Synchronized Chaos First March Issue: Fingering the Spines

Tunnel of Books in a Prague bookstore, c/o Petr Kratochvil

Regular contributor Bill Tope has launched a new literary magazine, Topiary, which is now accepting submissions! Please send short stories to billtopiary1950@gmail.com.

In March we will have a presence at the Association of Writing Programs conference in Baltimore which will include a free public offsite reading at Urban Reads on Friday, March 6th at 6 pm. All are welcome to attend!

So far the lineup for our reading, the Audible Browsing Experience, includes Elwin Cotman, Katrina Byrd, Terry Tierney, Terena Bell, Shakespeare Okuni, and our editor, Cristina Deptula. If there’s time, an open mic will follow.

Our Urban Reads bookstore in Baltimore

Our next issue, Mid-March 2026, will come out Sunday March 22nd.

Yucheng Tao announces the winners of his poetry competition, Steve Schwei and Mark DuCharme. We’ve invited both winners to submit their poetry to Synchronized Chaos for everyone to read!

Now, for March’s first issue! This issue, Fingering the Spines, pays homage to our annual in-person reading, the Audible Browsing Experience. It’s a visual metaphor for looking through various titles in a global bookstore or library.

Genevieve Guevara rings in the dynamic energy of the Fire Horse for Chinese New Year.

Odiljonova Mohlaroyim Iqboljon qizi celebrates the many styles of Uzbek spoken word art. Umarova Gulsevar Ubaydullo qizi highlights the rich semantic and lexical expressiveness of the Uzbek language. Shuhratova Mohinur Abbosjon qizi explores the layered meaning of “k’o’ngil” (heart) in the Uzbek language.

Image c/o Lode Van de Velde

Jesus Rafael Marcano celebrates the beauty of France, likening the nation to butterflies. Timothee Bordenave honors the beauty and majesty of Christian faith, as shown through Notre Dame. Su Yun’s abstract work reflects a meditative, spiritual sensibility. Soumen Roy describes a physical and mental journey towards spiritual inspiration.

Abdumajidova Zuhroxon Ibrohimjon qizi explores themes of hardship and endurance, destiny, faith, patriotism, and loyalty in Shuhrat’s classic Uzbek novel Oltin Zanglamas. Iroda Ibragimova explores themes of resilience and human dignity through oppression in Shukrullo’s novel Buried Without a Shroud. Bakhtiyorova Zakro Farkhod qizi speaks to the role of the short story in Uzbek literature. Ro’zimatova Madinaxon Sherzod qizi analyzes themes of strength, weakness and humanity in Abdulla Qahhor’s story “Ming bir jon.” Anvarova Mohira Sanjarbek qizi contributes a heartfelt poem from the perspective of Gulchehra, a character in O’lmas Umarbekov’s “Being Human is Hard.”

Azimov Mirsaid draws on Ray Bradbury and traditional Uzbek crafts and hospitality to illustrate the value of human warmth and imperfection. Dr. Jernail Singh Anand urges humanity to look into the words of our past and present writers and philosophers for wisdom in this age of great technological advancement. Dr. Jernail Singh Anand also expresses hope for the continuance of human creativity in the age of artificial intelligence. Daniela Chourio-Soto renders all-too-human morning sleepiness with lively humor. Eva Petropoulou Lianou explores the feelings and inspirations of emerging Greek painter Vivian Daouti.

Author Victoria Chukwuemeka discusses her creative journey towards exploring psychology and the subconscious, becoming deeper and more straightforward in her words. Kassandra Aguilera’s work mourns her speaker’s incompleteness, probing whether we need observers to fully realize ourselves. Ananya S. Guha reflects on distance, separation, and reunion, how roads can both bring us apart and together.

Image c/o Petr Kratochvil

Emeniano Somoza poetically compares creative writing and glassblowing: arts where creators shape, rather than force, their materials. Poet Su Yun collects a set of poems from children at the East-West Public School in Bangalore on the theme of “the power of the pen vs the sword.” Taylor Dibbert’s short piece is almost anti-poetry, suggesting without communicating a metaphor.

Stephen Jarrell Williams’ poetry speaks to the risks and joys of openness to emotion and experience. Komilova Parizod reminds us to make the most of our lives and appreciate the joy around us. Priyanka Neogi urges us to act with wisdom and restraint. Boymirzayeva Dilrabo highlights the importance of motivation and discipline in reaching one’s goals.

Sobirova Oydinoy Nozimjon qizi discusses symptoms and types of neurosis. Mashhura Ochilova speaks with poignance and grace of a young woman’s inner battle with depression. Graciela Noemi Villaverde speaks to gaining wisdom through life’s losses. J.J. Campbell’s voice is older, raw, bruised, with hard-won exhaustion and experience.

Axmedova Gulchiroyxon expresses her tender love and concern for her mother. Nurmurodova Masrura Xurshedovna honors the patient, dedicated, behind-the-scenes love of her father. Gulsanam Sherzod qizi Suyarova explicates the value of friendship and how to be a good friend. Aminova Feruza Oktamjon kizi celebrates the beauty and innocence of young love. Qozoqboyeva Husnida yearns with devotion for her soulmate’s arrival. Mesfakus Salahin falls into a reverie about a fanciful love that exists between his imagination and his memory. Prasanna Kumar Dalai smiles through a delicate and tender love. Joeb expresses his hopes for personal and global love and peace. Lan Xin celebrates transcendent union with all others and the universe, with the world as her homeland, in her fanciful dinner piece. Husanxon Odilov laments a love which he acknowledges will never return. Nicholas Gunther reflects on a high school lost love or friendship through a casual ghazal. Bill Tope and Doug Hawley present an unusual relationship arrangement that seems to make several older people happy. Masharipova Yorqinoy Ravshanbek qizi celebrates the tenderness of a mother’s love. Brian Barbeito’s gentle childlike piece creates a surreal atmosphere rich in memory and care. Orzigul Sharobiddinova Ibragimova versifies her love and longing for her Uzbek homeland.

Image c/o Kai Stachowiak

Zarifaxon Nozimjon Odilova qizi highlights the historical contributions of Uzbek statesman and humanist leader Zahriddin Muhammad Babur. Toshkentboyeva Xumora outlines the contributions of Amir Temur to modern Central Asian statecraft. Poet Lan Xin highlights the wisdom and compassion of Chinese Dongba cultural leader Wan Yilong. Abdusaidova Jasmina explicates themes of spirituality, heritage, and love in Alisher Navoiy’s writing. Abduxalilova Shoxsanamxon Azizbek qizi celebrates the benefits of reading culture for society.

Murodova Zarin Sherali qizi explicates the importance of language learning in world communication and international and intercultural relations. Khusanjonova Mukhtasarhkon Khamdamjon qizi discusses how podcasts can help those learning English as a foreign language. Turdimuradova Zulfera Sattor qizi analyzes the use of blended learning in teaching English as a foreign language. Suyunova Zuhra Oybekovna speaks to the importance of writing skills to language learning.

Olimova Marjona Ubaydullayevna celebrates the literary heritage of Zulfiya and her themes of patriotism, women’s dignity, and compassion. Munisa Yo’ldosheva highlights how Zulfiya’s life influenced her works and her contributions to supporting emerging authors. Nozigul Baxshilloyeva discusses emotional and spiritual themes within Zulfiya’s work and how they affect Uzbek readers. Sultonova Shahlo Baxtiyor qizi highlights the literary and cultural influence of Zulfiya’s poetry. Jurayeva Barchinoy does the same, while also highlighting her commitments to education and women’s rights. Nematullayeva Mukhlisa Sherali kizi relates the value of Zulfiya’s work through a narrative story. Gayratova Dilnavo highlights the enduring legacy of Zulfiya’s work, especially what it means for many Uzbek women.

Loki Nounou’s piece dramatizes a woman stripped of her individuality in a toxic marriage, becoming only a vessel to hold others’ dreams. Abigail George probes the maternal and domestic as both sacred and violent, an origin and a wound, along with critiques of colonialism and the power of self-kindness. Manik Chakraborty calls for a natural, spiritual feminine awakening. Asadullo Habibullayev warns of the dangers and social injustices young women can face in Uzbekistan, even when educated, and calls for the younger generation to respect the wisdom of their elders. Eva Petropoulou Lianou urges respect for women and for the roles women play in society, including motherhood. Maxmarajabova Durdona Ismat qizi celebrates the love and care of human mothers and the value of Mother Earth.

Image c/o Sulvia

Zamira Moldiyeva Bahodirovna analyzes what the nature motifs in Alexander Feinberg’s work reveal about his thoughts on memory and identity. Noah Berlatsky draws on trees to illustrate our shared human heritage, how we connect to each other and hold each other up. Dilafruz Muhammadjonova presents a natural and cultural tour of Uzbekistan’s Andijan province. Suyunova Fotima Oybekovna reminds us of how crucial it is to preserve the environment. O’gabek Mardiyev outlines ways to improve the efficiency of solar power generation. Shavkatova Mohinabonu Oybek qizi urges improvements in Uzbek public transit to encourage tourism as well as benefit ecosystems. Sultonaliyeva Go’zaloy Ilhomjon qizi analyzes the social, cultural, ecological and economic aspects of tourism in Central Asia. Turgunov Jonpolat discusses the ways in which media framing of climate issues affects how people address the problem. Surayyo Nosirova highlights the need for more consistent communication from journalists to the public about climate change in Uzbekistan.

The works of primary school children in China, collected by Su Yun, reflect moments of happiness and ordinary summer fun in nature. Alan Patrick Traynor’s Irish-inspired piece becomes incantatory, mystical, inhabiting littoral and transitional zones at the ocean’s edge. Tea Russo’s spiderweb poem seeks both expansive transcendence and the peace of oblivion, melding into various aspects of nature. Turkan Ergor dreams of the permanence of the ocean’s waves. Eleanor Hill reflects on the calm strength and dignity of a whale, unbothered while creating waves and blowing bubbles. Ri Winters turns to the ocean and its kelp forests as metaphor for the deep, isolating, yet restful morass of depression.

Brian Barbeito sends up a preview of his book Of Love and Mourning, highlighting the original content and the memorials to beloved pets who have passed. Filmmaker Federico Wardal celebrates a film award for a very humane documentary about veterinary care that saved the life of a racehorse. Jerrice J. Baptiste’s piece, accompanied by gentle, colorful artwork, expresses a graceful and natural surrender to death. Sayani Mukherjee’s piece sits between devotion and restlessness, calling the sky a neighbor yet screaming at stars. Mykyta Ryzhykh crafts a fevered love elegy at the edge of war, eros, and annihilation.

Patrick Sweeney sends up a set of index cards from a memory archive. Mark Young’s altered geographies trace the outlines of innocence, memory, and rupture. John Grey’s urban character and landscape pieces show dry, unsentimental grace.

Image c/o Jacques Fleury

Duane Vorhees’ poetry meditates on time’s circularity, embracing contradictions and the past, present, and future. Ibrahim Honjo reflects that one day his home and everything he knows will fade into memory. Christopher Bernard continues exploring hope, ruin, and creative resilience in the second installment of his prose poem “Senor Despair.”

Maja Milojkovic speaks to the implacable ticking of conscience. Mahbub Alam laments the selfishness and wickedness of humanity. James Tian dramatizes the pain of being underestimated, dismissed, and misunderstood. Mark Lipman calls for greater taxes on the wealthy and for economic egalitarianism. Jacques Fleury hoists his commentary on the fragility of modern democracy on the scaffolding of an extended construction metaphor.

Rahmatullayeva Elmira Rahimjon qizi discusses how we form the value systems that guide our lives. Abduraufova Nilufar Khurshidjon qizi outlines the national values and traditions of the Uzbek people. Islomova Maxsudaxon Axrojon qizi explores ways to inculcate values into Uzbekistan’s young people in school through exposing them to the great thinkers of their heritage. Botirova Mubina looks into ways Uzbekistan’s civil society can uplift teens and prevent delinquency through communicating their national values. Abdullayeva Ezozaxon Qobuljon qizi highlights the importance of social and financial investment in education. Ismoilova Jasmina Shavkatjon qizi highlights the importance of quality education for social progress.

Axtamova Orastaxon Salimjon qizi outlines strategies to assist autistic children’s psychological development. Rajabova Nozima highlights methods of improving young students’ reading comprehension. Dildoraxon Turg’unboyeva outlines the effectiveness of play-based learning methods in education. Sevara Tolanboy Mahmudova qizi discusses educational games for preschoolers. Turgunboyeva Dilafruzxon highlights the importance of preschool education to a child’s development. Muxlisa Olimjon qizi Tursunaliyeva and Adhamova Irodaxon Akmal qizi discuss ways to help educate children with learning disabilities. Dilnora Habibullo qizi discusses interactive methods for teaching children with and without special needs. Burhonova Lobar outlines suggestions for working with children on the autism spectrum. Hikmatova Nigorakhon Hasanboy qizi discusses how to upgrade physical education and make the activities more interactive. Turg’unova O’g’iloy Ravshanbek qizi discusses ways to incorporate physical activity into children’s academic education. Shahobiddinova Sevinch explores the use of educational games in primary education. Arziqulova Adiba details various interactive strategies for engaging young children in educational activities at school. Mashhura Kamolova analyzes the limitations of examinations in terms of measuring student capabilities.

Image c/o Victoria Borodinova

Orinboyeva Zarina discusses how to help children psychologically and emotionally navigate their parents’ divorce. Botiriva Odinaxon elevates the teaching profession and calls for professional development and competence in those who educate young children. Nishonboyeva Shahnoza speaks to her wisdom and dedication towards her goal of becoming a preschool teacher.

Kadirova Feruzakhan Abdiyaminova discusses interactive games that could be useful in science education. Oroqova Nargiza outlines the rise of allergies in children and speculates on the causes. Umidjon Hasamov highlights the potential for artificial intelligence in medical diagnostics. Yunusova Sarvigul Siroj qizi highlights the importance of early screening for gastrointestinal cancer. Rajapova Muqaddas Umidbek qizi highlights the structure and function of the circulatory system.

Shohnazarov Shohjaxon highlights the impact of inflation on a nation’s economy and strategies for managing it. Mamadaliyev Kamronbek highlights the need for cybersecurity technology and cautions about cyberattacks as a weapon of war.

Dr. Jernail S. Anand calls out poets and academics whose lofty ideas don’t connect to present-day reality. While we are all capable of flights of fancy, we hope that this issue is grounded in our world and our humanity.

Poem from Anvarova Mohira Sanjarbek qizi

From “Being Human is Hard” by O’lmas Umarbekov — Gulchehra, from my perspective, regrets…

My first, pure love I gave to you,

My whole heart I offered as a gift, too.

In return, I had hoped for love from you,

Yet my unforgettable mistake—you became “you”!

All my attention was only on you,

My day passed with your letters in view.

If from afar I glimpsed you, my eyes would burn through,

Yet my unforgettable mistake—you became “you”!

You said you longed for my arrival, that you’d wait,

Without a word, silently, you walked away.

You hid trust completely from my vocabulary’s slate,

Yet my unforgettable mistake—you became “you”!

I heard later, you said many words,

“I didn’t love, I didn’t burn,” yet again.

You turned my whole heart into a play for your amusement,

Yet my unforgettable mistake—you became “you”!

You found your own Shirin and Layli,

Burning in their love, you became another story.

What could I have said? As always, fine…

Yet my unforgettable mistake—you became “you”!

I loved… In the end, I proved it true,

Without you, I preferred death over any rue.

I cut off even the memories that I knew,

Yet my unforgivable mistake—you became “you”!

— (Anvarova Mohira)

Anvarova Mohira Sanjarbek qizi was born on September 2, 2007. She lives in Yaypan city, O‘zbekiston district, Fergana region. She is currently pursuing a bachelor’s degree at the Faculty of Humanities and Language Education at Kokand State University. She is actively engaged in educational and humanitarian fields. Mohira actively participates in the university’s cultural and educational events. She holds a B-level certificate in her native language and a B2-level certificate in English. In addition, she is involved in creative activities and works on articles and theses.

Poetry from Axmedova Gulchiroyxon

I am Axmedova Gulchiroyxon, a second-year undergraduate student at Kokand State University, Faculty of Primary and Technological Education, specializing in Primary Education. I actively participate in numerous competitions and assessments.

Oh God, Take Away My Mother’s Pain

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Her heart half-closed, her gaze in rain.

See how sorrow drives her to despair,

Longing for spring, tears fill the air.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

I’ve yet to lead her on pilgrimage’s lane.

A heavy question weighs upon my soul,

Why each day I failed to make her whole.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Though I spoke my love, some days in vain.

Today my eyes at last open wide,

To cherish her, with nothing to hide.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Illness should not touch her radiant face again.

She says, “Waste no time, don’t let life fall,”

Yet I ignored her golden call.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Her trials and hardships she must sustain.

Her sweet words drip like gentle balm,

Her conversations bring the heart calm.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Let no tear fall from her eye again.

All her burdens, let me bear them all,

Keep her safe, let no harm befall.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

My hands in prayer shall never wane.

It’s in Your power, O Lord above,

I beg You, answer my plea of love.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

My gentle angel, pure heart’s domain.

Place the key of hope within my heart,

Her presence makes my whole life start.

Oh God, take away my mother’s pain,

Your healing shines as truth’s own reign.

As our people say with reverent call,

Heaven lies beneath a mother’s thrall.

Poetry from Mykyta Ryzhykh

І love you more than dried pineapple

death teaches us to read sugared lips

we die near the source from which sweet syrup flows instead of water

І love you more than

death is the dried body of my beloved

every time I stand by the bridge I remember that I can’t swim

I like to drown myself but every time I accidentally swim up but alas in vain

I love

I’m learning silence to drink silence

I teach you death

І love to remember the skin and pretty ass of my lover

my memory floats in a cemetery that is not able to live without graves

I can’t live a day without flowers

standing at the grave, I can not live a single day without flowers

these flowers are for you my love

I teach all birds to turn into stones

I am learning the wind and composure

I’m dying of thirst in the rain

I die when I realize that I am standing in a cemetery

I’m dying

I’m dying

***

the sky is for the birds

the sky is meant for mosquitoes

the sky is not meant for airplanes

heaven orally pleases military pilots

***

I fucked so loud that the wall burst

I moaned so loud that my veins burst

I didn’t hear the bombs fall

our fingers were intertwined during the kiss

semen washes away any blood

nightingales outside the window sing incredibly quietly

Poetry from Mesfakus Salahin

South Asian man with reading glasses and red shoulder length hair. He's got a red collared shirt on.
Mesfakus Salahin

The Love of a Colorful Envelope

‎I will live without love forever

‎Without you, I am a water lotus in you

‎Like a bumblebee l won’t look for flowers

‎My addiction has evaporated since then

‎The thorns pricking the soles of my feet

‎The blood cells will not touch you

‎I will not say, embracing the body of expectation-

‎I am only yours.

‎I won’t say like a grasshopper touching the sky –

‎The sky above your head is mine

‎The mind will not fly like a kite along the path, like a bird

‎I will walk like a waterfall

‎However, I will not look for footprints

‎I will not search for a lifetime

‎The love of a colorful envelope

‎My mind is incorporeal like a butterfly.

‎In this city, the game of the heart is forbidden

‎Love is traded according to necessity

‎Anyone is sold as they please

‎Walking naked time north and south

‎The past hangs on the wall of distance

‎The stranger becomes familiar.

‎I won’t ask anyone to tell me

‎The juncture of love

‎I have torn my heart

‎With the sword of barren love

‎I have never forgotten

‎I love flowers.

Poetry from Johnson Ezekiel

Peace and love


Peace is a natural attribute
Which merged with love solute
Invigorates life with heavenly flute
Make existence enthralling for eternal absoluteness.
Peace, I want every day and every middle night
Peace and harmony that spray like ray of light
Peace, I feel so great to live confidently on earth
With happy faces I saw a single day in good health


Love has a power for unification
Satiate mind for ultimate beautification
Complexes modified into normal condition
Pleasure takes hierarchical steps with great passion.
Love me little and I will love you more forever
Lovely days coming ahead let we be together
In dusk and dawn we think about our future
Our future blend with great saturated picture


Peace faces struggle to establish her existence
Ecstasy sprouts in negativity to realize its importance
The world is lived only to taste the nectar of peace
Sheltered in love branches and get divine bliss.
I serve you my wisdom and thought
To create things with peace & harmony that,
Will enrich the satisfaction of my people
And never relent and end with cripples.
Love is a cosy bonfire


Which invites peace in life desire
Spiritual source manifested in life situation
Splendid endeavour invokes heart palpitation.
One house and billions of loves flying in the top sky
When felt so glad and heart flabbergasting, but shy
Your heart is even purer and then clean,
And with everything you do, this purity is seen.


MOVE ON
Forget yesterday’s pain,
There is a pain in gain.

At the end of dark tunnel,
There is a light as full as the moon.
But sometimes walk along
With Torchlight,
Because it might not be a light
Cheer up and move on
Buckle up and goes on
Not everything ends in vain.


All the predicaments shall flit.
Road shall pave like a flat
And it shall be bright as light
With hope higher we shall flee.
As life move as the sky
Many thoughts I do lie
Believe has gone far away from them
Opportunity comes ones to them
And never think will happen to them
As I begin to start my journey
I stay in pains early Morning


Just to make myself feel comfortable
The time we have has durable


UNDO THE PAIN
I come to you in pieces
Since all I need is peace
Peace with my soul
Since my shoe sole is down to earth
And so worn out beyond repair.
Help me gather the pieces of my heart
I wanna make it whole again
Though it’s glassed
I believe it can be glued
Despite the visible cracks, it’ll be whole again.


All need is for you to undo the pain
The pain you caused while you walked out on me

While you lead me on as I followed blindly
Not knowing you’re walking me into a ditch
A ditch that would leave my limbs broken like bone chops.
Lift this burden, I plead,
Enough of this pain,
Cracked I was but now I’m shattered,
Battered and broken into pieces.
Before our paths crossed I was at peace,
Now you turn my once peaceful life to hell,
Now I live in pains and agony,
I wish we never met.


Lift the great burden now and let’s part ways peacefully,
Undo my pains now, tarry not and help me,
Fix me now dear, my soul is getting weak,
I’m getting frail and fragile.
I plead with you this day,
Undo this burning pain, so I can feel my limbs,
Come to my aid, my soul cries for help,
My all is almost drained,
Put my pieces in piece and let’s dwell peacefully once again.

Essay from Arziqulova Adiba

BOSHLANG‘ICH SINFLARDA KITOBXONLIKNI RIVOJLANTIRUVCHI INTERAKTIV USULLAR

Jizzax davlat pedagogika universiteti 

Jizzakh State Pedagogical University

Faculty of Preschool and Primary     

Education     2nd-year student

Arziqulova Adiba

ABSTRACT

This article examines the use of interactive methods in developing reading culture in primary school students. The effectiveness of pedagogical technologies such as the “Jigsaw,” “Boomerang,” and “Odd One Out” methods in reading lessons is analyzed. It is substantiated that these methods contribute to the development of students’ independent thinking and increase their interest in reading.

KEY WORDS: reading culture, primary education, reading lessons, interactive methods, pedagogical technologies, Jigsaw method, literary text analysis

INTRODUCTION

“Raising the culture of reading is an important guarantee for achieving our great goals.” – Shavkat Mirziyoyev

We would like to emphasize that the primary school curriculum is not a special state document in which the content and volume of knowledge, skills, and competencies to be mastered by students are strictly defined according to academic years. We needed to develop such a curriculum, but it could only be the result of successfully addressing a general task — identifying and substantively presenting the scientific and methodological foundations of the teaching course. In other words, we needed to describe the essential components aimed at studying reading as a method through which a growing and developing person acquires knowledge and reshapes reality, ensuring the uniqueness of planned educational activities. The starting point for reflection and analysis should have been the book itself.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Nowadays, developed countries have accumulated extensive experience in applying pedagogical technologies that enhance students’ learning and creative activity and ensure the effectiveness of the educational process. The basis of this experience is interactive methods, which are increasingly used by almost all teachers in their lessons.

The term “interactive” originates from the English word interact (Russian: “интерактивный”), which literally means “inter” – mutual, bilateral, and “act” – to act, to do.

An interactive method in education serves to activate students’ learning and develop personal qualities by increasing the activity between students and teachers. The use of interactive methods fosters independent thinking, analysis, drawing conclusions, healthy communication, expressing one’s opinion and defending it with reasoning, focusing attention on the main issues of the lesson topic, participating in discussions and debates, and creating conditions for students to realize their potential.

There are many types of interactive methods, which are chosen according to the lesson topic and intended objectives, and require prior preparation. Correctly selected methods make lessons interesting and effective. Participation in interactive lessons requires students to be prepared and meet certain requirements, including mastering the necessary knowledge for active participation, readiness for communication, collaborative work, independent thinking, and the ability to express and defend their opinions.

Below is an example of an interactive method for developing reading skills among primary school students. The “One Extra” strategy (fifth, sixth, seventh, etc., is extra) helps students not only develop logical thinking but also improve skills in understanding texts and analyzing literary works. The method is applied in reading lessons as follows:

1 Form a system of concepts that reveal the content of the text or story (characters, events, main idea, literary devices);

2 Select four (five, six…) elements that match the text and one element that does not fit;

3 Ask students to identify the extra element and explain why they chose it;

4 Study the remaining concepts, analyze their interrelations, and gain a deeper understanding of the text’s content.

This method helps students develop independent thinking, justify their viewpoints, exchange ideas with peers, and at the same time, increases interest in reading.

Every lesson is a new adventure, and every book is a key that opens doors to new worlds. Using this method, students not only comprehend the text but also develop a love for books and expand their knowledge and imagination.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

It is known that in the second half of the 20th century, the methodology of primary education began to emphasize approaching literary works aesthetically, studying them as works of art. At the same time, psychological research indicated that the potential abilities of young students require a different approach to introducing them to the world of literature.

For instance, N.N. Svetlovskaya developed a theory of independent reading for students, while Ye.A. Adamov, M.S. Vasileva, V.G. Goretskiy, M.I. Omorokov, T.G. Ramzaeva, and others focused on analyzing the form and content of literary works. L.A. Gorbushina, O.V. Kubasova, L.N. Mali, L.V. Nefedova, and others highlighted the importance of students’ creative activities in methodology. Some researchers emphasized the necessity of developing reading techniques. Thus, the methodology of primary education has gone through significant stages of formation as a scientific discipline.

In the work of J. Yoldoshev and S. Usmonov, “Pedagogical Technologies and Pedagogical Mastery”, the theoretical foundations of applying modern pedagogical technologies in the educational process are extensively explored. The authors analyze the content, types, and mechanisms of implementing pedagogical technologies in teaching, demonstrating that the teacher’s pedagogical mastery is a crucial factor in enhancing educational effectiveness. This source plays a particularly important role in defining the scientific and theoretical basis for the use of interactive methods in primary education.

ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Currently, primary school teachers expect clear, evidence-based, and scientifically grounded guidance from methodology. Methodology ensures that future primary school teachers can approach the content of literary education independently and consciously. They should not only study the experiences of others but also analyze the results of these activities critically and draw correct conclusions.

M.A. Ribnikova identifies four didactic principles as the foundation of methodology:

1 Education should comprehensively influence students’ understanding.

2 Students should clearly understand the task set before them.

3 The teacher should have the skill to present new complex phenomena as if they were familiar.

4 Deduction should be linked with induction.

Ribnikova views the methodological system as a living process and emphasizes the need to focus attention on the methodological system itself.

These perspectives highlight the need for a new approach to the analysis and interpretation of literary and artistic works studied in primary school reading lessons. Conducting text analysis systematically and step by step allows students to direct their learning activities toward specific goals.

The “Boomerang” method is aimed at helping primary school students analyze reading material independently and explain it to their peers. Each student studies a part of the text and then presents it to other students in the group. As a result, knowledge is comprehensively and consciously acquired.

This method:

Organizes students’ activities step by step;

Ensures an individual approach;

Develops independent thinking and teamwork skills.

The use of pedagogical technologies such as “Boomerang” and the “Saw” method ensures that work with literary texts is goal-oriented, learning activities are systematically organized, individual approaches to students are provided, and students’ work can be monitored and assessed quickly.

In the “Saw” method, the literary text is divided into components. This technology can be applied to study all works included in the Grade 4 “Reading Book” curriculum. For example, in the lesson studying the story “The Prince’s Childhood”, the text is first presented as audio. The story is divided into four parts, and the class is split into four small groups. Each group is assigned one part to study.

Using the “Saw” method, students work independently in small groups. Each group understands the content of their assigned section and identifies the main idea. In the next stage, groups are restructured so that students explain the parts they studied to one another. As a result, the full content of the work is comprehensively and consciously acquired.

This method helps students develop skills in independent thinking, communication, teamwork, and justifying their opinions. Lessons that employ interactive methods significantly increase students’ engagement and interest in reading.

The results of the study indicate that pedagogical technologies such as “Saw” and “Boomerang” are effective in primary school reading lessons, contributing to the conscious comprehension of literary works and fostering a culture of reading.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the use of interactive methods in primary school reading lessons enhances the effectiveness of education. Pedagogical technologies such as “Saw” and “Boomerang” increase students’ engagement, develop their skills in conscious comprehension and analysis of literary works, and foster independent thinking. As a result, students’ interest in books grows, and the culture of reading is strengthened.

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