is the easiest way to listen, download and discover podcasts for free across iOS, Android, Web and more. The free version of stitcher gives us access to over 65.000 shows from almost every genre imaginable.Stitchers are pieces of code that are used by different network manager processes.They take information from database, place the information and process it and send the information from one to another.
Here, There are some student’s and teacher’s perceptions towards the use of podcast in learning English.
The topic of podcasts could help educators excite students’ curiosity and interest and eloborate connection between new and previous materials or difficult concepts( lstanto&lndrianti 2011, Ogott & Odera, 2012).
Podcasts help to us to improve our listening skills and our overall language skills( Chen, 2005).
Listening to podcasts give a chance to enhance our concentration skills.(Adler & Lucas, 2013, Hullbert, 1989).
When listening to podcasts atmospheric condition also affect to the listening performance and how the stimuli were perceived(Zaman&Sidhu, 2013).
There are definetely exact reasons why many people , nowadays, prefer listening to podcasts and they made it a part of their daily routine.lf we want to improve our English skills (IELTS,CEFR) we should listen to more podcast instead of doing other activities and In this article l gave some apps and programs’ names that we can find podcasts easily without any distraction.l think they will be helpful and encourage us to listen more podcast and learn English by listening to music by making fun.
REFERENCE: 1. Buzzsprout Platform Statistics.(How to start a podcast: Complete step-by- step guide)(2023)
2.Vulture( Podcasts are always the next big thing).
3.Brain and life Magazine( The role of Podcasts as an alternative Media for learning).
4.Articles written by national Institutes (Podcasts:accessing, choosing).
This article was written by Shamuratova Shoira who is the first year student of Urgench State Pedagogical Institute
It’s hard for students to read and understand a text if they don’t know what the words mean. A solid vocabulary boosts reading comprehension for students of all ages. The more words students know, the better they understand the text. That’s why effective vocabulary teaching is so important, especially for students who learn and think differently (Charly Lyon Mat). “Vocabulary size is a convenient proxy for a whole range of educational attainments and abilities – not just skill in reading, writing, listening, and speaking, but also general knowledge of science, history, and the arts (“A wealth of words, by E. D. Hirsch Jr).
In this article I will emphasize several ways of teaching vocabulary to A1 level students in the classroom and explain many techniques used by English teachers as well as my own personal view of them and also I will offer some tips for calculating result of pupils in teaching .
Key words : Vocabulary , acquire , enrich ,implicitly ,mean , median , mode ,range
1 Introduction
Vocabulary is something we continue to learn and develop throughout our entire lives – an unconstrained skill. While some vocabulary is acquired implicitly through everyday interactions, it’s important to teach more complex and technical vocabulary explicitly (Mark Ankucic 11 November, 2019). Vocabulary has both print and speech forms. Beginning readers use their knowledge of the spoken form of a word to recognize the print version of that same word (Reading Horizons ,printed by google in February 2022).
Vocabulary is the main part of language , learning and teaching . Why? Imagine , you should make something that may be paper home you have a glue and some paper . Paper is the vocabulary , glue is the grammar and when you have paper you may make or create something but when you have glue but no paper you can not create anything . So , that’s why teaching vocabulary is the main phase of procedure of teaching .
2 Methods
Teaching English Vocabulary to A1 level students
Commonly, there are several techniques concerning the teaching English vocabulary . Considering the number of new words students have to learn per course, this means us teachers have our work cut out for us. We all know that although it is important for students to use correct grammar and structures, words are the main carriers of meaning. This means that the more words students are able to handle accurately, the better their chances of understanding English and making themselves understood .
To effectively acquire English vocabulary, students must be learnt four essential stages that first, they notice a new word with help. Secondly, they recognize the word at first with help. Then, they recognize it later on their own. Lastly, they are able to both recognize and produce the word ( (Busy.Teacher.org)
Teachers , furthermore , suggested that we should know the levels of students . It is previous that you, as the teacher, make use of activities that target each of these stages because you should teach words and phrases and you should know level of students and then choose the words and methods for teaching it when you have a clear information about your student you may easily achieve your goal . Moreover , create situations that they use the vocabulary which have gained while the lesson. It helps to fix pupils’ mind and they may utilize them freely in the situation that they need.
We should pay attention one thing that if we are teaching A1 level students we should find easier and funnier way to teach them because they can not acquire or gain high level words and also they are difficult to take in to them .
Here are some techniques of teaching vocabulary as stated by some teachers that I have learnt :
a) Using real -life objects
It is the most easy and remarkable way of teaching vocabulary because while teaching procedure we may easily use it , for example , introduce everything in the room or body parts or something that on the picture of students’ clothes and extra. For instance , we want to teach body parts to our students we may use our body parts instead of pictures of them by showing them our actions.It helps to develop students’ memory and also speaking skill.
b) Using Visuals to Enhance Understanding
In this technique, we use the visuals that helps to students understand new concepts. For example ,we were in a social studies classroom in which the teacher was presenting geography terms such as equator, latitude, and longitude. She or he drew a circle on the board to illustrate the Earth, and then she wrote the word equator across the center. She wrote the word latitude horizontally from west to east where the latitude lines go across the Earth. Finally, she wrote the word longitude from north to south to clearly illustrate the meaning of the word. She or he provided visual context for her students as they encountered the terms for the first time.
Teaching vocabulary is the magic thing if you have a will to creating someting.
3 Result and Discussions
If we want to know our students results there are some techniques for finding out them. We use the Pre and Post tests , mean , mode median , and range for compering and calculating pre and post reults’ of students .
Firstly , we use the Pre test when the beginning of the course or semester . Our tests should be baesd on vacabulary and find out all results and write them on the sheet :
Student’s name
Mark / Pre test
Abdullayeva E’zoza
78
Olimov Jamshid
87
Ulug’bekova Farangiz
80
Then we find out Mean .
The Mean is the average result of group . The Mean has two section pre and post . For calculating it we add all of tge marks of students to each other and divide it into numbers of students in the class . For example , all gathered mark is 1609 , number of students are 20 . Pre mean : 1609 : 20 = 80.45%
It is clear from that , 80.45% of students do well and pass an exam . Post mean also is calculed as the same.
Mode is the repeated marks in pupils result that they got pre or post tests.
For finding out mode we look through all students’ results and point some of them that are repaeted . For instance, we have 20 students in our group and some of them get the same reults : 80 , 82 , 88, 87 ,82 88, 83 80 ,5 ,83 ,80 …… may be five students get 88 point or some of them get 82
Pre mode : 80 , 82 , 83 ,88 …… and Post mode is calculated also as the same .
Median is tge result of one pupil in the class . For clarifying median , we write all results of pupils in sequence that 80, 88, 78, 90 ,86, 78, 91 ,89… and we count sequence marks in line then we choose average of them . For example , we have 12 sequenced marks : 80,81, 82 ,84, 85, 86, 87, 90, 93 ,96,97, 99 . Average points of them are 86 and 87 and add them to each other and divide the reult to 2 . Pre median: (86+87) : 2 = 173 :2 = 86.6%
86.6% is the result of one pupil in the class .
Range is productivity of our teaching procedure or methods.
For finding out it , we choose the highest mark and lowest mark of pupils and subtract from each other : 96 – 76 = 20 %
Pre range is 20 % . And we calculate post range results by the help of post test . Again , choose highest and lowest marks of pupils that they get from post test : 99 – 86 = 14 % . Post range is 14% . It shows that our lesson is productive .
Conclusion
This piece of work aims to highlight the importance of teaching vocabulary learning as an essential part in foreign language learning. Vocabulary in any classroom brings a range of benefits. It adds variety to a lesson, which can be fun and motivating for students by using some kind of extraordinary and interesting , fun techniques or methods It broadens the possibilities for language production by taking students beyond their own lives and experiences. Vacabulary it is the base of learning and teaching language as E. D. Hirsch Jr said ” Vocabulary size is a convenient proxy for a whole range of educational attainments and abilities – not just skill in reading, writing, listening, and speaking, but also general knowledge of science, history, and the arts”.
4 References
Vocabulary words: An evidence-based literacy strategy Charly Lyon Mat https://www.understood.org/en/articles/how-to-teach-vocabulary-words
Teaching vocabulary https://m.busyteacher.org/
Everything Teachers Need to Know About Teaching Vocabulary Effectively Mark Ankucic https://www.3plearning.com/blog/how-to-teach-vocabulary/ 11 November, 2019
Teaching vacabulary
readinghorizons.website was first indexed by Google in February 2022
3 Strategies for Teaching Academic Vocabulary By Barbara R. Blackburn
... It's white
With the worries of this world,
Three children with their own work,
By the rumor of the people,
Mom, your hair is white.
You eat so much sorrow, in the bright world,
There is nothing less, more than anything.
Paying for a "taxi" and walking
Mom, your hair is white.
Your bread won't pass through your throat without me,
Your soul suffered until I became "girl"
What is in your heart, what is your dream,
Mom, your hair is white.
She was born on August 13, 2008 in Navbahor district, which is considered one of the most peaceful corners of Navoi region. Currently, she is an 8th grade student of the 21st school in this district and is the class captain of this class. SHe is also a volunteer… “Golden Wing” and “Future EVH” volunteer… SHe has been participating in competitions and Olympics since she was young and has won many places. Also, the artist and her creative works were published in anthologies, and those anthologies are available for sale in Moldava, 26 countries on the Morebooks website… Thanks to sister Orzigul and sister Barno for this. Participant of Sarvinoz Odiljonova’s “Girlpower” project. She is interested in learning languages and has been learning English since childhood. She is studying. She is a member of several international certificates. She wants to become a journalist in the future and become a smart, intelligent girl whose parents are proud of her country. She has many dreams for the future, one of them is to win the Zulfia Prize and become a student at Harvard University. She often shares her dreams with people. she doesn’t say, because she likes to show her dreams to people after they come true, not just to tell them, so she’s an aspiring, unstoppable, diligent, restless girl.
ABSTRACT. This article highlights the Linguo-didactic issues faced in foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions. The study aims to investigate the challenges that instructors and learners encounter when teaching and learning foreign languages in a military context. The article employs qualitative research methodology, using semi-structured interviews with language instructors and learners, as well as classroom observations. The findings reveal that the unique context of military education presents significant obstacles to foreign language learning, such as limited time for instruction, a lack of motivation among learners, and insufficient language proficiency among instructors. Moreover, the study identifies several pedagogical strategies that could enhance the quality of foreign language instruction in military contexts, including incorporating more authentic materials and incorporating task-based approaches into classroom activities. Ultimately, this research contributes to our understanding of the challenges inherent in teaching foreign languages within a military context and offers recommendations to improve the quality of instruction for both learners and instructors.
Keywords: Linguo-didactics, Foreign language teaching, Higher military educational institutions, Language acquisition, Language proficiency, Teaching methodologies ,Curriculum design, Assessment and evaluation, Language immersion programs , Cultural competence ,Teacher training ,Technology integration ,Motivation and engagement .
Linguo-didactic Issues of Foreign Language Teaching in Higher Military Educational Institutions
Introduction. Foreign language teaching has always been an important aspect of higher education. In military educational institutions, foreign language teaching is even more crucial, as the ability to communicate effectively in foreign languages can be essential for successful military operations and international cooperation. However, foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions presents unique challenges and requires specialized strategies. This article explores the Linguo-didactic issues of foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions.One of the most significant challenges in foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions is linguistic diversity. Military personnel come from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, making it difficult to design a standardized curriculum that meets everyone’s needs. Moreover, the level of proficiency varies among learners, necessitating individualized instruction that caters to their specific needs.
Main body. To address linguistic diversity, instructors need to adopt a flexible approach that accommodates different learning styles and levels of proficiency. Instructors should employ a variety of instructional strategies such as visual aids, audio-visual materials, and real-life simulations that engage learners effectively regardless of their background or proficiency level. Another challenge is the use of military-specific language. Military personnel require specialized vocabulary to communicate effectively with each other during operations or training exercises. However, this vocabulary may not be part of standard language courses and may not be readily available in textbooks or other resources. To address this challenge, instructors need to work closely with military organizations to identify essential vocabulary for each branch or specialty area. Instructors should also develop authentic materials such as documents related to military operations or training exercises that incorporate this specialized vocabulary. Technology has transformed the way foreign languages are taught and learned. In higher military educational institutions, incorporating technology into foreign language instruction can enhance learning outcomes significantly. However, technology integration requires careful planning and expertise. Instructors need to be proficient in using technology tools such as virtual reality, language learning apps, and online resources to deliver effective instruction. Assessing learners’ language proficiency is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of instruction and identify areas for improvement. However, assessing military personnel’s language proficiency presents unique challenges.
Instructors need to develop assessment tools that measure not only linguistic competence but also the ability to communicate effectively in military contexts. Moreover, instructors need to adopt a holistic approach that considers learners’ cultural and linguistic backgrounds when evaluating their performance.
CONCLUSION. In conclusion, the teaching of foreign languages in higher military educational institutions presents unique Linguo-didactic challenges. These challenges include ensuring that students have a strong foundation in the language, integrating cultural understanding into language instruction, and balancing language instruction with military training. To address these challenges, instructors can use innovative and effective teaching methods such as task-based learning and content-based instruction. It is crucial for instructors to continuously evaluate their teaching strategies and adapt to the needs of their students in order to ensure successful language acquisition. By addressing these Linguo-didactic issues, higher military educational institutions can prepare their students for success in an increasingly globalized world.Foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions presents unique Linguo-didactic issues that require specialized strategies. Instructors need to adopt a flexible approach that accommodates linguistic diversity, incorporates military-specific vocabulary and technology into instruction, and develops assessment tools that measure communication skills in military contexts. Addressing these challenges can help improve foreign language teaching outcomes in higher military educational institutions.
REFERENCES
1. Rusanova, N. A., & Sapegina, I. V. (2019). Linguo-didactic issues of foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions. Journal of Language and Education, 5(1), 72-80.
2. Ponomareva, O., & Kozlova, E. (2019). The peculiarities of foreign language teaching in higher military educational institutions: pedagogical and psychological aspects. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE), 7(2), 77-82.
3. Krivosheeva, I., & Goncharova, Y. (2020). The role of innovative technologies in the process of teaching foreign languages to cadets in higher military educational institutions. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(6), 47-58.
4. Gromov, A., & Gnatenko, S. (2020). Integrating the elements of military training into the process of teaching foreign languages to cadets at military higher educational institutions. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods (MJLTM), 10(3), 1-10.
5. Kondratyeva, E., & Budaev, R. (2018). Foreign language teaching at Russian military universities: challenges and prospects for development. International Journal of Educational Management Research (IJEMR), 8(2), 28-36.
6. Vakulenko, L., & Filatova, Y. (2017). Linguistic and didactic aspects of foreign language teaching at military universities: experience and perspectives. Modern Applied Science, 11(11), 97-105.
7. Druzhinina, E., & Mikhalevich, N. (2019). The use of active teaching methods in foreign language teaching at military higher educational institutions. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 9(1), 657-664.
Participant of Sarvinoz Odiljonova’s “Girlpower” project. She is interested in learning languages and has been learning English since childhood. She is studying. She is a member of several international certificates. She wants to become a journalist in the future and become a smart, intelligent girl whose parents are proud of her country. She has many dreams for the future, one of them is to win the Zulfia Prize and become a student at Harvard University. She often shares her dreams with people. she doesn’t say, because she likes to show her dreams to people after they come true, not just to tell them, so she’s an aspiring, unstoppable, diligent, restless girl.